Puerto Rico Case Commentaries

Federal Rule 8 Governs Pleading of Underlying Tort for Georgia Negligent-Retention Claims in Federal Court

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Federal Rule 8 Governs Pleading of Underlying Tort for Georgia Negligent-Retention Claims in Federal Court 1. Introduction In Syurii-Kiaira Smith v. Birge & Held Property Management, LLC, the...

Law-of-the-Case Bars Renewed Rule 404(b) Admissibility Challenges on Retrial; “Same Sentence Anyway” Renders Guidelines Disputes Non-Dispositive if Substantively Reasonable

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Law-of-the-Case Bars Renewed Rule 404(b) Admissibility Challenges on Retrial; “Same Sentence Anyway” Renders Guidelines Disputes Non-Dispositive if Substantively Reasonable Case: United States v....

Promptly Corrected “Verdict Must Be Guilty” Misstatement Is Not Structural Error; Gang-Affiliation Spillover and Joint-Trial Severance Require Specific Objections and Compelling Prejudice

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Promptly Corrected “Verdict Must Be Guilty” Misstatement Is Not Structural Error; Gang-Affiliation Spillover and Joint-Trial Severance Require Specific Objections and Compelling Prejudice Case:...

Eleventh Circuit Reaffirms § 922(g)(1)’s Constitutionality Post-Bruen/Rahimi and Upholds an Above-Guidelines Sentence Based on Deterrence and Public Protection

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Eleventh Circuit Reaffirms § 922(g)(1)’s Constitutionality Post-Bruen/Rahimi and Upholds an Above-Guidelines Sentence Based on Deterrence and Public Protection I. Introduction In United States v....

District Courts May Deny Amendment 821 § 3582(c)(2) Reductions Based on § 3553(a) Assessment of Evasive/Jettison Conduct Even Without a § 3C1.1 Obstruction Enhancement

Date: Sep 12, 2026

District Courts May Deny Amendment 821 § 3582(c)(2) Reductions Based on § 3553(a) Assessment of Evasive/Jettison Conduct Even Without a § 3C1.1 Obstruction Enhancement 1. Introduction In United...

Georgia Choice-of-Law + AAA Rules Does Not Displace FAA Review Absent an Explicit Opt-Out (and Silence at Arbitration Can Waive the Objection)

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Georgia Choice-of-Law + AAA Rules Does Not Displace FAA Review Absent an Explicit Opt-Out (and Silence at Arbitration Can Waive the Objection) 1. Introduction Univabs Solutions Private Limited (an...

Tenth Circuit Tightens Pleading and Causation Requirements for § 1983 Malicious Prosecution Based on Affidavit Defects and Requires Post-Disposition Reassessment of Supplemental Jurisdiction

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Tenth Circuit Tightens Pleading and Causation Requirements for § 1983 Malicious Prosecution Based on Affidavit Defects and Requires Post-Disposition Reassessment of Supplemental Jurisdiction 1....

Post-Removal Mootness of § 2241 Detention Challenges and Issue Preservation Limits on Third-Country Removal Claims

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Post-Removal Mootness of § 2241 Detention Challenges and Issue Preservation Limits on Third-Country Removal Claims 1. Introduction Case: Mario Javier Cedeno-Gonzalez v. Markwayne Mullin, et al....

PLRA Exhaustion at Summary Judgment: Defendants Must Prove When the Grievance Clock Starts When Notice of Finality Is Disputed

Date: Sep 12, 2026

PLRA Exhaustion at Summary Judgment: Defendants Must Prove When the Grievance Clock Starts When Notice of Finality Is Disputed Case: Danyale Tubbs v. Sherry Payton (6th Cir. Sept. 10, 2026)...

Pass-Through Owner Claims: Liquidated-Damages Caps Limit Only Delay Damages, Not Direct Damages Absent an Express Waiver

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Pass-Through Owner Claims: Liquidated-Damages Caps Limit Only Delay Damages, Not Direct Damages Absent an Express Waiver I. Introduction Gamma USA, Inc. v. Pavarini McGovern, LLC (Appellate Division,...

