...to visit his friend Jose, who was in turn visiting Rios. Ramirez's brother, David Gaxiola, was in the passenger seat of Ramirez's car. Ramirez had previously been a member of the Pacoima Knock Knock...., asked him where he was from, which Ramirez understood to be an inquiry about his gang affiliation. Ramirez testified that he responded, "'I'm from Pacoima Knock Knock Boys,'" then added, "'I'm not...court, but no one described it for the record. The passenger then asked, "'Where did you say you were from again?'" Ramirez testified he began to reiterate that he was from Pacoima, but before he could...

...2001. Fournier explained Pacoima is an area just north of Polytechnic High School. Pacoima Knock Knock Boys (PKKB) was a larger gang in Pacoima, whose main enemy in December 2001 was Vineland Boys...division in 2001, testified, although he was familiar with Vineland Boys and came to know of the Pacoima Knock Knock Boys in 2001, he was not familiar with either a gang or tagging crew named Down With...Rodriguez’s green Jeep Cherokee, seeking to avenge the stabbing of their friend and fellow Down With Pacoima (DWP) “crew” member Edgar Estrada two days earlier in front of Polytechnic High School in Sun...

...Pacoima Knock Knock Boys. The Knock Knock Boys expressed their contempt for Project Boys and Flats members by calling them "rejects," a derogatory term aimed at the origins of these gangs in the San.... II. The People's Evidence A. Background Defendant Gonzalez, known as "Casper," belonged to the Pacoima Flats gang. He was a...friend of defendant Adame, nicknamed "Fresh" and "Smooth," who belonged to another gang, the Pacoima Project Boys. Both the Flats and the Project Boys were rivals of a third Pacoima-based gang, the...

...Latin Times Pacoima and the Knock Knock Boys, and the fact that Latin Times Pacoima regularly collected "taxes" on drug dealers operating in its territory. However, these are not case-specific facts...Latin Times Pacoima and his moniker was "Suspect." Sharis had "Suspect" tattooed on her cheek. We refer to the witnesses only by...store that evening. Sometime before 7:30 p.m., he assisted a customer who had the word "Pacoima" tattooed above his mouth and the initial "P" on the top of his head, just like defendant's tattoos...

..., Pacoima South Side Locos, Latin Times Pacoima, Cayuga Street, Knock Knock Boys, and San Fer. Of these rival gangs, the Pacoima South Side Locos and the Latin Times Pacoima gangs claimed the area...Boulevard and Haddon Avenue in Pacoima. A white Dodge Charger with a black stripe pulled up to him. The rear passenger pointed a gun out of the window, and asked, "Where are you from?" Fresly C. did not.... After his contact with the white Dodge Charger, Fresly C. went to Pinney Street and saw Jonathan V. lying on the ground. Fresly C. knew Jonathan V. as Spider from the Latin Times Pacoima...

...Fourth Amendment incorporates the common-law requirement that police knock on a dwelling's door and announce their identity and purpose before attempting forcible entry, recognized that the flexible...paraphernalia, but the magistrate refused to give advance authorization for a "no-knock" entry. The officer who knocked on Richards' door was dressed, and identified himself, as a maintenance man. Upon.... In denying Richards' motion to suppress the evidence on the ground that the officers did not knock and announce their presence before forcing entry, the trial court found that they could gather from...

...petitioner Hudson's home in violation of the Fourth Amendment's "knock-and-announce" rule. The trial court granted Hudson's motion to suppress the evidence seized, but the Michigan Court of Appeals...judgment is affirmed. Affirmed. JUSTICE SCALIA delivered the opinion of the Court with respect to Parts I, II, and III, concluding that violation of the "knock-and...-announce" rule does not require suppression of evidence found in a search. Pp. 589-599. (a) Because Michigan has conceded that the entry here was a knock-and-announce violation, the...

...decided to knock on it. 749 F.3d, at 195 (quoting Tr. 83 (Apr. 8, 2013)). As the officers stepped onto the deck, a man came out of.... At trial, Carroll argued that his entry was lawful under the “knock and talk” exception to the warrant requirement. That exception, he contended, allows officers to knock on someone's door, so long as..., rather than into their backyard or onto their deck. Thus, they argued, the “knock and talk” exception did not apply. At the close of Carroll's case in chief, the parties each moved for...

...probable cause that the controlled substances sought by police would have been destroyed if police were required to knock and announce before executing the warrant, there was no basis for the police to..."no-knock" entry was no longer warranted and was therefore unlawful, and absent a reason set forth by the Commonwealth why exclusion of any illegally seized evidence should not be the remedy in thiscase...warrant containing a provision permitting the police to enter and search the apartment without first knocking, announcing their presence, and stating their purpose (the "no-knock provision"). The...

