Puerto Rico Case Commentaries

CFDBPA Limited to Consumer Transactions; Cybersecurity Risk Fear Alone Lacks Article III Standing; Utility Disconnection Process Satisfies Due Process When Meaningful Review Exists

Date: Jun 12, 2026

CFDBPA Limited to Consumer Transactions; Cybersecurity Risk Fear Alone Lacks Article III Standing; Utility Disconnection Process Satisfies Due Process When Meaningful Review Exists Case: Gordon...

Seventh Circuit: § 1325(b)(1)(B) Does Not Bar Paying Chapter 13 Debtors’ Attorneys’ Fees During the Commitment Period, and Administrative Fees Need Not Be Paid via Proof of Claim

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Seventh Circuit: § 1325(b)(1)(B) Does Not Bar Paying Chapter 13 Debtors’ Attorneys’ Fees During the Commitment Period, and Administrative Fees Need Not Be Paid via Proof of Claim 1. Introduction In...

Minor Editorial Changes, Verifiable “Anonymous” Submissions, and Non-Retraction Policies Do Not Establish Actual Malice (and Sanctions Require Bad Faith)

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Minor Editorial Changes, Verifiable “Anonymous” Submissions, and Non-Retraction Policies Do Not Establish Actual Malice (and Sanctions Require Bad Faith) Introduction Jewel Sanitary Napkins, LLC v....

Res Judicata Bars Federal Vagueness and Related Constitutional Claims After Illinois Zoning Enforcement, Even Where Rooker-Feldman Leaves Room for Some Damages

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Res Judicata Bars Federal Vagueness and Related Constitutional Claims After Illinois Zoning Enforcement, Even Where Rooker-Feldman Leaves Room for Some Damages 1. Introduction In Clay Wortham v....

Seventh Circuit: A Rote § 3553(a) Recitation—Even at the Bottom of the Guidelines—Is Procedurally Inadequate Without an Individualized Response to Mitigation

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Seventh Circuit: A Rote § 3553(a) Recitation—Even at the Bottom of the Guidelines—Is Procedurally Inadequate Without an Individualized Response to Mitigation 1. Introduction In United States v. Frank...

“Relating To” in § 2252A(b)(2) Is Broad: Indiana Child Molesting (§ 35-42-4-3(b)) Categorically Triggers the Mandatory Minimum

Date: Jun 12, 2026

“Relating To” in § 2252A(b)(2) Is Broad: Indiana Child Molesting (§ 35-42-4-3(b)) Categorically Triggers the Mandatory Minimum I. Introduction United States v. Joshua Schatz (7th Cir. June 9, 2026)...

Unreviewed State Administrative Decisions Do Not Preclude Title VII Claims, But Can Bar § 1983 and State-Law Claims

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Unreviewed State Administrative Decisions Do Not Preclude Title VII Claims, But Can Bar § 1983 and State-Law Claims Introduction Vairrun Strickland v. City of Markham (Seventh Circuit, decided June...

Fields v. CIR: Fifth Circuit Tightens § 2036(a) Bona Fide Sale Scrutiny for Deathbed FLP Discounts and Affirms “Too Good to Be True” Negligence Penalty

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Fields v. CIR: Fifth Circuit Tightens § 2036(a) Bona Fide Sale Scrutiny for Deathbed FLP Discounts and Affirms “Too Good to Be True” Negligence Penalty Court: United States Court of Appeals for the...

Claim Preclusion Bars Later Constitutional Challenges to a Municipal Repeat Offender Designation When Both Suits Arise from the Same Post-Disaster Code-Enforcement Transaction

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Claim Preclusion Bars Later Constitutional Challenges to a Municipal Repeat Offender Designation When Both Suits Arise from the Same Post-Disaster Code-Enforcement Transaction 1. Introduction In FBCC...

RICO Trade-Secret Theft Pleading: Modus Operandi Allegations and Other Lawsuits Can Support Open-Ended Continuity

Date: Jun 12, 2026

RICO Trade-Secret Theft Pleading: Modus Operandi Allegations and Other Lawsuits Can Support Open-Ended Continuity Case: EnvTech, Incorporated v. Patrick Andrew DeBusk Court: U.S. Court of Appeals for...

