Puerto Rico Case Commentaries

§ 43-286 Procedures Are Triggered Only by a Motion to Revoke/Change Disposition; Denial of Sealing May Be Resolved Through § 43-2,108.03 Postdeprivation Process

Date: May 23, 2026

§ 43-286 Procedures Are Triggered Only by a Motion to Revoke/Change Disposition; Denial of Sealing May Be Resolved Through § 43-2,108.03 Postdeprivation Process Case: In re Interest of Mechi J., 321...

Wrongful-Death Accrual for Missing Patients: Limitations Period Begins at Judicial Declaration of Presumed Death

Date: May 23, 2026

Wrongful-Death Accrual for Missing Patients: Limitations Period Begins at Judicial Declaration of Presumed Death I. Introduction In Kindle Schneider, as temporary administrator for the Estate of...

Harassment Without Initiation: Purposeful “Personal Contact” Includes Choosing to Continue a Proximity Encounter, and § 664A.5 No-Contact Orders Require No Additional Findings Beyond a Qualifying Conviction

Date: May 23, 2026

Harassment Without Initiation: Purposeful “Personal Contact” Includes Choosing to Continue a Proximity Encounter, and § 664A.5 No-Contact Orders Require No Additional Findings Beyond a Qualifying...

Iowa Reaffirms Harmless-Error Review for Omitted/Misstated Elements in Jury Instructions

Date: May 23, 2026

Iowa Reaffirms Harmless-Error Review for Jury Instructions that Omit or Mischaracterize an Element (No Automatic Reversal Under the Iowa Constitution) State of Iowa v. Brian Todd Thompson (Iowa May...

Iowa Adopts the “Vicarious-Liability Preemption” Rule for Negligent Hiring/Retention/Supervision Claims

Date: May 23, 2026

Iowa Adopts the “Vicarious-Liability Preemption” Rule for Negligent Hiring/Retention/Supervision Claims Rhonda Baldwin, as executor of the Estate of Garrett O. Baldwin v. Central Iowa Hospital Corp.,...

Bright v. Yenchko: Pleadings Control the Scope of Constitutional Relief; Moot FOID Reinstatement Claims Must Be Dismissed and Overbroad Facial Invalidations Vacated

Date: May 23, 2026

Bright v. Yenchko: Pleadings Control the Scope of Constitutional Relief; Moot FOID Reinstatement Claims Must Be Dismissed and Overbroad Facial Invalidations Vacated 1. Introduction Bright v. Yenchko,...

Distinct Confrontation-Clause Objections Preserve Error; On-Scene “Ongoing Emergency” Statements After a Shooting Are Non-Testimonial

Date: May 23, 2026

Distinct Confrontation-Clause Objections Preserve Error; On-Scene “Ongoing Emergency” Statements After a Shooting Are Non-Testimonial 1. Introduction In State of West Virginia v. Heath Allen Rose...

Claim-Specific Rooker-Feldman: General Constitutional Challenges Survive, but Requests to Enjoin Enforcement of a Specific Child Support Order Do Not

Date: May 23, 2026

Claim-Specific Rooker-Feldman: General Constitutional Challenges Survive, but Requests to Enjoin Enforcement of a Specific Child Support Order Do Not 1. Introduction Balderama v. Bulman (10th Cir....

Marijuana Odor Alone Sustains Reasonable Suspicion to Prolong a Traffic Stop and Probable Cause to Search a Vehicle Under the Automobile Exception

Date: May 23, 2026

Marijuana Odor Alone Sustains Reasonable Suspicion to Prolong a Traffic Stop and Probable Cause to Search a Vehicle Under the Automobile Exception 1. Introduction United States v. Jalen McIntyre...

Single-Incident Evidence and Unrelated Lawsuits Do Not Prove a Monell “Custom” of Delayed Outside Referrals for Jail Medical Care

Date: May 23, 2026

Single-Incident Evidence and Unrelated Lawsuits Do Not Prove a Monell “Custom” of Delayed Outside Referrals for Jail Medical Care Case: David Windom v. Orange County (11th Cir. May 21, 2026)...

