Puerto Rico Case Commentaries

Whitton v. State (Fla. 2026): Due-Diligence “Discoverability” (Not Later Testimony) Triggers the One-Year Window for Successive Newly-Discovered-Evidence Claims in Capital Postconviction

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Whitton v. State (Fla. 2026): Due-Diligence “Discoverability” (Not Later Testimony) Triggers the One-Year Window for Successive Newly-Discovered-Evidence Claims in Capital Postconviction Case: Gary...

Hard-40 Sentences Are “Complete” Without an Express Parole Pronouncement; Erroneous Postrelease Supervision Terms Must Be Corrected Nunc Pro Tunc

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Hard-40 Sentences Are “Complete” Without an Express Parole Pronouncement; Erroneous Postrelease Supervision Terms Must Be Corrected Nunc Pro Tunc I. Introduction In State v. Brown (Kan. 2026-06-18),...

Particularized Knowledge of a High-Probability Hazard Is Required to Pierce Co-Employee Immunity Under Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 27-14-104(a)

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Particularized Knowledge of a High-Probability Hazard Is Required to Pierce Co-Employee Immunity Under Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 27-14-104(a) Introduction In Dusty Courtney v. Kenneth Meyer, 2026 WY 67 (June...

Independent Reasonable Suspicion Survives: An Officer Need Not End a Traffic Stop When One of Multiple Bases Is Extinguished

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Independent Reasonable Suspicion Survives: An Officer Need Not End a Traffic Stop When One of Multiple Bases Is Extinguished 1. Introduction In State v. Mathis, Slip Opinion No. 2026-Ohio-2269 (June...

People v. Guerra: Ineffective Assistance Where a Stipulation Effectively Concedes Mens Rea in CSAM Promotion/Possession Trials

Date: Jun 19, 2026

People v. Guerra: Ineffective Assistance Where a Stipulation Effectively Concedes Mens Rea in CSAM Promotion/Possession Trials Court: New York Court of Appeals (Halligan, J.) Citation: 2026 NY Slip...

Relocation Denied Where a Child’s Autism-Related Need for Stability and Established Family Bonds Outweighs Economic Upside

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Relocation Denied Where a Child’s Autism-Related Need for Stability and Established Family Bonds Outweighs Economic Upside 1. Introduction Matter of Elya L. v Aaron L. (2026 NY Slip Op 03864) is a...

Fee-for-Service Contractors Are Not FOIL “Agencies” Absent Governmental Control: Matter of Ryan v Watershed Agricultural Council

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Fee-for-Service Contractors Are Not FOIL “Agencies” Absent Governmental Control 1. Introduction Matter of Ryan v Watershed Agric. Council of the N.Y. City Watersheds, Inc. (2026 NY Slip Op 03853 [3d...

EDPL Not Implicated Absent an “Acquisition”: Municipal Roadway Guardrails Within the Right-of-Way Do Not State a Takings Claim

Date: Jun 19, 2026

EDPL Not Implicated Absent an “Acquisition”: Municipal Roadway Guardrails Within the Right-of-Way Do Not State a Takings Claim Case: Draina v Town of Ballston, 2026 NY Slip Op 03863 (App Div 3d Dept...

Guild Ventures, LLC v. Kenwood Commons, LLC — Commentary

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Deficiency Judgments in New York Foreclosures: Speculative Redevelopment Potential Does Not Inflate “Fair Market Value,” and Unpaid Tax Liens Exceeding Sale Proceeds Do Not Void the Sale 1....

Mandatory DCJS Registry Reporting Is Qualifiedly Privileged Absent Actual Malice; Settlement Confidentiality Does Not Bar Nonspecific Personnel-File References

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Mandatory DCJS Registry Reporting Is Qualifiedly Privileged Absent Actual Malice; Settlement Confidentiality Does Not Bar Nonspecific Personnel-File References Introduction In Carpenter v City of...

