Pattern Jury Instructions Do Not Expand “Minimum Conduct” Under the Categorical Approach: Oregon Second-Degree Assault Remains a Guidelines “Crime of Violence” Despite the Discredited “Natural and...
United States v. Aguilar: Under 18 U.S.C. §§ 2244(a)(3) and 2246(3), Each Intentional Touching of an Enumerated Body Part Is a Separate “Unit of Prosecution” (No Merger for a Single Encounter)...
Villecco v. Kennedy: Pro Se Appellants Forfeit Review When They Offer Only Conclusory Assertions and Fail to Adequately Brief Error 1. Introduction In Villecco v. Kennedy (10th Cir. Mar. 6, 2026),...
Rule 60(b) “Omitted-Claim” Motions Are Successive § 2254 Petitions Requiring § 2244(b) Authorization I. Introduction In Bethel v. Louthan (10th Cir. Mar. 5, 2026) (unpublished order), Oklahoma inmate...
Rule 12(c)(3) Good-Cause Requirement Bars Untimely Suppression Challenges on Direct Appeal (Anders Disposition) Introduction In United States v. Cooks (10th Cir. Mar. 5, 2026) (unpublished “Order and...
Advance-Payment CROA Claims Require Concrete Harm: No Standing When Services Precede Payment and Provide Equal or Greater Value Case: Ensminger v. Credit Law Center (No. 25-3009) | Court: United...
Eaves v. Polis: Transfer Within a Prison System Does Not Moot Systemwide Injunction Claims; Colorado Governor Has Ex Parte Young “Enforcement Connection” Over CDOC 1. Introduction Case: Eaves v....
Post-Removal § 2241 Habeas Jurisdiction: Supervised Release and Collateral Consequences Do Not Satisfy “In Custody” for Immigration-Process Challenges Introduction In Moreno v. Attorney General,...
Sex-Segregated Public Elementary Classes Violate Clearly Established Equal Protection (Qualified Immunity Denied) I. Introduction Stepp v. Lockhart (10th Cir. Mar. 3, 2026) arises from Talihina...
COA Denial Where Padilla Claim Depends on Disputing Credibility-Based Findings of Deportation Advice Introduction In United States v. Akinsanya (10th Cir. Mar. 3, 2026), the Tenth Circuit denied...
Unpreserved § 2S1.1(a)(1) vs. (a)(2) Disputes Fail on Plain-Error Review When “Additional Involvement” Is Reasonably Debatable Case: United States v. Idowu (10th Cir. Mar. 3, 2026) (Order and...
United States v. Mayfield: Perjury Sufficiency Must Rest on a Prosecutor-Argued False Statement; “Blip” Doyle References Do Not Establish Plain-Error Prejudice Introduction Case: United States v....
Stepp v. Lockhart: Brown and United States v. Virginia Clearly Establish that Sex-Segregated Public Elementary Classrooms Violate Equal Protection (and Limit Qualified Immunity) I. Introduction Stepp...
Sex-Based Segregation in Public Elementary Classrooms Violates Equal Protection with “Obvious Clarity” Under Brown and Virginia, Defeating Qualified Immunity Case: Stepp v. McClain, Nos. 25-7038 &...
NEPA FONSI Does Not Preclude NPATMA “Significant Adverse Impacts” Finding for Air Tour Bans I. Introduction Adams v. FAA (10th Cir. Mar. 3, 2026) arises from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)...
United States v. Atkins: No Plain-Error Relief for Unobjected-to Lay Opinion Implying Guilt Without a Showing of Prejudice Introduction United States v. Atkins (10th Cir. Mar. 3, 2026) arises from a...
Guideline Range Corrected After Sentencing Recess: Same Term May Be Reimposed as an Upward Variance if Independently Supported by § 3553(a) Introduction In United States v. Saunders (10th Cir. Feb....
Berry v. Bondi: No Waiver of Federal-Sector Title VII Exhaustion Defense by Mere Acceptance and Investigation of an Untimely EEO Complaint Introduction Parties and posture. Former FBI Special Agent...
Appellate Waiver of Unchallenged Alternative Grounds and Particularized “Clearly Established” Law in Fourth Amendment Qualified-Immunity Appeals Case: Blackmore v. Carlson (No. 24-4074) | Court: U.S....
Pretext at Summary Judgment Requires Affirmative Evidence—Credibility Attacks, Speculative Comparator Proof, and “Stellar Performance” Are Insufficient Under the NMHRA Case: Sousa v. Chipotle...