11th Circuit Case Commentaries

“Court-Created Disclosure Exception” — Brooks v. City of Southside and the Duty to Re-Evaluate Anonymity When the Court Itself Releases Sensitive Information

Date: Jul 3, 2025

“Court-Created Disclosure Exception” — Brooks v. City of Southside and the Duty to Re-Evaluate Anonymity When the Court Itself Releases Sensitive Information 1. Introduction The Eleventh Circuit’s...

“Future–Risk” Is Not “Present Disability”: The Eleventh Circuit’s Clarification on Unvaccinated Status, Religious Accommodation, and Retaliation in Pajer v. Disney

Date: Jul 3, 2025

“Future–Risk” Is Not “Present Disability”: Eleventh Circuit Clarifies the Limits of ADA “Regarded-As” Claims and Religious Discrimination Theories in Pajer v. Disney 1. Introduction In Adam Pajer v....

Reaffirming Officers’ Limited Investigative Duty: Barnett v. Elsmore and the Threshold for “Arguable Probable Cause” in Malicious-Prosecution Claims

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Reaffirming Officers’ Limited Investigative Duty: Barnett v. Elsmore and the Threshold for “Arguable Probable Cause” in Malicious-Prosecution Claims Introduction In Harry Barnett v. Justin Elsmore,...

“Particularity Means Particularity” – The Eleventh Circuit Narrows the Circumstances for Relaxing Rule 9(b) in False Claims Act Pleadings

Date: Jul 3, 2025

“Particularity Means Particularity” – The Eleventh Circuit Narrows the Circumstances for Relaxing Rule 9(b) in False Claims Act Pleadings Introduction In Monica McKoy v. Atlanta Primary Care...

Eleventh Circuit Clarifies that Unvaccinated Status Is Not a “Perceived Disability” and Neutral COVID-19 Safety Protocols Do Not Constitute Religious Discrimination

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Eleventh Circuit Clarifies that Unvaccinated Status Is Not a “Perceived Disability” and Neutral COVID-19 Safety Protocols Do Not Constitute Religious Discrimination Introduction In Seth Schmidt v....

Pajer-Cribb-Gibbons-Schmidt v. Disney (11th Cir. 2025): Unvaccinated Status Is Not a “Regarded-As” Disability and Neutral COVID-19 Safety Protocols Do Not Trigger a Religious-Accommodation Duty

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Unvaccinated Status Is Not a “Regarded-As” Disability and Neutral COVID-19 Safety Protocols Do Not Trigger a Religious-Accommodation Duty Commentary on Pajer, Cribb, Gibbons & Schmidt v. Disney...

Eleventh Circuit Clarifies that Unvaccinated Status Is Not a “Regarded-As” Disability and that Post-Mandate COVID-19 Protocols Do Not Trigger Religious-Accommodation Duties

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Eleventh Circuit Clarifies that Unvaccinated Status Is Not a “Regarded-As” Disability and that Post-Mandate COVID-19 Protocols Do Not Trigger Religious-Accommodation Duties Introduction In Steven...

“Overwhelming Evidence” and the Harmless-Error Shield: An Analysis of United States v. Belas Rosier (11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Jul 3, 2025

“Overwhelming Evidence” and the Harmless-Error Shield: United States v. Belas Rosier, No. 23-14234 (11th Cir. July 2, 2025) Introduction United States v. Belas Rosier is an unpublished Eleventh...

“Strict Limits on Post-Sentencing Modification of Mandatory Restitution” – A Commentary on United States v. Donald Mathias (11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Strict Limits on Post-Sentencing Modification of Mandatory Restitution: A Detailed Commentary on United States v. Donald Mathias, 23-14211 (11th Cir. July 2, 2025) 1. Introduction United States v....

Harmless-Error Review for “Different Occasions” Findings after Erlinger – A Commentary on United States v. Jameel Williams (11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Harmless-Error Review for “Different Occasions” Findings after Erlinger A Comprehensive Commentary on United States v. Jameel Williams (11th Cir. 2025) 1. Introduction In United States v. Jameel...