Post-Warrant Claims Must Satisfy Rule 3.851 Discoverability; No Eighth Amendment Elderly Exemption in Florida

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Post-Warrant Claims Must Satisfy Rule 3.851 Discoverability; No Eighth Amendment Elderly Exemption in Florida I. Introduction In Dusty Ray Spencer v. State of Florida (Fla. June 18, 2026), the...

“As Is, Where Is” Auction Disclaimers Defeat Condition-Based Claims Absent Proof of a Specific Pre-Sale Representation and Reliance

Date: Jun 19, 2026

“As Is, Where Is” Auction Disclaimers Defeat Condition-Based Claims Absent Proof of a Specific Pre-Sale Representation and Reliance Case: Lovett, Charles v. Bayshore Ford Truck Sales, Inc. Court:...

Settlement Stipulation and Acquiescence Can Establish Common-Law Dedication of a Public Trail

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Settlement Stipulation and Acquiescence Can Establish Common-Law Dedication of a Public Trail 1. Introduction In John Gerlach and Debra Gerlach v. Town of Chittenden (2026 VT 25), the Vermont Supreme...

Mere Knowledge of a Competing Deal Is Not “Inducement”: Nebraska Clarifies Tortious Interference and Reinforces Competitor’s Privilege

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Mere Knowledge of a Competing Deal Is Not “Inducement”: Nebraska Clarifies Tortious Interference and Reinforces Competitor’s Privilege 1. Introduction Bar at the Yard v. Friends Family, 321 Neb. 606...

ERA’s Age-Equality Guarantee Does Not Implicitly Repeal New York’s Mandatory Judicial Retirement Rule

Date: Jun 19, 2026

ERA’s Age-Equality Guarantee Does Not Implicitly Repeal New York’s Mandatory Judicial Retirement Rule Introduction Matter of Miller v. State of New York (2026 NY Slip Op 03907) presented the New York...

No Common-Law Duty on Adjoining Owners to Prevent Excavation Stop-Work Delays; Pure Economic Loss Unrecoverable

Date: Jun 19, 2026

No Common-Law Duty on Adjoining Owners to Prevent Excavation Stop-Work Delays; Pure Economic Loss Unrecoverable 1. Introduction In 1992 Third Realty LLC v Third Ave NY Realty LLC (2026 NY Slip Op...

EMS and Ambulance Companies Are Not “Providers of Health Care” (and Ambulances Are Not “Clinics”) Under NRS Chapter 41A

Date: Jun 19, 2026

EMS and Ambulance Companies Are Not “Providers of Health Care” (and Ambulances Are Not “Clinics”) Under NRS Chapter 41A 1. Introduction In RBR Management, LLC v. The Eighth Judicial District Court of...

Scientific Consensus on Late Brain Development Is Not “Newly Discovered Evidence” in Successive Florida Death-Penalty Postconviction Motions

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Scientific Consensus on Late Brain Development Is Not “Newly Discovered Evidence” in Successive Florida Death-Penalty Postconviction Motions I. Introduction In Harold Lee Harvey, Jr. v. State of...

Ohio “Blue Sky” Rescission Liability Requires a Sale-Nexus: Routine Post‑Sale Brokerage Services Are Not “Participat[ing] in or Aid[ing] … in Making” an Unlawful Sale Under R.C. 1707.43(A)

Date: Jun 19, 2026

Ohio “Blue Sky” Rescission Liability Requires a Sale-Nexus: Routine Post‑Sale Brokerage Services Are Not “Participat[ing] in or Aid[ing] … in Making” an Unlawful Sale Under R.C. 1707.43(A) I....

People v. Scott: Continuing Menace and Retained Control Can Supply the “Immediate Force” Element of Robbery

Date: Jun 19, 2026

People v. Scott: Continuing Menace and Retained Control Can Supply the “Immediate Force” Element of Robbery 1. Introduction Case: People v Scott, 2026 NY Slip Op 03844 (App Div 3d Dept June 18,...