conversion-liability-under-restatement-(second)-of-torts- Case Commentaries

Equal Pay Act/CFEPA: “Substantially Similar Job Content” and Higher-Paid Comparator Required—Hierarchy and Shared Salary Do Not Establish a Prima Facie Case

Date: May 15, 2026

Equal Pay Act/CFEPA: “Substantially Similar Job Content” and Higher-Paid Comparator Required—Hierarchy and Shared Salary Do Not Establish a Prima Facie Case Case: Sha'ola Terrell v. Alabama State...

Plain-Error Review Governs Unpreserved § 3553(c) Explanation Claims After Steiger; No Requirement to Address Recidivism Explicitly

Date: May 15, 2026

Plain-Error Review Governs Unpreserved § 3553(c) Explanation Claims After Steiger; No Requirement to Address Recidivism Explicitly Introduction In United States v. Adon O. Hemley (11th Cir. May 11,...

Adverse Credibility Forecloses “Changed Country Conditions” Reopening Unless Rehabilitated; Denial of TPS-Based Sua Sponte Termination Is Largely Unreviewable

Date: May 15, 2026

Adverse Credibility Forecloses “Changed Country Conditions” Reopening Unless Rehabilitated; Denial of TPS-Based Sua Sponte Termination Is Largely Unreviewable Introduction In Wuillmer Arturo Ninrod...

Niz-Chavez Does Not Equitably Toll Time/Number Bars for Successive Motions to Reopen When Cancellation Eligibility Arose Only After an In Absentia Order

Date: May 15, 2026

Niz-Chavez Does Not Equitably Toll Time/Number Bars for Successive Motions to Reopen When Cancellation Eligibility Arose Only After an In Absentia Order Introduction In Patricio Nieves Tenecela v....

Rule 12(b)(6) Use of Body-Worn Camera Footage and De Minimis Handcuffing Force in an Elementary-School Incident (G.D.M. v. City of Oviedo, Florida)

Date: May 15, 2026

Rule 12(b)(6) Use of Body-Worn Camera Footage and De Minimis Handcuffing Force in an Elementary-School Incident Case: G.D.M. v. City of Oviedo, Florida (11th Cir. May 11, 2026) (Not for Publication)...

Uncashed Wage Tenders Do Not Moot FLSA Claims; Foreseeable FMLA Leave Requires Notice of Duration

Date: May 15, 2026

Uncashed Wage Tenders Do Not Moot FLSA Claims; Foreseeable FMLA Leave Requires Notice of Duration I. Introduction Nyesha Swope v. Episcopal Foundation of Jefferson County (11th Cir. May 8, 2026)...

ORES Siting Permits: Party-Status Petitions Must Present Site-Specific, Expert-Supported “Substantive and Significant” Issues; Other Parties’ Arguments Do Not Preserve Judicial Review

Date: May 15, 2026

ORES Siting Permits: Party-Status Petitions Must Present Site-Specific, Expert-Supported “Substantive and Significant” Issues; Other Parties’ Arguments Do Not Preserve Judicial Review Introduction...

Grandfathered Local Control Bars Bargaining Over Police Discipline, but Albany’s New Disciplinary “Appeal Arbiter” Law Is Void for Vagueness

Date: May 15, 2026

Grandfathered Local Control Bars Bargaining Over Police Discipline, but Albany’s New Disciplinary “Appeal Arbiter” Law Is Void for Vagueness Case: Matter of City of Albany, N.Y. (Albany Police...

ICWA Does Not Govern Parent-vs-Parent Custody; UCCJEA “Home State” Priority Prevails Over Nonconforming Tribal Jurisdiction

Date: May 15, 2026

ICWA Does Not Govern Parent-vs-Parent Custody; UCCJEA “Home State” Priority Prevails Over Nonconforming Tribal Jurisdiction Case: Matter of Kody II. v. Shaunta JJ. (2026 NY Slip Op 03044) Court:...

Pet Fees for Service Animals Are an Unlawful Refusal of Reasonable Accommodation Under Executive Law § 296(18)(2)

Date: May 15, 2026

Pet Fees for Service Animals Are an Unlawful Refusal of Reasonable Accommodation Under Executive Law § 296(18)(2) 1. Introduction Matter of New York State Div. of Human Rights v Winnie (2026 NY Slip...