Eleventh Circuit Re-Affirms § 922(g)(1) after Bruen/Rahimi and Clarifies “In-Connection-With” Enhancement under U.S.S.G. § 2K2.1(b)(6)(B)

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Eleventh Circuit Re-Affirms § 922(g)(1) after Bruen/Rahimi and Clarifies “In-Connection-With” Enhancement under § 2K2.1(b)(6)(B) – Commentary on United States v. Thomas Youngblood, No. 24-10053 (11th...

Medical Bills Covered by Workers’ Compensation Are “Consumer Debts” – Narrowing the Bona-Fide-Error Defense (Commentary on Abdul Crawford v. North American Credit Services, Inc., 11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Medical Bills Covered by Workers’ Compensation Are “Consumer Debts” – Narrowing the Bona-Fide-Error Defense Comprehensive Commentary on Abdul Crawford v. North American Credit Services, Inc., No....

Re-affirming the Anti-Circularity Rule for “Particular Social Groups” and the Consequences of Waiver under CAT: A Comprehensive Commentary on Aleyda Evelyn Vanegas Hernandez v. U.S. Attorney General (11th Cir. 2025)

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Re-affirming the Anti-Circularity Rule for “Particular Social Groups” and the Consequences of Waiver under CAT: Commentary on Vanegas Hernandez v. U.S. Attorney General Introduction The Eleventh...

“Good-Cause Flexibility” & Res Judicata Reinforced: A Commentary on Saunders v. Neighborhood Restaurant Partners, LLC

Date: Jul 3, 2025

“Good-Cause Flexibility” & Res Judicata Reinforced: A Comprehensive Commentary on Charmaine Saunders v. Neighborhood Restaurant Partners, LLC (11th Cir. 2025) 1. Introduction In Saunders v....

Fannies Cabaret v. City of South Fulton (11th Cir. 2025): Re-affirming the Secondary-Effects Doctrine and Tightening the Irreparable-Harm Gate for First-Amendment Injunctions

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Fannies Cabaret v. City of South Fulton (11th Cir. 2025): Re-affirming the Secondary-Effects Doctrine and Tightening the Irreparable-Harm Gate for First-Amendment Injunctions Introduction In Fannies...

MidAmerica C2L Inc. v. Siemens Energy Inc. – Eleventh Circuit Clarifies Warranty-Disclaimer Enforceability and the Scope of Florida’s Independent Tort Doctrine

Date: Jul 3, 2025

MidAmerica C2L Inc. v. Siemens Energy Inc. Eleventh Circuit Clarifies Warranty-Disclaimer Enforceability and the Scope of Florida’s Independent Tort Doctrine 1. Introduction This decision, the third...

The “Single-New-Judgment” Doctrine: Resentencing on Any Count Restarts AEDPA’s Limitation Period for the Entire Conviction

Date: Jul 3, 2025

The “Single-New-Judgment” Doctrine Resentencing on Any Count Restarts AEDPA’s Limitation Period for the Entire Conviction Introduction In Robert Kleckley v. State of Florida, No. 23-10887 (11th Cir....

United States v. Sandiford: Post-Plea Misconduct as “Adverse Information”— Eleventh Circuit Holds Government May Revoke Acceptance-of-Responsibility Recommendations Without Breaching Plea Agreements

Date: Jul 3, 2025

United States v. Sandiford: Post-Plea Misconduct as “Adverse Information” — Eleventh Circuit Holds Government May Revoke Acceptance-of-Responsibility Recommendations Without Breaching Plea Agreements...

Eleventh Circuit Reaffirms the Constitutionality of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) Post-Bruen and Rahimi

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Eleventh Circuit Reaffirms the Constitutionality of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) Post-Bruen and Rahimi: United States v. Eric Dennard Parker (2025) Introduction In United States v. Eric Dennard Parker, the...

Brito-Arroyo v. United States: Eleventh Circuit Narrows Access to Evidentiary Hearings for Plea-Rejection Ineffective-Assistance Claims

Date: Jul 3, 2025

Brito-Arroyo v. United States: Eleventh Circuit Narrows Access to Evidentiary Hearings for Plea-Rejection Ineffective-Assistance Claims Introduction Case: Zury Brito-Arroyo v. United States, No....