Ivory B. v. Shameccka D.B.

MARK C. DILLON

Affirmed.

Lisa Lewis, Brooklyn, N.Y., for appellant. Sedrick G. Malcolm, Brooklyn, N.Y., for petitioner-respondent.
Brad M. Nacht, Brooklyn, N.Y., attorney for the child.

In a child custody proceeding pursuant to Family Court Act article 6, the mother appeals from an order of the Family Court, Kings County (Turbow, J.), dated November 20, 2012, which, after a hearing, granted the father's petition for sole custody of the subject child, with certain visitation to her.

ORDERED that the order is affirmed, without costs or disbursements.

The essential consideration in making an award of custody or visitation determination “is the best interests of the child, under the totality of the circumstances” ( Matter of Boggio v. Boggio, 96 A.D.3d 834, 835, 945 N.Y.S.2d 764; see Eschbach v. Eschbach, 56 N.Y.2d 167, 171, 451 N.Y.S.2d 658, 436 N.E.2d 1260; Friederwitzer v. Friederwitzer, 55 N.Y.2d 89, 94, 447 N.Y.S.2d 893, 432 N.E.2d 765; Matter of Supangkat v. Torres, 101 A.D.3d 889, 890, 954 N.Y.S.2d 915; Matter of Awan v. Awan, 63 A.D.3d 733, 734, 880 N.Y.S.2d 683). A court deciding an initial petition for child custody must consider “the totality of the circumstances, including, but not limited to, (1) which alternative will best promote stability; (2) the available home environments; (3) the past performance of each parent; (4) each parent's relative fitness, including his or her ability to guide the child, provide for the child's overall well being, and foster the child's relationship with the noncustodial parent; and (5) the child's desires” ( Matter of Supangkat v. Torres, 101 A.D.3d at 890, 954 N.Y.S.2d 915; see Craig v. Williams–Craig, 61 A.D.3d 712, 712, 876 N.Y.S.2d 650; Matter of Berrouet v. Greaves, 35 A.D.3d 460, 461, 825 N.Y.S.2d 719). “[T]he existence or absence of any one factor cannot be determinative on appellate review since the court is to consider the totality of the circumstances” ( Eschbach v. Eschbach, 56 N.Y.2d at 174, 451 N.Y.S.2d 658, 436 N.E.2d 1260). While it is often in a child's best interests to live with siblings, this factor is “not an absolute” ( id. at 173, 451 N.Y.S.2d 658, 436 N.E.2d 1260). A child's expressed preference in a custody proceeding is not determinative, but it is “some indication of what is in the child's best interests, particularly where the attorney for the child recommended that the child's wishes be given weight, and where the interview demonstrates the child's level of maturity and ability to articulate his [or her] preferences” ( Matter of Hall v. Hall, 118 A.D.3d 879, 882–883, 987 N.Y.S.2d 608 [citations omitted] ). However, the child's wishes are not determinative ( see Matter of Zubizarreta v. Hemminger, 107 A.D.3d 909, 909–910, 967 N.Y.S.2d 423; Matter of McVey v. Barnett, 107 A.D.3d 808, 809, 967 N.Y.S.2d 403). “Inasmuch as a court's custody determination is dependent in large part upon its assessment of the witnesses' credibility and upon the character, temperament, and sincerity of the parents, the court's exercise of its discretion will not be disturbed if supported by a sound and substantial basis in the record” ( Matter of Supangkat v. Torres, 101 A.D.3d at 890, 954 N.Y.S.2d 915; see Matter of Reyes v. Polanco, 83 A.D.3d 849, 850, 922 N.Y.S.2d 104; Cervera v. Bressler, 90 A.D.3d 803, 805, 934 N.Y.S.2d 500).

We see no reason to disturb the Family Court's well-reasoned determination to award sole custody to the father. The record shows that both parents love the subject child and are able to provide for the child's well-being and promote her relationship with the other parent. However, the record also shows that the father, who had been caring for the subject child for a period of three years during the pendency of neglect proceedings against the mother, is better able to provide a stable and structured environment. Further, during the period when the father had temporary custody of the child, her school work and grades dramatically improved. Accordingly, the Family Court's determination is supported by a sound and substantial basis in the record.