employment-status-of-minors-under-workers&amp Case Commentaries

Ambiguous Surveillance Video and Storewide Spill Evidence at Summary Judgment: Eleventh Circuit Reverses in Van Dorsten v. Wal‑Mart and Clarifies Florida’s § 768.0755 Constructive-Knowledge Pathways

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Ambiguous Surveillance Video and Storewide Spill Evidence at Summary Judgment: Eleventh Circuit Reverses in Van Dorsten v. Wal‑Mart and Clarifies Florida’s § 768.0755 Constructive-Knowledge Pathways...

Generic Objections Don’t Preserve §3553(c)(2) Challenges; Omission of a Written Statement of Reasons Is Plain but Harmless When Oral Reasons Are Clear — United States v. Alexander (11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Generic Objections Don’t Preserve §3553(c)(2) Challenges; Omission of a Written Statement of Reasons Is Plain but Harmless When Oral Reasons Are Clear — United States v. Alexander (11th Cir. 2025)...

Attempted Solicitation Suffices and NPS Jurisdiction Reaches Private Parcels Within Park Boundaries

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Attempted Solicitation Suffices and NPS Jurisdiction Reaches Private Parcels Within Park Boundaries Case: United States v. Rady Williams, Nos. 24-14167 & 24-14168 (11th Cir. Oct. 21, 2025) (per...

No Sale Required, No Private Enclave: Eleventh Circuit Clarifies NPS Solicitation and Interference Rules within Park Boundaries

Date: Oct 22, 2025

No Sale Required, No Private Enclave: Eleventh Circuit Clarifies NPS Solicitation and Interference Rules within Park Boundaries Case: United States v. Rady Williams, Nos. 24-14167 & 24-14168 (11th...

(Nonprecedential) Second Circuit Clarifies That Home Health Care Benefits Require Either a Licensed Agency or a Certified/Licensed Aide: Jackling v. Brighthouse Life Insurance Co.

Date: Oct 22, 2025

(Nonprecedential) Second Circuit Clarifies That Home Health Care Benefits Require Either a Licensed Agency or a Certified/Licensed Aide: Jackling v. Brighthouse Life Insurance Co. Introduction In an...

Express Incorporation of “Standard Conditions 1–12” Satisfies Maiorana; Delegation of Treatment Details and Third‑Party Search Notifications Upheld

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Express Incorporation of “Standard Conditions 1–12” Satisfies Maiorana; Delegation of Treatment Details and Third‑Party Search Notifications Upheld Introduction In United States v. Randolph, No....

Eleventh Circuit Endorses Corps’ Use of Letters of Permission as NEPA Categorical Exclusions—even in a National Seashore—and Declines Size-Based Limits via Ejusdem Generis

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Eleventh Circuit Endorses Corps’ Use of Letters of Permission as NEPA Categorical Exclusions—even in a National Seashore—and Declines Size-Based Limits via Ejusdem Generis Introduction In Center for...

Eleventh Circuit Clarifies: Misusing the Class‑of‑One Comparator Standard Can Render a Civil Rights Claim “Frivolous,” Justifying § 1988 Defense‑Side Fees

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Eleventh Circuit Clarifies: Misusing the Class‑of‑One Comparator Standard Can Render a Civil Rights Claim “Frivolous,” Justifying § 1988 Defense‑Side Fees Introduction In Hybrid Pharma LLC v. Matthew...

Substantial Truth, Opinion on Intent, and the “Of-and-Concerning” Gatekeeper: Eleventh Circuit Affirms Dismissal in Pick v. Raffensperger and Defers to Local Divisional Venue Rules

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Substantial Truth, Opinion on Intent, and the “Of-and-Concerning” Gatekeeper: Eleventh Circuit Affirms Dismissal in Pick v. Raffensperger and Defers to Local Divisional Venue Rules Introduction In...

Rule 68 Offers Can Contractually Cut Off § 1988 “Fees-on-Fees,” and Across-the-Board Lodestar Reductions Must Be Principled: Commentary on Otto v. City of Boca Raton (11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Rule 68 Offers Can Contractually Cut Off § 1988 “Fees-on-Fees,” and Across-the-Board Lodestar Reductions Must Be Principled: Commentary on Otto v. City of Boca Raton (11th Cir. 2025) Introduction...

