Individualized Justifications Mandatory for §3582(c)(2) Sentence Reductions: Fourth Circuit's Vacatur in United States v. Martin and Mangual Introduction In the landmark decision of United States v....
Affirmation of Extraterritorial Civil Liability under the Trafficking Victims Protection Act in Roe v. Howard Introduction Roe v. Howard is a landmark appellate decision from the United States Court...
Enforceability of Subject-to-Appropriation Obligations in Municipal Financing: 4th Circuit Affirms Dismissal in ACA Financial Guaranty Corp. v. City of Buena Vista Introduction The case of ACA...
Enhancing Employer Responsibilities: A Comprehensive Review of Hannah P. v. Daniel Coats et al. Introduction In the landmark case of Hannah P., Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Daniel Coats, Director of the...
Distinguishing Fees from Taxes: Norfolk Southern Railway Co. v. City of Roanoke - A Comprehensive Commentary Introduction In the case of Norfolk Southern Railway Company v. City of Roanoke, the...
Reaffirming Secular Educational Standards in Comparative Religion Instruction: Caleigh Wood v. Arnold et al. Introduction In Caleigh Wood v. Evelyn Arnold et al. (915 F.3d 308, 4th Cir. 2019), the...
4th Circuit Establishes Liability for Sex-Based Hostile Work Environment via False Rumors under Title VII Introduction In the case of Evangeline J. Parker v. Reema Consulting Services, Inc., the...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Tax Payment Agreements as Consumer Credit Transactions under TILA and EFTA Introduction In Garry Curtis v. Propel Property Tax Funding, LLC; Propel Financial Services, LLC, 915...
Eminent Domain and Preliminary Injunctions in Pipeline Construction: The Mountain Valley Pipeline Case Introduction The Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC case addresses the contentious issue of eminent...
Affirmation of MTA's Access Control as Legitimate Governmental Interest in McClure v. Ports Introduction McClure v. Ports is a significant case adjudicated by the United States Court of Appeals for...
Williams v. Stirling: Strengthening the Duty of Defense Counsel in Investigating Fetal Alcohol Syndrome as Mitigating Evidence in Capital Sentencing Introduction In Williams v. Stirling, the United...
Reaffirming Government’s Obligation to Honor Plea Agreements: The Edgell Decision Introduction In the landmark case of United States of America v. Johnny Sylvester Edgell, 914 F.3d 281 (4th Cir....
United States v. Joseph DeCore Simms: Court of Appeals Establishes Precedent on Statutory Vagueness in "Crime of Violence" Definitions Introduction In the landmark case of United States of America v....
Pinilla v. United States: Accrual Timing of FTCA Medical Malpractice Claims Dependent on Confirmation of Permanent Injury Introduction In Pinilla v. United States, the United States Court of Appeals...
Strengthening NEPA’s 'Hard Look' Standard: 4th Circuit Affirms NC DOT’s Bridge Project Approval Introduction The case of Save Our Sound OBX, Inc.; v. North Carolina Department of Transportation...
Enhanced Standards for Residual Functional Capacity Evaluations in SSI Cases: Analysis of Thomas v. Berryhill Introduction In the landmark case of Nikki T. Thomas v. Nancy A. Berryhill, decided by...
Procedural Reasonableness in Sentencing: Upholding the Duty to Address Mitigation and Explain Supervised Release Conditions – United States v. Carl Javan Ross Introduction The case of United States...
Fourth Circuit Establishes 180-Day Waiting Period for Title VII Civil Actions as Non-Jurisdictional and Commencing upon Initial Charge Introduction The case of Fenyang Ajamu Stewart v. Andrei Iancu...
Equitable Tolling in Prison Litigation: The Battle v. Ledford Decision Introduction Battle v. Ledford is a pivotal decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, issued on...
Establishing Government Social Media Pages as Public Forums: Upholding First Amendment Protections Introduction The case of Brian Davison v. Phyllis Randall addresses the intersection of governmental...