Unfounded CPS Reports Support Tailored Custody Relief, Not Sole Legal Custody, Absent a Broad Coparenting Breakdown

Date: May 15, 2026

Unfounded CPS Reports Support Tailored Custody Relief, Not Sole Legal Custody, Absent a Broad Coparenting Breakdown 1. Introduction Matter of Siara Q. v Thomas R. (2026 NY Slip Op 03043 [249 AD3d...

Matter of Lewis — Interim Suspension for Noncooperation with Attorney Grievance Investigations (EUO/Subpoena) Despite Purported “Resignation”

Date: May 15, 2026

Matter of Lewis — Interim Suspension for Noncooperation with Attorney Grievance Investigations (EUO/Subpoena) Despite Purported “Resignation” 1. Introduction In Matter of Lewis, 2026 NY Slip Op 03074...

Minor Background Differences Do Not Make a Double‑Blind Photo Array Unduly Suggestive (and Circumstantial Video Identification Can Sustain a Murder Conviction): Commentary on People v. Cokely

Date: May 15, 2026

Minor Background Differences Do Not Make a Double‑Blind Photo Array Unduly Suggestive (and Circumstantial Video Identification Can Sustain a Murder Conviction): Commentary on People v. Cokely 1....

Disciplinary Arbitrator Exceeds Authority by Considering a Triage Arbitrator’s “No Probable Cause” Finding When the MOA Bars Using Lack of Suspension in Penalty

Date: May 15, 2026

Disciplinary Arbitrator Exceeds Authority by Considering a Triage Arbitrator’s “No Probable Cause” Finding When the MOA Bars Using Lack of Suspension in Penalty Introduction Matter of New York State...

Cook v. Southport: “Substantially Different” Revisions Trigger a Second GML § 239-m Referral; Agency Precedent Requires “Essentially the Same Facts”

Date: May 15, 2026

Cook v. Southport: “Substantially Different” Revisions Trigger a Second GML § 239-m Referral; Agency Precedent Requires “Essentially the Same Facts” Case: Matter of Cook v Town Bd. of the Town of...

Storms v. Geraghty: Punitive Damages May Follow Nominal Trespass Damages, but Due Process Forbids Both Excessive and Token Punishment

Date: May 15, 2026

Storms v. Geraghty: Punitive Damages May Follow Nominal Trespass Damages, but Due Process Forbids Both Excessive and Token Punishment Case: Storms v Geraghty, 2026 NY Slip Op 03034 (3d Dept May 14,...

Anonymous “Numbers” Jury Without a Record-Based Justification Warrants Reversal in the Interest of Justice (People v Zakrzewski)

Date: May 15, 2026

Anonymous “Numbers” Jury Without a Record-Based Justification Warrants Reversal in the Interest of Justice (People v Zakrzewski) Case: People v Zakrzewski, 2026 NY Slip Op 03029 (3d Dept May 14,...

Accident Theory Forecloses Self-Defense and Imperfect Self-Defense (Voluntary Manslaughter) Instructions in New Mexico

Date: May 14, 2026

Accident Theory Forecloses Self-Defense and Imperfect Self-Defense (Voluntary Manslaughter) Instructions in New Mexico Case: State v. Lopez (No. S-1-SC-40306) Court: Supreme Court of New Mexico Date:...

Delaware Rule: “Non-Capital” First-Degree Murder Still Sentenced Under § 4209; No Jury-Found Aggravator Needed for Mandatory Life Without Parole

Date: May 14, 2026

Delaware Rule: “Non-Capital” First-Degree Murder Still Sentenced Under § 4209; No Jury-Found Aggravator Needed for Mandatory Life Without Parole 1. Introduction In Cruz-Webster v. State (Del. May 8,...

Voluntary-Discontinuance Waives CPLR 205-a Savings in Foreclosure Refilings After Acceleration

Date: May 14, 2026

Voluntary-Discontinuance Waives CPLR 205-a Savings in Foreclosure Refilings After Acceleration 1. Introduction In Deutsche Bank Natl. Trust Co. v. Cahn (2026 NY Slip Op 02965), the Appellate...