Purity Irrelevant to § 841(b)(1)(B) Mandatory Minimums; “Standard” Supervised-Release Conditions May Be Imposed by Reference — United States v. King (11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Oct 22, 2025

PURITY IRRELEVANT TO § 841(b)(1)(B) MANDATORY MINIMUMS; “STANDARD” SUPERVISED-RELEASE CONDITIONS MAY BE IMPOSED BY REFERENCE United States v. Adam Joseph King, No. 24-12265 (11th Cir. Oct. 20, 2025)...

Jointly Undertaken Courier Schemes: Full Drug-Quantity Attribution and No Minor-Role Reduction Where Mutual Awareness and Shared Logistics Are Shown — United States v. Feliciano (11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Jointly Undertaken Courier Schemes: Full Drug-Quantity Attribution and No Minor-Role Reduction Where Mutual Awareness and Shared Logistics Are Shown — United States v. Feliciano (11th Cir. 2025)...

Officer-Action-Only Clock: Eleventh Circuit Clarifies That Subject-Caused Hesitation and Concurrent K‑9 Calls Do Not Prolong a Traffic Stop; Reaffirms § 922(g)(1) After Bruen and Rahimi

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Officer-Action-Only Clock: Eleventh Circuit Clarifies That Subject-Caused Hesitation and Concurrent K‑9 Calls Do Not Prolong a Traffic Stop; Reaffirms § 922(g)(1) After Bruen and Rahimi Introduction...

No Probable Cause by Association: Sixth Circuit Limits Early Qualified Immunity Dismissals and Rejects Extra‑Record Evidence at Rule 12

Date: Oct 22, 2025

No Probable Cause by Association: Sixth Circuit Limits Early Qualified Immunity Dismissals and Rejects Extra‑Record Evidence at Rule 12 Case: Andrew Evans v. Mark Gordon, et al. (Nos. 24-2066/2094,...

Sixth Circuit Reaffirms: No Pleading-Stage Qualified Immunity When Complaint Plausibly Alleges Arrest Without Probable Cause; 12(b)(6) Cannot Be Converted into Summary Judgment

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Sixth Circuit Reaffirms: No Pleading-Stage Qualified Immunity When Complaint Plausibly Alleges Arrest Without Probable Cause; 12(b)(6) Cannot Be Converted into Summary Judgment Introduction In Andrew...

Cumulative Inconsistencies Sustain Adverse Credibility; General Country Reports Alone Cannot Support CAT Relief: The Sixth Circuit’s Unpublished Decision in Md. Sundor Ali v. Bondi

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Cumulative Inconsistencies Sustain Adverse Credibility; General Country Reports Alone Cannot Support CAT Relief Introduction In Md. Sundor Ali v. Bondi, No. 24-3867 (6th Cir. Oct. 20, 2025) (not...

Sixth Circuit Reaffirms Tennessee’s Locality Rule and Permits Sua Sponte Summary Judgment After Expert Exclusion: Lenoir v. Shelby County Health Care Corp.

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Sixth Circuit Reaffirms Tennessee’s Locality Rule and Permits Sua Sponte Summary Judgment After Expert Exclusion Lenoir v. Shelby County Health Care Corporation (d/b/a Regional One Health) Court:...

Retaliatory-Intent Upward Variances and Digital Constructive Possession Under § 922(g): United States v. Andrew Miller

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Retaliatory-Intent Upward Variances and Digital Constructive Possession Under § 922(g): United States v. Andrew Miller Introduction This Sixth Circuit decision, though designated “Not Recommended for...

Sixth Circuit clarifies post-Ruan mens rea and upholds deliberate-ignorance instructions for pharmacists under § 841: United States v. Hasna Bashir Iwas

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Sixth Circuit clarifies post-Ruan mens rea and upholds deliberate-ignorance instructions for pharmacists under § 841 Commentary on United States v. Hasna Bashir Iwas, No. 24-1234 (6th Cir. Oct. 20,...

Cross-Corroborated Informant Accounts and Near-in-Time Firearm Recovery Sufficient to Trigger § 2D1.1(b)(1): United States v. Kordell Travis

Date: Oct 22, 2025

Cross-Corroborated Informant Accounts and Near-in-Time Firearm Recovery Sufficient to Trigger § 2D1.1(b)(1): United States v. Kordell Travis Introduction In United States v. Kordell Travis, the U.S....