actual-knowledge-is-awareness-of-the-hazard-itself Case Commentaries

Option-to-Purchase Contracts: No Implied Right to Delay Closing to Challenge a Contractually-Required MAI Appraisal; Appraisal-Critique Experts Must Satisfy V.R.E. 702

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Option-to-Purchase Contracts: No Implied Right to Delay Closing to Challenge a Contractually-Required MAI Appraisal; Appraisal-Critique Experts Must Satisfy V.R.E. 702 Introduction Jamaica Cottage...

Relief-from-Abuse Orders May Rest on Circumstantial Proof of Nonaccidental Injury and a Parent’s Acts or Omissions Failing to Protect a Child

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Relief-from-Abuse Orders May Rest on Circumstantial Proof of Nonaccidental Injury and a Parent’s Acts or Omissions Failing to Protect a Child Note on authority: This decision is an Entry Order issued...

Requiring a Record-Based, Note 3(C) Five-Factor Mitigating-Role Determination Under U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2 (Post Guía-Sendeme and Guzmán-Ceballos)

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Requiring a Record-Based, Note 3(C) Five-Factor Mitigating-Role Determination Under U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2 (Post Guía-Sendeme and Guzmán-Ceballos) I. Introduction In United States v. Gonzalez (1st Cir....

Tenth Circuit: Hardship Review Is Deferential, and Cancellation Appeals Cannot Recast Fact Disputes as Legal Error

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Tenth Circuit: Hardship Review Is Deferential, and Cancellation Appeals Cannot Recast Fact Disputes as Legal Error 1. Introduction In Hernandez Hernandez v. Blanche (10th Cir. Sept. 4, 2026)...

Post-Hunter I: Appeal Waivers Yield Only to Obvious, Egregious Error—Debatable § 922(g)(3) Constitutional Claims Remain Waived

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Post-Hunter I: Appeal Waivers Yield Only to Obvious, Egregious Error—Debatable § 922(g)(3) Constitutional Claims Remain Waived I. Introduction United States v. Nyandoro (5th Cir. Sept. 4, 2026)...

Starbucks v. NLRB (5th Cir. Sept. 4, 2026): Limits on NLRB Coercion Findings and Remedies—No Consequential Damages; No “Impossible” Reopening; Gissel Bargaining Order and Notice-Reading Sustained

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Limits on NLRB Coercion Findings and Remedies—No Consequential Damages; No “Impossible” Reopening; Gissel Bargaining Order and Notice-Reading Sustained Introduction In Starbucks Corporation v....

Procedural Forfeiture and Docket-Management Deference in Consolidated Federal Actions Challenging State Criminal Proceedings

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Procedural Forfeiture and Docket-Management Deference in Consolidated Federal Actions Challenging State Criminal Proceedings 1. Introduction In Urve Maggitti v. John Capuzzi, Sr. (3d Cir. Sept. 4,...

Financial and Logistical Realities May Be Weighed in Out-of-State Parent-Child Contact—§ 650 “Maximum Contact” Does Not Eliminate Trial-Court Discretion

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Financial and Logistical Realities May Be Weighed in Out-of-State Parent-Child Contact—§ 650 “Maximum Contact” Does Not Eliminate Trial-Court Discretion 1. Introduction Karissa Lashley v. Jacob...

Harmless Error in CAT Review When Likelihood-of-Torture Fails at Myrie Step One

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Harmless Error in CAT Review When Likelihood-of-Torture Fails at Myrie Step One 1. Introduction In Rafael Aguilar-Ayala v. Attorney General United States of America (3d Cir. Sept. 4, 2026) (not...

Fourth Circuit: Objective Recklessness Establishes Willful FBAR Liability, and Aggregate Willful FBAR Penalties Are Not “Grossly Disproportional” When Far Below the Statutory Maximum

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Fourth Circuit: Objective Recklessness Establishes Willful FBAR Liability, and Aggregate Willful FBAR Penalties Are Not “Grossly Disproportional” When Far Below the Statutory Maximum 1. Introduction...