Component Safety-System Designers May Face Design-Defect Liability Despite OEM Specifications and Post-Sale Wiring Modifications (Hoeben v FCA US LLC)

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Component Safety-System Designers May Face Design-Defect Liability Despite OEM Specifications and Post-Sale Wiring Modifications Case: Hoeben v FCA US LLC, 2026 NY Slip Op 05238 (App Div 1st Dept...

Reciprocal Discipline in New York: Deference to Foreign Sanctions and Public Censure for False Statements to Tribunals

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Reciprocal Discipline in New York: Deference to Foreign Sanctions and Public Censure for False Statements to Tribunals 1. Introduction Matter of Bernstein (2026 NY Slip Op 05239 [1st Dept Sept. 10,...

Judiciary Law § 773 Requires Indemnifying Fines for Actual (Including Non-Pecuniary) Harm from OMH’s Delayed CPL Article 730 Transfer

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Judiciary Law § 773 Requires Indemnifying Fines for Actual (Including Non-Pecuniary) Harm from OMH’s Delayed CPL Article 730 Transfer 1. Introduction People v G.O. (2026 NY Slip Op 05242 [1st Dept...

State Bar Charges as Predicate “Civil Proceedings” for WICP; Privilege Is Not Complainant Immunity; Commencement Under Rules 55 and 78

Date: Sep 12, 2026

State Bar Charges as Predicate “Civil Proceedings” for WICP; Privilege Is Not Complainant Immunity; Commencement Under Rules 55 and 78 Case: ACCURSIO v. TREE HOUSE LABS, LLC (Ariz. Sept. 10, 2026)...

Failure to Maintain Biennial Attorney Registration Warrants Immediate Suspension as Conduct Prejudicial to the Administration of Justice

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Failure to Maintain Biennial Attorney Registration Warrants Immediate Suspension as Conduct Prejudicial to the Administration of Justice 1. Introduction In Matter of Attorneys in Violation of...

Reciprocal Discipline in New York: Failure to Report Foreign Sanctions as an Aggravator and Reinstatement Conditioned on Foreign Reinstatement (Matter of Lento)

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Reciprocal Discipline in New York: Failure to Report Foreign Sanctions as an Aggravator and Reinstatement Conditioned on Foreign Reinstatement (Matter of Lento) 1. Introduction Matter of Lento...

Section 7342(b)’s 30-Day Deadline Is Mandatory: Bass “Non-Negligent Happenstance” Nunc Pro Tunc Relief Disapproved Absent Statutory Text

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Section 7342(b)’s 30-Day Deadline Is Mandatory: Bass “Non-Negligent Happenstance” Nunc Pro Tunc Relief Disapproved Absent Statutory Text Case: Patrick J. Carr, Aplts. v. FCBC (Carr v. First...

State v. Peterson: CrR 7.8(b)(5) Reaches Criminal “Orders,” but Due Process Does Not Require Refund of Voluntary Drug Court Participation Fees After Blake

Date: Sep 12, 2026

State v. Peterson: CrR 7.8(b)(5) Reaches Criminal “Orders,” but Due Process Does Not Require Refund of Voluntary Drug Court Participation Fees After Blake 1. Introduction Parties: The State of...

Political Parties Have Discretion to Fill Post-Primary Nominee Vacancies Under §§ 32-623 and 32-627

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Political Parties Have Discretion to Fill Post-Primary Nominee Vacancies Under §§ 32-623 and 32-627 1. Introduction In Forbes v. Nebraska Democratic Party, 322 Neb. 282 (Sept. 10, 2026), the Nebraska...

Single-Subject Rule Limits “Initiative-Protection” Amendments: Process Strict-Scrutiny + Post-Enactment Supermajority Is Multiple Subjects

Date: Sep 12, 2026

Single-Subject Rule Limits “Initiative-Protection” Amendments: Process Strict-Scrutiny + Post-Enactment Supermajority Is Multiple Subjects Case: State ex rel. Davis v. Evnen, 322 Neb. 256 (Neb. Sept....