Puerto Rico Case Commentaries

Recusal in Rhode Island Family Court: Docket Management Delays and Adverse Rulings Do Not Establish Disqualifying Bias

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Recusal in Rhode Island Family Court: Docket Management Delays and Adverse Rulings Do Not Establish Disqualifying Bias Introduction In Kelly K. Fitzgerald v. James W.A. Jackson (R.I. June 25, 2026),...

Rule 8(a) Requires a Cognizable Injury and a Demand for Relief; Repeated Defective Amendments Justify Denial of Further Leave

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Rule 8(a) Requires a Cognizable Injury and a Demand for Relief; Repeated Defective Amendments Justify Denial of Further Leave 1. Introduction In Rahim Caldwell v. George Pearson et al. (R.I. June 30,...

Premature Entry of Final Divorce Judgment (Same-Day DPEFJ) Is Procedural Error, Not a Void Judgment Under Rule 60(b)(4)

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Premature Entry of Final Divorce Judgment (Same-Day DPEFJ) Is Procedural Error, Not a Void Judgment Under Rule 60(b)(4) I. Introduction Ana Varela v. Daniel M. Monteiro (R.I. June 30, 2026) arose...

Voluntary-Manslaughter Instruction Required on a Rational View of the Evidence—Even with Defendant Misconduct; Failure to Instruct Not Harmless Under Yeager

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Voluntary-Manslaughter Instruction Required on a Rational View of the Evidence—Even with Defendant Misconduct; Failure to Instruct Not Harmless Under Yeager Case: People of Michigan v. Kristopher...

Colorado Single-Subject Rule: Mid-Decade Redistricting Authority and Adoption of a Specific Map Are Distinct Subjects in One Initiative

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Colorado Single-Subject Rule: Mid-Decade Redistricting Authority and Adoption of a Specific Map Are Distinct Subjects in One Initiative Case: In the Matter of the Title, Ballot Title, and Submission...

Interdependent Initiatives Contingent on Each Other Violate Colorado’s Single-Subject Rule

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Interdependent Initiatives Contingent on Each Other Violate Colorado’s Single-Subject Rule Introduction In 2026 CO 58 (June 29, 2026), the Colorado Supreme Court decided three consolidated original...

Mid-Decade Redistricting Authorization and Adoption of a Specific Congressional Map Are Separate Subjects Under Colorado’s Single-Subject Rule

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Mid-Decade Redistricting Authorization and Adoption of a Specific Congressional Map Are Separate Subjects Under Colorado’s Single-Subject Rule Court: Colorado Supreme Court Citation: 2026 CO 57 (June...

Colorado Single-Subject Rule: An Initiative Is Multi-Subject When Its Effectiveness Is Conditioned on Passage of a Separate Initiative (2026 CO 58)

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Colorado Single-Subject Rule: An Initiative Is Multi-Subject When Its Effectiveness Is Conditioned on Passage of a Separate Initiative Case: In the Matter of the Title, Ballot Title, and Submission...

Colorado Single-Subject Rule: Interlocking Initiatives Contingent on Each Other’s Passage Are Multi-Subject

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Colorado Single-Subject Rule: Interlocking Initiatives Contingent on Each Other’s Passage Are Multi-Subject Introduction In 2026 CO 58 (June 29, 2026), the Colorado Supreme Court decided three...

People v. Ceus (2026 CO 59): Harmless Omission of the “Child Abuse Resulting in Death” Enhancer Finding and Clarification that “Results In” Imposes But-For (Not Proximate) Causation

Date: Jul 2, 2026

People v. Ceus (2026 CO 59): Harmless Omission of the “Child Abuse Resulting in Death” Enhancer Finding and Clarification that “Results In” Imposes But-For (Not Proximate) Causation Introduction...

