Supreme Court Case Commentaries

The Two-Hour Rule and Written Grounds of Arrest: Supreme Court’s Pan-Statutory Framework under Article 22(1)

Date: Nov 7, 2025

The Two-Hour Rule and Written Grounds of Arrest: A Pan-Statutory Framework under Article 22(1) Introduction In a landmark judgment in Mihir Rajesh Shah v. State of Maharashtra and Another (2025 INSC...

Who Can Appeal an Acquittal in a CBI Case? Supreme Court Reaffirms Central Government’s Exclusive Locus Under Section 378(2) CrPC and Sets a Liberal Standard for Condoning CBI Delays; Victim’s Appeal Held Prospective

Date: Nov 7, 2025

Who Can Appeal an Acquittal in a CBI Case? Supreme Court Reaffirms Central Government’s Exclusive Locus Under Section 378(2) CrPC and Sets a Liberal Standard for Condoning CBI Delays; Victim’s Appeal...

“Arbitration” in Name Is Not Arbitration in Law: Supreme Court holds internal, non‑final processes do not meet Section 7; post‑notice correspondence cannot cure the absence of an arbitration agreement

Date: Nov 7, 2025

“Arbitration” in Name Is Not Arbitration in Law: Supreme Court holds internal, non‑final processes do not meet Section 7; post‑notice correspondence cannot cure the absence of an arbitration...

Non‑Disclosure of Criminal Conviction in Nomination Affidavit Is Presumptively Fatal; Subsequent Acquittal Irrelevant — Poonam v. Dule Singh (2025 INSC 1284)

Date: Nov 7, 2025

Non‑Disclosure of Criminal Conviction in Nomination Affidavit Is Presumptively Fatal; Subsequent Acquittal Irrelevant — Poonam v. Dule Singh (2025 INSC 1284) Introduction In Poonam v. Dule Singh &...

Nullity of Appellate Decrees Passed After Death of All Appellants: Trial Decree Remains Executable Despite “Merger” — Vikram Bhalchandra Ghongade v. State of Maharashtra (2025 INSC 1283)

Date: Nov 7, 2025

Nullity of Appellate Decrees Passed After Death of All Appellants: Trial Decree Remains Executable Despite “Merger” Case: Vikram Bhalchandra Ghongade v. The State of Maharashtra & Ors., 2025 INSC...

Registered Release Self‑Operative; Unregistered Palupatti Admissible for Collateral Proof of Severance; Pre‑2004 Disruption Freezes Coparcenary Claims — Commentary on P. Anjanappa (D) by LRs v. A.P. Nanjundappa, 2025 INSC 1286

Date: Nov 7, 2025

Registered Release Self‑Operative; Unregistered Palupatti Admissible for Collateral Proof of Severance; Pre‑2004 Disruption Freezes Coparcenary Claims — Supreme Court in P. Anjanappa (D) by LRs v....

Mixed-Use Is Enabling, Not Mandatory: Supreme Court affirms right to reconstruct purely residential houses on notified mixed-use streets under MPD‑2021

Date: Nov 7, 2025

Mixed-Use Is Enabling, Not Mandatory: Supreme Court affirms right to reconstruct purely residential houses on notified mixed-use streets under MPD‑2021 Case: South Delhi Municipal Corporation through...

Substance Over Semantics in Section 156(3) CrPC: Supreme Court Restores FIR and Limits Premature Quashing under Section 482 — Commentary on Sadiq B. Hanchinmani v. State of Karnataka (2025 INSC 1282)

Date: Nov 5, 2025

Substance Over Semantics in Section 156(3) CrPC: Supreme Court Restores FIR and Limits Premature Quashing under Section 482 — Commentary on Sadiq B. Hanchinmani v. State of Karnataka (2025 INSC 1282)...

Chapter VI Trumps Section 88: Supreme Court Reaffirms Bar on Countersignature of Inter‑State Permits Overlapping Notified Intra‑State Routes and Sets a Coordination Framework for MP–UP

Date: Nov 5, 2025

Chapter VI Trumps Section 88: Supreme Court Reaffirms Bar on Countersignature of Inter‑State Permits Overlapping Notified Intra‑State Routes and Sets a Coordination Framework for MP–UP Introduction...

The Business Judgment Rule at the Enforcement Stage: Section 47 CPC objections to arbitral award execution confined to nullity; FIR/alleged internal fraud insufficient — MMTC Ltd. v. Anglo American Metallurgical Coal Pvt. Ltd. (2025 INSC 1279)

Date: Nov 4, 2025

The Business Judgment Rule at the Enforcement Stage: Section 47 CPC objections to arbitral award execution confined to nullity; FIR/alleged internal fraud insufficient — MMTC Ltd. v. Anglo American...

