McAllister v. United States: Fourth Circuit Clarifies Application of Apprendi to §841 and Sentencing Enhancements Introduction McAllister v. United States, 272 F.3d 228 (4th Cir. 2001), is a pivotal...
Maryland Fourth Circuit Establishes Precedent on Gender Discrimination in Nurturing Leave: Affirmation of Equal Protection Rights 1. Introduction In the landmark case Howard Kevin Knussman v....
Pye v. United States: Affirming Standing for Adjacent Historic Property Owners under the National Historic Preservation Act Introduction Pye v. United States of America; United States Army Corps of...
Expanded Scope of Permit Shield Defense Under the Clean Water Act Confirmed in Piney Run Preservation Association v. Carroll County Commissioners Introduction The case of The Piney Run Preservation...
No Waiver of Arbitration Rights from Distinct Litigation Activities: Insights from MicroStrategy v. Lauricia Introduction In the landmark case of MicroStrategy, Incorporated v. Betty J. Lauricia,...
Supervisory Liability and Title IX Standards in Education: Comprehensive Commentary on Baynard v. Malone et al. Introduction The case of Jackson Baynard v. Catherine Malone et al. adjudicated by the...
Fourth Circuit Clarifies Unitary Status and Limits on Race-Conscious School Programs in Charlotte-Mecklenburg Introduction The desegregation of public schools has been a pivotal issue in American...
Fourth Circuit Invalidates FEC's Broad "Express Advocacy" Definition in VSHL v. FEC Introduction In Virginia Society for Human Life, Inc. v. Federal Election Commission, 263 F.3d 379 (4th Cir. 2001),...
Enforceability of Liquidated Damages Clauses in Sports Franchise Sales JKC Holding Company LLC v. Washington Sports Ventures, Inc. 264 F.3d 459 (4th Cir. 2001) Decided: September 7, 2001 Introduction...
Enforcement of Implied Fee-Sharing Agreements and Equitable Estoppel in Attorney-Law Firm Disputes: The Edell v. Angelos Decision Introduction The case of Edell Associates, P.C., a New Jersey...
PETA v. Doughney: Reinforcing Protections Against Cybersquatting Under the ACPA Introduction In the landmark case People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals v. Doughney (263 F.3d 359, 2001), the...
Defining 'Disability' and Institutional Deference: Insights from Davis v. University of North Carolina Introduction In Davis v. University of North Carolina at Wilmington, the United States Court of...
Relevance and Reliability of Expert Testimony in Product Liability: Insights from Garlinger v. Hardee's Introduction The case of Brenda K. Garlinger and Johnny A. Garlinger v. Hardee's Foodsystems,...
Clarifying Prosecutorial Vindictiveness: Insights from United States v. Wilson Introduction The case of United States of America v. Wiley Gene Wilson serves as a pivotal reference in understanding...
Jurisdictional Boundaries in Deportation Proceedings: Yousefi v. INS Introduction The case of Mohammad Musa Yousefi v. U.S. Immigration Naturalization Service (INS), adjudicated by the United States...
Independent Contractor Status Affirmed: Implications from Farlow v. Wachovia Bank Introduction The case of Jewel A. Farlow v. Wachovia Bank of North Carolina, N.A. (259 F.3d 309) adjudicated by the...
Scope of General Releases in ERISA Plans: Reinforcing Fiduciary Duty of Plan Administrators Introduction The case of Nancy Ross Barron v. UNUM Life Insurance Company of America (260 F.3d 310)...
Affirmation of No Privilege for Medical Peer Review Materials in Discrimination Cases Introduction Ashutosh Ron Virmani, Md, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Novant Health Incorporated is a pivotal case...
Affirmation of Limited-Purpose Public Figure Status in Defamation: Carr v. Forbes Introduction The case of Richard Lloyd Carr v. Forbes, Incorporated (259 F.3d 273) adjudicated by the United States...
Affirming the Affirmative Defense: Employment Actions and Anti-Harassment Policies in Matvia v. Bald Head Island Management Introduction Christina Matvia v. Bald Head Island Management, Incorporated...