SFIP One-Year Suit Limitation Bars Untimely Coverage and Claims-Handling Disputes (Including State Bad-Faith Theories) Against WYO Carriers

Date: Jun 12, 2026

SFIP One-Year Suit Limitation Bars Untimely Coverage and Claims-Handling Disputes (Including State Bad-Faith Theories) Against WYO Carriers Case: Reynolds-Stevens v. Bankers Specialty Insurance...

AdvanceMed Audit Notice as Proof of Willfulness and Post-Charge Misconduct as Grounds for Upward Variance in Medicare Hospice Fraud

Date: Jun 12, 2026

AdvanceMed Audit Notice as Proof of Willfulness and Post-Charge Misconduct as Grounds for Upward Variance in Medicare Hospice Fraud Case: United States v. Akula (5th Cir. June 8, 2026) Court: United...

Disciplinary Referrals Alone May Not Provide Title VII Notice of Student-on-Teacher Harassment in Alternative Schools

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Disciplinary Referrals Alone May Not Provide Title VII Notice of Student-on-Teacher Harassment in Alternative Schools Case: Shelly Hudson v. Charleston County School District (4th Cir. June 9, 2026)...

“Whenever Made” Means What It Says: Broad Related-Claims Clauses Treat Later Suits as One Claim First Made in the Earliest Policy Period

Date: Jun 12, 2026

“Whenever Made” Means What It Says: Broad Related-Claims Clauses Treat Later Suits as One Claim First Made in the Earliest Policy Period Case: Navigators Specialty Insurance Company v. Avertest, LLC...

Equitable Tolling of Untimely Motions to Reopen Requires Fact-Specific Proof of Reasonable Diligence; No Remand for Alleged Sua Sponte Reopening Error Where Removability Is Certain After Intervening Precedent

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Equitable Tolling of Untimely Motions to Reopen Requires Fact-Specific Proof of Reasonable Diligence; No Remand for Alleged Sua Sponte Reopening Error Where Removability Is Certain After Intervening...

Odor of Marijuana and Flight Establish Probable Cause to Search a Vehicle’s Trunk; Within-Guidelines Sentences Need Not “Robotically Tick Through” § 3553(a)

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Odor of Marijuana and Flight Establish Probable Cause to Search a Vehicle’s Trunk; Within-Guidelines Sentences Need Not “Robotically Tick Through” § 3553(a) Introduction In United States v. Melvin...

Home Detention Must Substitute One-for-One for Imprisonment and Cannot Push Revocation Punishment Beyond § 3583(e)(3)’s Maximum

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Home Detention Must Substitute One-for-One for Imprisonment and Cannot Push Revocation Punishment Beyond § 3583(e)(3)’s Maximum Case: United States v. Mariel Watson (4th Cir. June 8, 2026)...

Consecutive Federal Sentences for Offenses Committed on State Parole Are Reasonable Under U.S.S.G. § 5G1.3(d) When the Court Adequately Addresses § 3553(a)

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Consecutive Federal Sentences for Offenses Committed on State Parole Are Reasonable Under U.S.S.G. § 5G1.3(d) When the Court Adequately Addresses § 3553(a) Introduction In United States v. Kevin...

Warrantless Cannabis Regulatory Inspections Upheld Under Burger; As-Applied Challenges Must Exhaust Administrative Remedies

Date: Jun 12, 2026

Warrantless Cannabis Regulatory Inspections Upheld Under Burger; As-Applied Challenges Must Exhaust Administrative Remedies 1. Introduction In Matter of Super Smoke N Save LLC v New York State...

People v. Everett: A Certificate of Compliance Is Not “Illusory” Merely Because Scientific Testing Was Not Yet Performed

Date: Jun 12, 2026

People v. Everett: A Certificate of Compliance Is Not “Illusory” Merely Because Scientific Testing Was Not Yet Performed Court: Appellate Division, Third Department (June 11, 2026) | Citation: 2026...