Affirmation of Tax Injunction Act Jurisdiction in Municipal Fee Assessments Introduction In the case of Bernard J. Folio et al. v. The City of Clarksburg, West Virginia et al., heard by the United...
Fourth Circuit Clarifies Exhaustion of State Remedies in §1983 Takings Claims Introduction Front Royal and Warren County Industrial Park Corporation (IPC), a Virginia corporation, initiated a legal...
Reaffirming the Boundaries of Special Education Services: Springer v. Fairfax County School Board Introduction In the landmark case of Edward P. Springer v. The Fairfax County School Board, the...
Paraguay v. Allen: Affirmation of Sovereign Immunity in Treaty Violation Claims Introduction The case of Republic of Paraguay v. George F. Allen et al. represents a significant judicial examination...
Fourth Circuit Establishes Clear Standards for Excessive Force Claims in Correctional Settings Introduction Ste v. C. Stanley is a pivotal case adjudicated by the United States Court of Appeals for...
Establishing Standards for Jury Selection Procedure Deviations under Fed.R.Crim.P. 24(c): United States v. Love and Sheppard Introduction United States of America v. Rex Eugene Love and Jerry Wayne...
Procedural Default and Exhaustion of State Remedies in Federal Habeas Corpus: Analysis of Breard v. Prueett Introduction Breard v. Prueett, 134 F.3d 615 (4th Cir. 1998) is a pivotal case in the realm...
ADA Preemption of Contract and Tort Claims in Airline Boarding Procedures: Smith v. Comair Introduction In James W. Smith v. Comair, Inc.; Delta Airlines, Inc., 134 F.3d 254 (4th Cir. 1998), the...
S.P. v. City of Takoma Park: Reaffirming Qualified Immunity and Defining State Action in Fourth Amendment Mental Health Seizures Introduction In the case of S.P., a Citizen of Takoma Park, Maryland,...
Clarifying 'Use' under 18 U.S.C.A. § 924(c)(1): Comprehensive Analysis of United States v. Phillips 1. Introduction United States v. Phillips is a pivotal case adjudicated by the United States Court...
Enforcement of ERISA Plan Information Obligations: Braswell Services Group Inc. v. Sedlack Introduction Robert E. Sedlack, a former employee of Braswell Services Group, Incorporated, initiated a...
Establishing the Standards for Proof in Pregnancy Discrimination Cases: DeJarnette v. Corning Inc. Introduction Regina W. DeJarnette v. Corning Incorporated is a seminal case adjudicated by the...
Legitimate Implementation of Drug Testing Policies Under the NLRA: Insights from Eldeco, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board Introduction Eldeco, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board is a...
Admissibility of Prior Acts Evidence to Establish Intent Under Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b): An Analysis of Queen v. United States Introduction Queen v. United States, 132 F.3d 991 (4th Cir....
Employer Liability for Hostile Work Environment Under Title VII: Harris & Prasky v. L L Wings, Inc. Introduction The case of Diane Sue Harris and Marina L. Prasky v. L L Wings, Incorporated (132 F.3d...
Establishing the Boundaries of Whistleblower Protections under the False Claims Act: Zahodnick v. IBM and Lockheed Martin Introduction The case of George Zahodnick v. International Business Machines...
Qualified Immunity in Eighth Amendment Claims: Rish et al. v. Johnson Introduction In the landmark case of Rish et al. v. Johnson, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit addressed...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Procedural Default: No Habeas Relief for Ineffective Assistance Claims in Collateral Proceedings Introduction TONY ALBERT MACKALL, the petitioner-appellant, challenged his...
Fourth Circuit Limits Numerical Weighting of Medical Opinions in Black Lung Benefits Claims Introduction The case of Sterling Smokeless Coal Company v. Tammy Akers (131 F.3d 438) serves as a pivotal...
Standing in Establishment Clause Cases: Suhre v. Haywood County Sets New Precedent Introduction The case of Richard Suhre v. Haywood County examines the intricate issue of legal standing within the...