Colorado “Major Purpose” for Issue-Committee Status: Holistic, Factor-Guided Inquiry with Aggregation Across Ballot Measures

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Colorado “Major Purpose” for Issue-Committee Status: Holistic, Factor-Guided Inquiry with Aggregation Across Ballot Measures Introduction Unite for Colorado v. Department of State, 2026 CO 56 (Colo....

“Good to Go” + Return of Documents Marks the Rodriguez Moment and Converts Post-Stop Questioning into a Consensual Encounter (10th Cir.)

Date: Jul 2, 2026

“Good to Go” + Return of Documents Marks the Rodriguez Moment and Converts Post-Stop Questioning into a Consensual Encounter (10th Cir.) I. Introduction In United States v. Rodriguez (10th Cir. June...

Public Outcry Against a Religious Bidder Is Not Enough: Equal Protection/Free Exercise Claims Require Evidence the Decisionmaker Bowed to Bias (and “Irregularities” Must Be Real)

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Public Outcry Against a Religious Bidder Is Not Enough: Equal Protection/Free Exercise Claims Require Evidence the Decisionmaker Bowed to Bias (and “Irregularities” Must Be Real) I. Introduction...

Article III Adversity Bars Facial § 1983 Challenges Against State Judges Acting as Neutral Firearms-Licensing Adjudicators

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Article III Adversity Bars Facial § 1983 Challenges Against State Judges Acting as Neutral Firearms-Licensing Adjudicators 1. Introduction Kellogg v. Nichols arises from New York’s handgun licensing...

Florida Probate Rules Conformed to Renamed Rule 2.516 (“Service”) and Rule 2.525 (“Filing”) and Updated for Modern Rule-Drafting Standards

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Florida Probate Rules Conformed to Renamed Rule 2.516 (“Service”) and Rule 2.525 (“Filing”) and Updated for Modern Rule-Drafting Standards 1) Introduction In In Re: Amendments to Florida Probate...

City of Grand Junction v. Nicola: Section 13-81-103(1)(b) Imposes a One-Year Survival-Claim Deadline Upon Death of a Person Under Disability, Regardless of Legal Representative Appointment

Date: Jul 2, 2026

City of Grand Junction v. Nicola: Section 13-81-103(1)(b) Imposes a One-Year Survival-Claim Deadline Upon Death of a Person Under Disability, Regardless of Legal Representative Appointment Court:...

Sablan v. CUC (2026 MP 5): Inverse Condemnation Is Time-Barred Only After Survey-Ascertainable Accrual; Public Corporations Without Eminent-Domain Authority May Owe Just Compensation; Partial Takings Require Before-and-After Valuation

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Sablan v. CUC (2026 MP 5): Inverse Condemnation Is Time-Barred Only After Survey-Ascertainable Accrual; Public Corporations Without Eminent-Domain Authority May Owe Just Compensation; Partial Takings...

Tenth Circuit: 8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(2)(A) Mandatory Detention Is Border-Limited; Interior Unadmitted Noncitizens Fall Under § 1226(a) and Are Bond-Eligible

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Tenth Circuit: 8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(2)(A) Mandatory Detention Is Border-Limited; Interior Unadmitted Noncitizens Fall Under § 1226(a) and Are Bond-Eligible Introduction Quiroz v. Mullin is a published...

Tenth Circuit: Adult-Pornography Bans on Supervised Release Require Evidence-Based Nexus and Narrow Tailoring Beyond “Online Age-Confusion”

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Tenth Circuit: Adult-Pornography Bans on Supervised Release Require Evidence-Based Nexus and Narrow Tailoring Beyond “Online Age-Confusion” Introduction In United States v. Caraballo (10th Cir. June...

Due Process Requires the Government to Disprove Imperfect Self-Defense Beyond a Reasonable Doubt When the Theory Is Submitted to the Jury

Date: Jul 2, 2026

Due Process Requires the Government to Disprove Imperfect Self-Defense Beyond a Reasonable Doubt When the Theory Is Submitted to the Jury Introduction In United States v. Lynn (10th Cir. June 30,...