Galvin v DPP: Distinguishing Ex-Facie and Fact-Sensitive Constitutional Challenges – The Supreme Court Re-Defines the Prematurity Doctrine 1. Introduction Case citation: Galvin v The Director of...
“The Parmar Principles” – Evidential Comparators, Adverse Disclosure Inferences & Appellate Restraint in Race Discrimination Claims 1. Introduction Leicester City Council v Parmar ([2025] EWCA Civ...
“Prematurity Re-Defined” – Galvin v. DPP & ors: The Supreme Court’s New Framework for Early Constitutional Challenges 1. Introduction Galvin v The Director of Public Prosecutions & ors ([2025] IESC...
R v Claes [2025] EWCA Crim 1284: Twenty-year terms are justified for massive Class A importations at the top of “significant role”; using a legitimate business as cover is a leading‑role indicator...
R v Sweetland [2025] EWCA Crim 1156: Double‑Counting Constraints and the Category 2 Ceiling in Assault by Penetration; Overall Guilty‑Plea Credit Fixed by First Admission of Guilt Court: England and...
R v Rai [2025] EWCA Crim 1224: Particular Vulnerability is a Step‑1 Harm Factor (Independent of Targeting) and Multiple Step‑1 Harm Features Preclude Downward Movement from the Guideline Starting...
Authoritative Weight of Service Sentencing Guidance and A1 Categorisation for Deliberate Breach of Ukraine Standing Order: Commentary on BPR, R v [2025] EWCA Crim 1147 Introduction This commentary...
Kilshane Energy v EirGrid (No. 2): Exceptional Solicitor–Client Costs in Judicial Review Require Proven Serious Non‑Disclosure and Demonstrable Prejudice 1. Introduction This ex tempore judgment of...
Inferring “High Impairment” and Aligning Disqualifications with Custodial Terms: Commentary on R v Henderson [2025] EWCA Crim 1180 Introduction This commentary analyzes the decision of the England...
“Final Means Final” — Lord Sandison’s Definitive Construction of s 11A(4)(a) TCEA 2007 on Late Upper Tribunal Applications Introduction The Outer House of the Court of Session, in Petition of Mohamed...
“Pay-More Trigger” Doctrine: When Cause of Action Accrues Under NHBC Insolvency Cover Commentary on National House Building Council v Peabody Trust ([2025] EWCA Civ 932) 1. Introduction National...
Material Prejudice as the Touchstone of Procedural Fairness Comprehensive Commentary on Moakes (R, on the application of) v Canterbury City Council [2025] EWCA Civ 927 1. Introduction This Court of...
Holding the Ring Pending Permission: Court of Appeal’s Power to Grant Short “Status-Quo” Injunctions After Finding No Real Prospect of Success Introduction AstraZeneca AB & Anor v Generics (UK) Ltd &...
Adams v HMA: The “Materiality Threshold” for Late Disclosure & Desertion in Scottish Criminal Trials Introduction The Scottish High Court of Justiciary in Adams v HMA ([2025] HCJAC 30) has delivered...
“Pre-Incident Duty of Care to Vulnerable Service Users” Commentary on NM v (1) Henderson & (2) Scottish Ambulance Service [2025] CSIH 22 1. Introduction In NM v Henderson & Scottish Ambulance Service...
Green v R: Misapplication of the 2003 Consent Standard to Pre-2003 Offences and the Boundaries of Cross-Admissibility Directions 1. Introduction The Court of Appeal’s decision in R v Green ([2025]...
“Beyond the Threshold Schedule” – The Court of Appeal’s Refined Guidance on Judicial Reason-Giving and Perpetrator Findings in Care Proceedings 1. Introduction The Court of Appeal decision in K & G...
The Exclusive Attribution Test: Determining “Directly Incurred” Costs and Third-Party Income in PFI Waste Management Agreements Commentary on Buckinghamshire Council v FCC Buckinghamshire Ltd [2025]...
“Promises Are Not Facts”: Sharma v R ([2025] EWCA Crim 1122) and the Pleading of Representations Under the Fraud Act 2006 1. Introduction Sharma v R concerns the appeal of Vikas Sharma, an estate...