establishing-personal-jurisdiction-requires-targeted-activities Case Commentaries

Enforcing Rule 35(b) Waivers in Binding Plea Agreements: Courts May Not Reduce/Modify a Sentence Despite Post‑Sentencing Hardship

Date: May 29, 2026

Enforcing Rule 35(b) Waivers in Binding Plea Agreements: Courts May Not Reduce/Modify a Sentence Despite Post‑Sentencing Hardship Case: The State of Wyoming v. Cameron Michael Boni, 2026 WY 57 (Wyo....

Self-Diagnosis Is Not Enough: ADA/IHRA Disability Pleading Requires a Plausible Substantial Limitation, and Providers May Condition Sleep Accommodations on Medical Documentation

Date: May 29, 2026

Self-Diagnosis Is Not Enough: ADA/IHRA Disability Pleading Requires a Plausible Substantial Limitation, and Providers May Condition Sleep Accommodations on Medical Documentation 1. Introduction In...

Ambiguous Cash-Sweep Remittance Terms in Integrated Loan Documents Preclude Rule 12(b)(6) Dismissal Under Illinois Law

Date: May 29, 2026

Ambiguous Cash-Sweep Remittance Terms in Integrated Loan Documents Preclude Rule 12(b)(6) Dismissal Under Illinois Law Case: Aberdeen Developers, LLC v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Court: Court of Appeals...

Qualified Immunity After Prolonged Standoffs: No Clearly Established Fourth Amendment Bar to Warrantless Arrest or 40mm Foam Rounds Absent Closely Analogous Precedent

Date: May 29, 2026

Qualified Immunity After Prolonged Standoffs: No Clearly Established Fourth Amendment Bar to Warrantless Arrest or 40mm Foam Rounds Absent Closely Analogous Precedent I. Introduction In Frederick...

Title VII Employee-Headcount Damages Cap Is an Affirmative Defense Subject to Waiver; Unallocated Federal/State Verdicts Permit Stacking of Statutory Maximums

Date: May 29, 2026

Title VII Employee-Headcount Damages Cap Is an Affirmative Defense Subject to Waiver; Unallocated Federal/State Verdicts Permit Stacking of Statutory Maximums I. Introduction In Malak Khatabi v. Car...

Speculative Expert-Witness Ineffectiveness Claims Do Not Establish Strickland Prejudice Under AEDPA (and Do Not Warrant a Federal Evidentiary Hearing)

Date: May 29, 2026

Speculative Expert-Witness Ineffectiveness Claims Do Not Establish Strickland Prejudice Under AEDPA (and Do Not Warrant a Federal Evidentiary Hearing) 1. Introduction In James T. Roberts v....

Invited Error Bars Relief When Defendant Blocks Proof of a Prior-Convictions Element

Date: May 29, 2026

Invited Error Bars Relief When Defendant Blocks Proof of a Prior-Convictions Element Introduction In State of Minnesota v. Patrick Jay Sullivan (Minn. May 27, 2026), the Minnesota Supreme Court...

Colorado River Stay Treated as an Appealable Final Order; Protective Discovery Orders Generally Not Appealable

Date: May 29, 2026

Colorado River Stay Treated as an Appealable Final Order; Protective Discovery Orders Generally Not Appealable Case: Raymond Butler II v. Eli Jackfinn Eddi, et al. Court: United States Court of...

IPRA Requires Segregation and Disclosure of Nonopinion Personnel-File Information; Investigative Attorney Reports Are Not Privileged Absent a Primary Legal-Advice Purpose

Date: May 29, 2026

IPRA Requires Segregation and Disclosure of Nonopinion Personnel-File Information; Investigative Attorney Reports Are Not Privileged Absent a Primary Legal-Advice Purpose Case: Albuquerque J. v. Bd....

Pretext, Not Poor Management: Evidence Must Support an Inference of a “Phony Reason” in Title VII Pay and Promotion Claims

Date: May 29, 2026

Pretext, Not Poor Management: Evidence Must Support an Inference of a “Phony Reason” in Title VII Pay and Promotion Claims Introduction Kellie Wilson v. AIM Specialty Health (7th Cir. May 27, 2026)...