Summary Judgment Reversible Error: District Courts Must Analyze Self-Interested Testimony on Insurable Interest and Explain Their Reasons

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Summary Judgment Reversible Error: District Courts Must Analyze Self-Interested Testimony on Insurable Interest and Explain Their Reasons 1. Introduction Case: Marbury v. United National Insurance...

Termination of Parental Rights: A Loving Bond Does Not Override the Child’s Need for Permanency When Other Best-Interest Factors Favor Termination

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Termination of Parental Rights: A Loving Bond Does Not Override the Child’s Need for Permanency When Other Best-Interest Factors Favor Termination Introduction Case: In re R.W., Juvenile (C.H.,...

Intervenor Standing Limits: Neighbors Cannot Appeal PUC Exclusion of Municipal Recommendations in § 248a CPG Proceedings

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Intervenor Standing Limits: Neighbors Cannot Appeal PUC Exclusion of Municipal Recommendations in § 248a CPG Proceedings I. Introduction Case: In re Petition of Industrial Tower and Wireless LLC...

Post-Judgment Business Setbacks Are Not “Newly Discovered Evidence” Under VR.C.P. 60(b)(2) in Divorce; Attorney’s Fees May Be Awarded for Meritless Relitigation

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Post-Judgment Business Setbacks Are Not “Newly Discovered Evidence” Under VR.C.P. 60(b)(2) in Divorce; Attorney’s Fees May Be Awarded for Meritless Relitigation 1. Introduction Case: Alison Beckwith...

De Novo Supreme Court Review of Attorney Sanctions Under Rule 9 § 33.1(d) to Ensure Statewide Uniformity

Date: Sep 5, 2026

De Novo Supreme Court Review of Attorney Sanctions Under Rule 9 § 33.1(d) to Ensure Statewide Uniformity Case: Fred C. Dance v. Board of Professional Responsibility of the Supreme Court of Tennessee...

Tumultuous Conduct Under 13 V.S.A. § 1026a: Loud, Confrontational Door-and-Window Banging Supports Aggravated Disorderly Conduct

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Tumultuous Conduct Under 13 V.S.A. § 1026a: Loud, Confrontational Door-and-Window Banging Supports Aggravated Disorderly Conduct Introduction In State v. Carl Holcomb, Jr. (Vt. Sept. 4, 2026) (entry...

Independent Traffic Violation and Attenuation Cure an Earlier Unlawful Prolongation; Redundant Records Checks During Ongoing Citation Work Do Not “Prolong” a Stop

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Independent Traffic Violation and Attenuation Cure an Earlier Unlawful Prolongation; Redundant Records Checks During Ongoing Citation Work Do Not “Prolong” a Stop Case: United States v. Robert...

Mississippi Nonjudicial Foreclosure: Clerk-Signed Courthouse Posting Evidence and No Statutory Duty to Accept Partial Reinstatement Payments Under § 89-1-59

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Mississippi Nonjudicial Foreclosure: Clerk-Signed Courthouse Posting Evidence and No Statutory Duty to Accept Partial Reinstatement Payments Under § 89-1-59 I. Introduction In Snell v. 21st Mortgage...

Sterling v. City of Jackson: No Substantive Due Process Right to Contaminant-Free Municipal Water or Truthful Official Assurances About Water Safety

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Sterling v. City of Jackson: No Substantive Due Process Right to Contaminant-Free Municipal Water or Truthful Official Assurances About Water Safety Introduction In Sterling v. City of Jackson (5th...

Home Invasion as a “Dangerousness” Predicate Upholding 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) After Hembree

Date: Sep 5, 2026

Home Invasion as a “Dangerousness” Predicate Upholding 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) After Hembree 1. Introduction In United States v. Lewis (5th Cir. Sept. 4, 2026) (per curiam) (unpublished), the Fifth...