No “in‑between” categories: Joint offending plus severe psychological harm mandates Category 1A for sexual assault; abuse-of-trust requires significant responsibility (Singh & Anor [2025] EWCA Crim...
Separate Money-Laundering Prosecution Not an Abuse Despite Earlier Fraud Proceedings; Absconding and Extreme Delay Weigh Against Extensions of Time 1. Introduction R v Malik ([2025] EWCA Crim 1420)...
R v Vanyai-White: Consecutive Sentences in a Single Incident Must Not Double Count or Circumvent Statutory Maximums 1. Introduction R v Vanyai-White concerned an appeal against sentence following...
R v Madhi & Anor [2025] EWCA Crim 1401: Disapplying the s315 Minimum and Avoiding Mixed Youth Custody Regimes Where s250 Detention Is Imposed Introduction This Court of Appeal (Criminal Division)...
R v Waldrom [2025] EWCA Crim 1380: Late Sentencing Appeals, Fresh Psychological Evidence, and Totality—A Four‑Point Clarification Introduction In R v Waldrom [2025] EWCA Crim 1380, the Court of...
R v Davis [2025] EWCA Crim 1485: Road Rage, Child Passengers and Guilty Plea Credit in Causing Serious Injury by Dangerous Driving 1. Introduction R v Davis [2025] EWCA Crim 1485 is a Court of Appeal...
Section 55 Requires Child‑Best‑Interests Review of Immigration Rules: Court of Appeal Orders Home Secretary to Reassess Child Refugee Family Reunion Policy; Differential Treatment Recognised under...
R v Wood [2025] EWCA Crim 1372: Limits on Departures from Sentencing Guidelines; “School” Status Not a Stand‑Alone Aggravator; and Activation of a Suspended Sentence Is Not Double Counting...
No “Justificationism” and the Reach of Courtroom Immunity: Advocate submissions at bail and police preparatory acts attract absolute immunity, not outflanked by HRA/DPA claims — Chief Constable of...
Discoverability under s.32(1)(c) can be triggered by a CJEU tipping point — and even an Advocate General’s Opinion: BAT Industries v Commissioners of Inland Revenue [2025] EWCA Civ 1271 Introduction...
Stewart v R [2025] EWCA Crim 1484: Finality of Third‑Party Determinations and the Limits of Receivership Appeals under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 1. Introduction This commentary examines the...
One Test, Not Two: Court of Appeal clarifies redactions in FRAND judgments and protects both lump‑sum and per‑unit pricing data Introduction In InterDigital Inc & Ors, In the Matter Of (Re Optis...
Mechita: Purity, Quantity and Cash Can Evidence a “Leading Role”; Totality Permits Uplift of the Lead Concurrent Sentence and Consecutive Sentencing for Distinct Offending Citation: R v Mechita...
“Decision” Exists Only on Service: JR Time Runs from Giving of s.4 Notice; Email Service Presumption May Be Rebutted on Evidence Case: Dhandapani, R (On the Application Of) v Secretary of State for...
Primacy of Causation in Criminal Wasted Costs Orders: No Order Where the Hearing Disposes of the Case or Costs Would Be Incurred Anyway Case: M & M Solicitors v Crown Court at Leicester (wasted...
Robertson v Google LLC: CPR 6.34 permission is prospective; CPR 7.6(3) is the exclusive route for late service out of the jurisdiction; no relief from sanctions and no AoS duty absent valid service...
Standard Method Prevails and Business-Entertainment Block Applies Upfront: Dual‑Use Analysis and the “More Precise” Test in Partial Exemption Hippodrome Casino Ltd v Revenue and Customs [2025] EWCA...
Costs against a sanctioned party: success as the decisive factor; licence‑triggered payment deadlines; and no set‑off against a deferred Supreme Court costs order Introduction This commentary...
Market‑Differential Damages on Buyer Cancellation under SALEFORM 2012: Court of Appeal Confirms Loss‑of‑Bargain Recovery and Implies a Due‑Diligence Delivery Duty Introduction In Orion Shipping and...
FBD: Concurrency for proportionality in historic sexual offences and aggregated release under s.244A CJA 2003 Introduction In FBD, R. v [2025] EWCA Crim 1370, the Court of Appeal (Criminal Division)...