Uncashed Cashier’s Check Payable to Decedent Is an Estate Asset Absent Endorsement, Delivery, or Enforceable UCC Transfer

Date: May 29, 2026

Uncashed Cashier’s Check Payable to Decedent Is an Estate Asset Absent Endorsement, Delivery, or Enforceable UCC Transfer Case: In the Matter of the Estate of: Bradley James Haler, 2026 MT 111 (Mont....

Unscreeened Public Defender Office Conflicts: Actual Conflict, Presumed Prejudice, and Office-Wide Disqualification When a Managing Attorney Remains Involved

Date: May 29, 2026

Unscreeened Public Defender Office Conflicts: Actual Conflict, Presumed Prejudice, and Office-Wide Disqualification When a Managing Attorney Remains Involved Case: People of Guam v. Ben Castro...

Smith v. State: Retrospective Remorse Is Not Relevant to Mens Rea; “Malicious” in a Jury Instruction May Be Treated as an Ordinary Word

Date: May 29, 2026

Smith v. State: Retrospective Remorse Is Not Relevant to Mens Rea; “Malicious” in a Jury Instruction May Be Treated as an Ordinary Word 1. Introduction George Smith appealed his Superior Court...

Partial Traffic-Signal Outage as “Conflicting Directions”: Colorado Supreme Court Expands CGIA Waiver for Dangerous Signal Malfunctions

Date: May 29, 2026

Partial Traffic-Signal Outage as “Conflicting Directions”: Colorado Supreme Court Expands CGIA Waiver for Dangerous Signal Malfunctions Sandoval v. City of Colorado Springs, 2026 CO 34, 24SC778...

Affidavits Cannot Cure Missing Ownership Attachments Under the Colorado Fair Debt Collection Practices Act

Date: May 29, 2026

Affidavits Cannot Cure Missing Ownership Attachments Under the Colorado Fair Debt Collection Practices Act I. Introduction In Wright v. Portfolio Recovery Assocs., 2026 CO 36, the Colorado Supreme...

In re Marriage of Dale (2026): Quantitative Parenting-Time Cuts Are “Modifications,” Not “Restrictions,” Unless Reduced to Zero or Coupled with Qualitative Constraints

Date: May 29, 2026

In re Marriage of Dale (2026): Quantitative Parenting-Time Cuts Are “Modifications,” Not “Restrictions,” Unless Reduced to Zero or Coupled with Qualitative Constraints 1. Introduction In In re...

Purposeful Intent in First-Degree Murder May Be Inferred from the Nature, Number, and Severity of Wounds, Use of Multiple Weapons, and Consciousness-of-Guilt Conduct

Date: May 29, 2026

Purposeful Intent in First-Degree Murder May Be Inferred from the Nature, Number, and Severity of Wounds, Use of Multiple Weapons, and Consciousness-of-Guilt Conduct I. Introduction In Israel Estrada...

Wrongful Death Act PR Appointment Orders Are Final: No Post-Appointment Subpoena Power Absent a Filed Wrongful Death Action

Date: May 29, 2026

Wrongful Death Act PR Appointment Orders Are Final: No Post-Appointment Subpoena Power Absent a Filed Wrongful Death Action I. Introduction In Murphy v. O'Reilly Auto. Stores, Inc. (N.M. May 28,...

Deliberate-Intent Proof for First-Degree Murder Requires Evidence of Actual Deliberation Beyond Multiple Shots and Speculative Inferences

Date: May 29, 2026

Deliberate-Intent Proof for First-Degree Murder Requires Evidence of Actual Deliberation Beyond Multiple Shots and Speculative Inferences I. Introduction State v. Cerna (N.M. May 28, 2026, No....

“Accident”-Framed Reports and Coworker Harassment: Notice and Negligence Limits on Employer Liability Under Title VII and the IHRA

Date: May 29, 2026

“Accident”-Framed Reports and Coworker Harassment: Notice and Negligence Limits on Employer Liability Under Title VII and the IHRA 1. Introduction In Alma Sanchez v. El Milagro, Inc. (7th Cir. May...