...-part scheme for vetting knock-and-announce entries, that the instant entry had no exigent circumstances, making forced entry by destruction of property permissible only if there was an explicit refusal...Amendment. Pp. 35-43. (a) The standards bearing on whether officers can legitimately enter after knocking are the same as those for requiring or dispensing with knock..., significance. The obligation to knock and announce before entering gives way when officers have reasonable grounds to expect futility or to suspect that an exigency, such as evidence destruction, will arise...

...tablets and drug paraphernalia. Appellant moved to suppress the evidence seized pursuant to the search warrant on the grounds that the officers violated the "knock and announce...situation where the police have used a ruse to enter, the rationale for the [knock and announce] rule is not available since the occupant has voluntarily opened the door, and consequently, entry by `ruse...of the "knock and announce rule." Thereafter, Appellant entered a conditional guilty plea to trafficking in a controlled substance in the first degree and to illegal possession of...

...: that, subject to limited exceptions, law enforcement must first knock and announce its purpose before it lawfully may enter a dwelling to execute a warrant. In this appeal, we return...knock and announce their presence when executing the search warrant. In opposition, the State offered a single witness, Detective Sergeant Leonard Check of the Berlin Township Police Department. He...explained that it was his "duty . . . to make a knock and announce at the residence because it was a knock and announce warrant." He made clear that it was he who "knocked and announced on the apartment...

...escaped prisoner, at respondent's home, and on a federal agent's subsequent observation of a man resembling Shelby outside that home, the Government obtained a "no-knock" warrant to enter and search the.... Held: 1. The Fourth Amendment does not hold officers to a higher standard when a "no-knock" entry results in the destruction of property. It is obvious from...Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385, that such an entry's lawfulness does not depend on whether property is damaged in the course of the entry. Under Richards, a no-...

...without knocking and announcing and denied Wade qualified immunity. On appeal, Wade argues that the factual issues are not material because there is a per se hot pursuit exception to the knock...and announce rule. We disagree. It is clearly established that there is no per se hot pursuit exception to the knock and announce rule. Because the district court was correct in ruling that hot...pursuit does not automatically excuse an officer from knocking and announcing, we affirm with respect to the knock-and-announce claim. See, e.g...

...Court affirmed, rejecting petitioner's argument that the common-law "knock and announce" principle is required by the Fourth Amendment. Held: The common-law knock and..., constitutional provisions, statutes, and cases espousing or supporting the knock and announce principle, this Court has little doubt that the Amendment's Framers thought that whether officers announced...first ought to announce his presence and authority. In this case, we hold that this common-law "knock and announce" principle forms a part of the reasonableness inquiry under the Fourth Amendment...

...opinion of the Court was delivered by VERNIERO, J. While executing a "no-knock" search warrant at a residential...apartment, the police seized evidence of illegal drug activity that led to defendant's arrest and conviction. As the name implies, a no-knock warrant authorizes police officers to enter a home or...record did not adequately justify the issuance of a no-knock warrant in this case. We are thus compelled to set aside defendant's conviction. I...

...confronted Susan in Pacoima, California, where she lived with her sister. Susan returned with Robinson to Banning after he threatened to "dispose" of her in the desert. After a few months, Susan...returned to Pacoima. Susan later moved from Pacoima to live with her sister in North Hollywood. In June 1986, Robinson and two men unconnected with this case confronted Susan in North.... In March 1987, Susan moved out again, this time to Yuma to live with her parents, the Hills, for a few weeks. In April, she returned to Pacoima to live with her grandmother but, after two...

...of unknown reliability. The second is whether a suspect's seven-year-old arrest for assault against a police officer and a weapons-related crime justifies a "no-knock" entry in the totality of the...circumstances. The Appellate Division held that the State did not demonstrate probable cause for the search warrant and that the facts did not support a departure from the knock-and-announce requirement..., particularized suspicion that knocking and announcing their presence in the circumstances presented would threaten their safety, the issuance of a no-knock warrant was proper. We therefore reverse...

...") officers discovered in his apartment during the execution of a search warrant. Bynum first asserts that NLVPD officers failed to comply with the "knock and announce" requirement when executing the search...officer safety, the officers' no-knock entry violated neither the Fourth Amendment nor 18 U.S.C. § 3109. We lack jurisdiction to reach the merits of Bynum's...did not knock on Bynum's door, and they announced "Police, search warrant" only after commencing their forcible entry of the residence. Officers deployed two more Omniblast devices as they swept...