Illinois Issue Preclusion Survives Severance: Section 3-4(b)(2) and Common Law Bar Relitigation of Facts Despite Defendant-Requested Severance

Date: May 23, 2026

Illinois Issue Preclusion Survives Severance: Section 3-4(b)(2) and Common Law Bar Relitigation of Facts Despite Defendant-Requested Severance Case: People v. Collins, 2026 IL 131300 Court: Supreme...

People v. Carroll: Postconviction Forfeiture Depends on the Appellate Record, Not the Defendant’s Knowledge

Date: May 23, 2026

Postconviction Forfeiture Depends on the Appellate Record, Not the Defendant’s Knowledge Case: People v. Carroll, 2026 IL 131360 (Ill. May 21, 2026) Court: Supreme Court of Illinois Author: Justice...

Insurance Policy “Prejudice” Clause Controls 24‑Hour Police-Report شرط in Hit-and-Run UM Claims

Date: May 23, 2026

Insurance Policy “Prejudice” Clause Controls 24‑Hour Police-Report Condition in Hit-and-Run UM Claims 1. Introduction In Danny J. Dobbins and Jackie L. Dobbins v. West Virginia National Auto...

Rule 11(c)(1)(C) Plea Sentences and Anders Appeals: Jurisdictional Limits and Language-Access Compliance in the Tenth Circuit

Date: May 23, 2026

Rule 11(c)(1)(C) Plea Sentences and Anders Appeals: Jurisdictional Limits and Language-Access Compliance in the Tenth Circuit I. Introduction United States v. Gamboa-Saenz (10th Cir. May 21, 2026) is...

PHMSA May Not Use MAOP Calculation Rules as Backdoor Recordkeeping Requirements; “Consider” Duties in Integrity Management Do Not Mandate a Specific ILI Tool

Date: May 23, 2026

PHMSA May Not Use MAOP Calculation Rules as Backdoor Recordkeeping Requirements; “Consider” Duties in Integrity Management Do Not Mandate a Specific ILI Tool I. Introduction In Florida Gas...

Vehicular-Evasion Felony as a Second Amendment “Dangerousness” Marker for As-Applied § 922(g)(1) Challenges

Date: May 23, 2026

Vehicular-Evasion Felony as a Second Amendment “Dangerousness” Marker for As-Applied § 922(g)(1) Challenges Case: United States v. Cordova (5th Cir. May 20, 2026) Court: United States Court of...

Renewed Homeowners Policies Are Separate Contracts: “Continuous Coverage” Does Not Excuse Proving a Covered Time of Loss

Date: May 23, 2026

Renewed Homeowners Policies Are Separate Contracts: “Continuous Coverage” Does Not Excuse Proving a Covered Time of Loss I. Introduction Thompson v. State Farm Lloyds (5th Cir. May 20, 2026)...

United States v. Ortiz — Pattern-and-Surveillance Circumstantial Proof Sustains § 1365 Tampering and § 331(k) Drug-Adulteration Convictions; Graphic 404(b) Death Evidence Deemed Harmless with Limiting Instructions

Date: May 23, 2026

Pattern-and-Surveillance Circumstantial Proof Sustains § 1365 Tampering and § 331(k) Drug-Adulteration Convictions; Graphic 404(b) Death Evidence Deemed Harmless with Limiting Instructions Case:...

Per‑Debtor $25 Million Supersedeas Cap and a Presumptive 20‑Day Cure Period After an Insufficient Bond Finding

Date: May 23, 2026

Per‑Debtor $25 Million Supersedeas Cap and a Presumptive 20‑Day Cure Period After an Insufficient Bond Finding Case: In re Greystar Development & Construction, L.P.; Gabriella Tower, LLC; and...

State v. Mincey (N.C. 2026): N.C.G.S. § 15A-1444(a2)(3) Does Not Create an Appeal of Right to Attack the Validity of a Guilty Plea to Habitual Felon Status; Review Lies Only by Certiorari

Date: May 23, 2026

State v. Mincey (N.C. 2026): N.C.G.S. § 15A-1444(a2)(3) Does Not Create an Appeal of Right to Attack the Validity of a Guilty Plea to Habitual Felon Status; Review Lies Only by Certiorari Court:...