Undue Delay That Taints and “Unworkable” Arbitral Awards: Supreme Court’s Test and Article 142 Cure in Lancor Holdings Ltd. v. Prem Kumar Menon (2025 INSC 1277)

Date: Nov 1, 2025

Undue Delay That Taints and “Unworkable” Arbitral Awards: Supreme Court’s Test and Article 142 Cure in Lancor Holdings Ltd. v. Prem Kumar Menon (2025 INSC 1277) Introduction This decision of the...

No Direct Police Summons to Advocates Absent Section 132 Exceptions: Supreme Court fortifies Advocate–Client Privilege, mandates SP-level approval, judicial review, and protocols for documents and digital devices

Date: Oct 31, 2025

No Direct Police Summons to Advocates Absent Section 132 Exceptions: Supreme Court fortifies Advocate–Client Privilege, mandates SP-level approval, judicial review, and protocols for documents and...

Case-by-case de‑sealing and the LSC classification clarified: Upper floors in shop‑cum‑residence Local Shopping Centres require statutory conversion for commercial use

Date: Oct 31, 2025

Case-by-case de‑sealing and the LSC classification clarified: Upper floors in shop‑cum‑residence Local Shopping Centres require statutory conversion for commercial use Introduction This order in M.C....

Cause of Fire Is Immaterial Absent Insured’s Instigation; “FFF” Means Furniture, Fixtures and Fittings; Business Records Suffice to Prove Stock Loss — Commentary on Orion Conmerx Pvt. Ltd. v. National Insurance Co. Ltd., 2025 INSC 1271

Date: Oct 31, 2025

Cause of Fire Is Immaterial Absent Insured’s Instigation; “FFF” Means Furniture, Fixtures and Fittings; Business Records Suffice to Prove Stock Loss Introduction In Orion Conmerx Pvt. Ltd. v....

Unilateral Termination After Waiver Can Be Ignored: Specific Performance Maintainable Without Declaratory Relief; Limits on Second Appeal Interference

Date: Oct 30, 2025

Unilateral Termination After Waiver Can Be Ignored: Specific Performance Maintainable Without Declaratory Relief; Limits on Second Appeal Interference Introduction In Annamalai v. Vasanthi and...

First Doctor-Certified Dying Declaration Can Solely Sustain Conviction; Multiple Declarations to be Assessed Independently — Supreme Court in Jemaben v. State of Gujarat

Date: Oct 30, 2025

First Doctor-Certified Dying Declaration Can Solely Sustain Conviction; Multiple Declarations to be Assessed Independently — Supreme Court in Jemaben v. State of Gujarat Introduction In Jemaben v....

Facilitation Equals Participation: Section 149 IPC Liability for Transporting Assailants and Immobilizing Victims; Appellate Reversal of Acquittal on Misappreciation of Evidence

Date: Oct 30, 2025

Facilitation Equals Participation: Section 149 IPC Liability for Transporting Assailants and Immobilizing Victims; Appellate Reversal of Acquittal on Misappreciation of Evidence Introduction In...

Pay-and-Recover Applies to Route Deviations: Insurer Must First Satisfy Third-Party Claims Despite Permit Breach

Date: Oct 30, 2025

Pay-and-Recover Applies to Route Deviations: Insurer Must First Satisfy Third-Party Claims Despite Permit Breach Introduction Case: K. Nagendra v. The New India Insurance Co. Ltd. & Ors. Citation:...

Retrospective Clarificatory Statutes and One-Time Relaxation in Academic Promotions: Commentary on Ritu Garg v. Board of Governors, NIT Kurukshetra (2025 INSC 1285)

Date: Oct 30, 2025

Retrospective Clarificatory Statutes, One‑Time Relaxation and Notional Promotions in NITs: A Commentary on Ritu Garg v. Board of Governors, NIT Kurukshetra (2025 INSC 1285) I. Introduction The...

Demand-and-Acceptance First: Supreme Court Restores Acquittal and Clarifies Limits on Reversing PC Act Acquittals and the Value of Phenolphthalein Tests

Date: Oct 29, 2025

Demand-and-Acceptance First: Supreme Court Restores Acquittal and Clarifies Limits on Reversing PC Act Acquittals and the Value of Phenolphthalein Tests Case: P. Somaraju v. State of Andhra Pradesh,...