Puerto Rico Case Commentaries

Failure to Follow Mandatory CCYA Status-Report and Pre-21 Review Requirements Requires Remand for Two Years of CCYA Compliance and a Meaningful Sentence Review

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Failure to Follow Mandatory CCYA Status-Report and Pre-21 Review Requirements Requires Remand for Two Years of CCYA Compliance and a Meaningful Sentence Review 1. Introduction In State v. I....

Failure to Implement CCYA Status-Report and Pre-21 Review Mandates Requires Remand for Two Years of CCYA Compliance and a Meaningful Sentence Review

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Failure to Implement CCYA Status-Report and Pre-21 Review Mandates Requires Remand for Two Years of CCYA Compliance and a Meaningful Sentence Review Introduction State v. I. Pehringer (2026 MT 114)...

Waiver of ICWA “Diligent Efforts” Challenges and Conclusive Reliance on Unrevised Tribal Eligibility Determinations

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Waiver of ICWA “Diligent Efforts” Challenges and Conclusive Reliance on Unrevised Tribal Eligibility Determinations Case: Matters of L.C., X.P. & N.C., YINC, 2026 MT 121 (Mont. June 2, 2026) Court:...

Acquiescence Waives ICWA Diligent-Efforts Challenges in Montana YINC Termination Appeals

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Acquiescence Waives ICWA Diligent-Efforts Challenges in Montana YINC Termination Appeals Case: Matters of L.C., X.P. & N.C., YINC (Mont. 2026 MT 121) | Court: Supreme Court of Montana | Date: June 2,...

State v. Olson: Non-Speculative Nexus Required to Admit Alternative-Source Sexual-Knowledge Evidence Under Montana’s Rape Shield Statute

Date: Jun 3, 2026

State v. Olson: Non-Speculative Nexus Required to Admit Alternative-Source Sexual-Knowledge Evidence Under Montana’s Rape Shield Statute 1. Introduction In State v. Brent James Olson, 2026 MT 118,...

Rule 4(a)(6) Is the Exclusive Path to Reopen an Appeal: Mailbox Neglect, Reliance on Clerk “No Action” Notices, and Rule 60(b) Cannot Create an Equitable Extension

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Rule 4(a)(6) Is the Exclusive Path to Reopen an Appeal: Mailbox Neglect, Reliance on Clerk “No Action” Notices, and Rule 60(b) Cannot Create an Equitable Extension 1. Introduction In Michael DeWayne...

USERRA Standing Survives Payroll “Corrections” When Complaint Seeks Reinstatement, Lost Opportunities, and Liquidated Damages

Date: Jun 3, 2026

USERRA Standing Survives Payroll “Corrections” When Complaint Seeks Reinstatement, Lost Opportunities, and Liquidated Damages Introduction In Michael Baluja v. City of Coral Gables (11th Cir. June 2,...

United States v. John Melton — Antitrust-Training “Illegality” Testimony as Context (Curable by Instruction) and Evidence Threshold for Per Se Sherman Act Conspiracy

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Antitrust-Training “Illegality” Testimony as Context (Curable by Instruction) and Evidence Threshold for Per Se Sherman Act Conspiracy in Coordinated Bidding/Pricing Introduction In United States v....

Major-Professor Withdrawal Treated as an Academic Judgment: “Careful and Deliberate” Process Satisfies Due Process Without a Disciplinary Hearing

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Major-Professor Withdrawal Treated as an Academic Judgment: “Careful and Deliberate” Process Satisfies Due Process Without a Disciplinary Hearing I. Introduction Lily Barrett v. Diana Williams (11th...

Hubbard v. Nexion Health at Clinton, Inc. — Proving Authority to Bind a Patient to Arbitration and Waiver of Unruled Discovery Requests

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Proving Authority to Bind a Patient to Arbitration & Waiver of Unruled Discovery Motions Case: Hubbard v. Nexion Health at Clinton, Inc. d/b/a Woodlands Rehabilitation and Healthcare Center, Minor...

Shipley v. Shipley: Mandatory GAL Appointment Is Not Waivable on Appeal; Albright Record Must Address Stepparent and Living Situation

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Shipley v. Shipley: Mandatory GAL Appointment Is Not Waivable on Appeal; Albright Record Must Address Stepparent and Living Situation 1. Introduction In Shipley v. Shipley (Miss. May 28, 2026), the...

Declaratory Judgments Are Not Per Se Final: Indiana’s Final-Judgment Rule Requires Appellate Rule 2(H) Finality

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Declaratory Judgments Are Not Per Se Final: Indiana’s Final-Judgment Rule Requires Appellate Rule 2(H) Finality I. Introduction In Adkins v. State (Ind. May 28, 2026), the Indiana Supreme Court...

Zattoni v. State of Mississippi — Commentary

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Miranda Is Not a Shortcut to Admissibility: Courts Must Accept Felony-Status Stipulations and Exclude Criminal-History Evidence Whose Prejudice Substantially Outweighs Probative Value I. Introduction...

Reciprocal Discipline in Mississippi: Out-of-State Misconduct Is Conclusive, and Mississippi May Enhance Sanctions for Persistent, Multi-Year Professional Misconduct

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Reciprocal Discipline in Mississippi: Out-of-State Misconduct Is Conclusive, and Mississippi May Enhance Sanctions for Persistent, Multi-Year Professional Misconduct Case: The Mississippi Bar v....

Attorneys Lack Article III Standing to Sue Under the FDCPA for Derivative, Client-Only Injuries

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Attorneys Lack Article III Standing to Sue Under the FDCPA for Derivative, Client-Only Injuries I. Introduction In Gregory Light v. LVNV Funding, LLC, the Eleventh Circuit dismissed an FDCPA/FCCPA...

De Novo Review of Juvenile-Transfer Probable Cause and Due-Process Limits on Coercive Juvenile Interrogations (State v. Adkisson)

Date: Jun 3, 2026

De Novo Review of Juvenile-Transfer Probable Cause and Due-Process Limits on Coercive Juvenile Interrogations Case: State of Tennessee v. Antonio Demetrius Adkisson a/k/a Antonio Demetrius Turner Jr....

VAWA “Protection Order” Includes Prosecutor-Sought Criminal No-Contact Orders Despite Victim Opposition

Date: Jun 3, 2026

VAWA “Protection Order” Includes Prosecutor-Sought Criminal No-Contact Orders Despite Victim Opposition Case: United States v. Pilson (1st Cir. June 1, 2026) | Statutes: 18 U.S.C. § 1201(a)(1); 18...

Strategic Delay and “Grab Bag” Pleading Can Justify Denial of Leave to Add Title VII Claims at the Pleading Stage

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Strategic Delay and “Grab Bag” Pleading Can Justify Denial of Leave to Add Title VII Claims at the Pleading Stage Introduction James Engstrom v. United Airlines, Inc. (7th Cir. June 1, 2026) arises...

Client Autonomy Bars Counsel from Conceding Guilt to Any Homicide Offense Over Express Objection (McCoy Structural Error)

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Client Autonomy Bars Counsel from Conceding Guilt to Any Homicide Offense Over Express Objection (McCoy Structural Error) Case: People v. Chhuon and Pan (Cal. June 1, 2026) S105403 Court: Supreme...

Tallahassee Bail Fund: Article III Standing Exists, but No Third-Party Standing to Challenge Florida’s Bond-Withholding Scheme as Excessive Bail

Date: Jun 3, 2026

Tallahassee Bail Fund: Article III Standing Exists, but No Third-Party Standing to Challenge Florida’s Bond-Withholding Scheme as Excessive Bail 1. Introduction In Tallahassee Bail Fund v. Clerk of...