England and Wales Case Commentaries

BIIa Regulation Preempts Hague Convention on Jurisdiction in Parental Responsibility Matters

Date: Aug 25, 2021

BIIa Regulation Preempts Hague Convention on Jurisdiction in Parental Responsibility Matters: An Analysis of [2021] EWCA Civ 1305 Introduction The case of X (Children) (Article 61 Biia) ([2021] EWCA...

Reaffirming Sufficiency Requirements for Structural and Functional Patent Claims: FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc.

Date: Aug 25, 2021

Reaffirming Sufficiency Requirements for Structural and Functional Patent Claims: FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc. Introduction In FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc. ([2021] EWCA Civ...

Redefining Patent Sufficiency: The Court of Appeal's Analysis in FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc ([2021] EWCA Civ 1279)

Date: Aug 25, 2021

Redefining Patent Sufficiency: The Court of Appeal's Analysis in FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc ([2021] EWCA Civ 1279) Introduction The case of FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc...

Precedent on Patent Sufficiency and Obviousness in Biochemical Inventions: FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc [2021] EWCA Civ 1279

Date: Aug 25, 2021

Precedent on Patent Sufficiency and Obviousness in Biochemical Inventions: FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc [2021] EWCA Civ 1279 Introduction The case of FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics...

FibroGen Inc v Akebia Therapeutics Inc [2021] EWCA Civ 1279: Establishing the Limits of Sufficiency in Patent Claims with Mixed Structural and Functional Features

Date: Aug 25, 2021

FibroGen Inc v Akebia Therapeutics Inc ([2021] EWCA Civ 1279): Establishing the Limits of Sufficiency in Patent Claims with Mixed Structural and Functional Features Introduction FibroGen Inc v Akebia...

FibroGen v. Akebia: Landmark Ruling on Patent Sufficiency and Claim Construction in Biotechnological Inventions

Date: Aug 25, 2021

FibroGen v. Akebia: Landmark Ruling on Patent Sufficiency and Claim Construction in Biotechnological Inventions Introduction FibroGen Inc v. Akebia Therapeutics Inc ([2021] EWCA Civ 1279) represents...

Security for Costs and Defendant Funding: Insights from Heathfield International LLC v. Axiom Stone (London) Ltd & Anor

Date: Aug 17, 2021

Security for Costs and Defendant Funding: Insights from Heathfield International LLC v. Axiom Stone (London) Ltd & Anor Introduction Heathfield International LLC v. Axiom Stone (London) Ltd & Anor...

Inherent Jurisdiction and Welfare Considerations in Child Repatriation: S (Children) Re Judgment Overview

Date: Aug 14, 2021

Inherent Jurisdiction and Welfare Considerations in Child Repatriation: S (Children) Re Judgment Overview 1. Introduction The case of S (Children), Re (Inherent Jurisdiction: Setting Aside Return...

Dispensation of Service in Child Care Proceedings: The Precedent Set in B (Children) Re

Date: Aug 14, 2021

Dispensation of Service in Child Care Proceedings: The Precedent Set in B (Children) Re Introduction The case of B (Children), Re ([2021] EWCA Civ 1221) marks a significant development in the realm...

Clarifying Overwhelming Supervening Acts in Joint Enterprise: Grant & Ors, R. v (2021) EWCA Crim 1243

Date: Aug 13, 2021

Clarifying Overwhelming Supervening Acts in Joint Enterprise: Grant & Ors, R. v (2021) EWCA Crim 1243 Introduction The case of Grant & Ors, R. v (2021) EWCA Crim 1243 represents a significant moment...

Procedural Irregularity and the Sanctity of Adoption Orders: Insights from I-A (Revocation of Adoption Order) ([2021] EWCA Civ 1222)

Date: Aug 11, 2021

Procedural Irregularity and the Sanctity of Adoption Orders: Insights from I-A (Revocation of Adoption Order) ([2021] EWCA Civ 1222) Introduction The case of I-A (Revocation of Adoption Order)...

Reaffirming Article 13(b) Protections in Hague Convention Child Abduction Cases

Date: Aug 11, 2021

Reaffirming Article 13(b) Protections in Hague Convention Child Abduction Cases Introduction The case of C (A Child) (Child Abduction: Parent's Refusal To Return With Child) ([2021] EWCA Civ 1216)...

Upholding Summary Return Obligations Under the Hague Convention: C (A Child) v [2021] EWCA Civ 1236

Date: Aug 11, 2021

Upholding Summary Return Obligations Under the Hague Convention: C (A Child) v [2021] EWCA Civ 1236 Introduction The case of C (A Child) (Child Abduction: Parent's Refusal To Return With Child) V...

Dependency Continuity in Extended Family Member Status: Chowdhury v. Home Department [2021]

Date: Aug 10, 2021

Dependency Continuity in Extended Family Member Status: Chowdhury v. Home Department [2021] Introduction Chowdhury v. Secretary of State for the Home Department ([2021] EWCA Civ 1220) is a pivotal...

Limits of Indemnity and Aggregation Clauses in Professional Indemnity Insurance: Baines & Anor v. Dixon Coles & Gill (2021)

Date: Aug 7, 2021

Limits of Indemnity and Aggregation Clauses in Professional Indemnity Insurance: Baines & Anor v. Dixon Coles & Gill (2021) Introduction The case of Baines & Anor v. Dixon Coles & Gill (A firm) & Ors...

Burden of Proof in VAT Best Judgment Assessments Confirmed: Awards Drinks Ltd v. HMRC

Date: Aug 7, 2021

Burden of Proof in VAT Best Judgment Assessments Confirmed: Awards Drinks Ltd v. HMRC Introduction Awards Drinks Ltd v. HM Revenue and Customs ([2021] EWCA Civ 1235) is a significant appellate...

Reinforcement of Sentencing Principles in Drug Offence Appeal: R v Murrja [2021] EWCA Crim 1249

Date: Aug 7, 2021

Reinforcement of Sentencing Principles in Drug Offence Appeal: R v Murrja [2021] EWCA Crim 1249 Introduction The case of Vladimir Murrja, adjudicated in the England and Wales Court of Appeal...

Establishing Indirect Confusion in Trademark Infringement: Analysis of Liverpool Gin Distillery Ltd v. Sazerac Brands, LLC

Date: Aug 6, 2021

Establishing Indirect Confusion in Trademark Infringement: Analysis of Liverpool Gin Distillery Ltd v. Sazerac Brands, LLC Introduction The case of Liverpool Gin Distillery Ltd & Ors v. Sazerac...

Zavarco Plc v. Nasir: Clarifying the Doctrine of Merger with Declaratory Relief

Date: Aug 6, 2021

Zavarco Plc v. Nasir: Clarifying the Doctrine of Merger with Declaratory Relief Introduction Zavarco Plc v. Nasir ([2021] EWCA Civ 1217) is a pivotal case adjudicated by the England and Wales Court...

Clarifying the Scope of 'Arrangements' under Articles 25 and 29 of the RAO: The FCA v Avacade Ltd Decision

Date: Aug 5, 2021

Clarifying the Scope of 'Arrangements' under Articles 25 and 29 of the RAO: The FCA v Avacade Ltd Decision Introduction The case of The Financial Conduct Authority v. Avacade Ltd & Ors ([2021] EWCA...