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Case Summary: McGuire v. Bradley, Docket No. 73196 (Mich. Ct. App. May 21, 1984)

Factual and Procedural Background

In May 1978 plaintiff-appellant Joseph E. McGuire injured his ankle during a motorcycle race and sought treatment from defendant-appellee Walter Bradley, D.O. Defendant diagnosed pulled tendons, provided crutches, prescribed medication for swelling, and advised rest. Approximately three weeks later plaintiff saw defendant again and was told the pain was not uncommon and he should gradually try to walk on the ankle. Because of persistent pain and a limp, plaintiff later (September/October 1978) obtained a second opinion from a specialist who found a broken bone and performed surgery in October 1978. In November 1981 plaintiff returned to defendant and was told he had arthritis; defendant's medical assistant allegedly informed plaintiff that the delay between the injury and the surgery would cause arthritis to develop. Medication was prescribed and plaintiff filed this malpractice action on December 11, 1981.

The trial court granted accelerated judgment for the defendant, concluding as a matter of law that plaintiff discovered, or should have discovered, his cause of action in September 1978 when the specialist diagnosed the broken bone. Plaintiff appealed.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether, for purposes of MCL 600.5838(2); MSA 27A.5838(2), plaintiff discovered or should have discovered the existence of his malpractice claim when he received the specialist's diagnosis of a broken bone in September/October 1978.
  2. Whether a question of fact existed that would preclude entry of accelerated judgment for defendant (i.e., whether plaintiff met the statutory burden to show he neither discovered nor should have discovered the claim at least six months before the expiration of the otherwise applicable statute of limitations).

Arguments of the Parties

Plaintiff's Arguments

  • Plaintiff contended that he only became aware of his claim in November 1981 when defendant's medical assistant apprised him that the lapse in time between the injury and the surgery would cause arthritis to develop; thus, he argued, a question of fact exists that precludes accelerated judgment.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Adkins v Annapolis Hospital, 116 Mich. App. 558; 323 N.W.2d 482 (1982), lv gtd 417 Mich. 1043 (1983) The opinion describes Adkins as holding that when a subsequent correct diagnosis gave the plaintiff reason to know that earlier treatment was improper, the plaintiff had reason to know of a claim and failure to act within the six-month discovery-related period justified accelerated judgment. The court relied on Adkins as analogous support for the proposition that receipt of a second, contradictory diagnosis (here, the specialist's diagnosis of a broken bone) provided reason to know of a possible malpractice claim.
Wallisch v Fosnaugh, 126 Mich. App. 418; 336 N.W.2d 923 (1983) The provided opinion lists this case among authorities; no specific rule or principle from this case is stated in the opinion excerpt. Cited as authority supporting the result; the opinion does not explain a specific application from this case.
Leyson v Krause, 92 Mich. App. 759; 285 N.W.2d 451 (1979) The provided opinion lists this case among authorities; no specific rule or principle from this case is stated in the opinion excerpt. Cited as authority supporting the result; the opinion does not explain a specific application from this case.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The court applied the statutory framework of MCL 600.5838(2); MSA 27A.5838(2), which requires malpractice claims to be asserted within the statutory period or within six months after the plaintiff discovers or should have discovered the claim, and places the burden on the plaintiff to prove that he neither discovered nor should have discovered the claim at least six months before the expiration of the otherwise applicable limitation period.

The court reasoned that, under Adkins and the statute, the specialist's second diagnosis identifying a broken bone provided plaintiff either actual knowledge or constructive notice of the existence of a potential malpractice claim. The opinion states that plaintiff neither alleged nor was apparently able to produce facts meeting the statutory burden to show he did not and should not have discovered the claim at the relevant time. Because plaintiff failed to meet that burden and did not raise issues of fact which, when viewed in his favor, would preclude accelerated judgment, the court concluded the trial judge properly ruled the claim barred as a matter of law.

Holding and Implications

Holding: Accelerated judgment for defendant affirmed; plaintiff's malpractice claim is barred as time‑barred.

Implications: The direct effect of the decision is that the trial court's grant of accelerated judgment in favor of defendant Walter Bradley is affirmed and plaintiff Joseph E. McGuire's malpractice action is time‑barred and dismissed. The opinion resolves the case on the statute-of-limitations/discovery-based timeliness ground; the opinion does not present or discuss any broader legal developments or establish a new precedent beyond applying existing statutory law and precedents cited.

McGUIRE v BRADLEY

PER CURIAM.

Plaintiff-appellant, Joseph E. McGuire, appeals from an order granting accelerated judgment to defendant-appellee, Walter Bradley, D.O., in an osteopathic malpractice case.

In May, 1978, plaintiff injured his ankle during a motorcycle race and sought medical attention from defendant. Defendant diagnosed plaintiff's injury as pulled tendons in the right ankle, gave him a pair of crutches, prescribed medication for the swelling, and advised him to stay off the ankle. Plaintiff says that he saw defendant three weeks later and was told that the pain which he was experiencing was not uncommon for his type of injury and that he should gradually try to walk on the ankle.

Subsequently, on the advice of a friend, plaintiff went to a specialist for a second opinion because of persistent pain and an inability to walk without a limp. The specialist found a broken bone in plaintiff's ankle and immediately performed surgery in October, 1978. Eventually, in November, 1981, after experiencing further and continuing discomfort, plaintiff returned to defendant and was told he had arthritis in the ankle. Defendant's medical assistant purportedly told him then that the lapse in time between the injury and the surgery would cause arthritis to build. Medication was prescribed for the arthritic condition and plaintiff then sued defendant for malpractice.

The trial court found that, as a matter of law, plaintiff discovered, or should have discovered, his cause of action against defendant in September, 1978, at the time that he received a second contradictory diagnosis indicating the existence of a broken bone in his ankle. Plaintiff argues that he only knew of the claim when apprised of the cause of his arthritis by defendant's medical assistant in November, 1981, and that a question of fact thus exists which precludes accelerated judgment in favor of defendant. Plaintiff's complaint was filed on December 11, 1981.

Under MCL 600.5838(2); MSA 27A.5838(2), plaintiff was obliged to assert his claim for malpractice within the statutory period or within six months "after the plaintiff discovers or should have discovered the existence of the claim, whichever is later".

The statute also provides that the burden of proving that the plaintiff, as a result of physical discomfort, appearance, condition or otherwise, neither discovered nor should have discovered the existence of the claim at least six months before the expiration of the period otherwise applicable to the claim is on the plaintiff. The statute further provides that a malpractice action not commenced within this time period is barred.

In Adkins v Annapolis Hospital, plaintiff suffered a fractured foot, which was misdiagnosed at the hospital, and plaintiff was discharged. The trial court found that, at the point when another doctor correctly diagnosed the fracture, plaintiff had reason to know that the previous treatment was improper. Since he failed to act within the six-month period, this Court found that the trial court properly granted defendant's motion for accelerated judgment.

116 Mich. App. 558; 323 N.W.2d 482 (1982), lv gtd 417 Mich. 1043 (1983).

In the within case, it seems clear that when plaintiff received the second diagnosis and treatment from the specialist he either knew, or should have known, of the existence of his claim. He does not, nor is he apparently able to, assert facts which would meet the statutory burden of proof placed upon him. We do not believe that he has raised issues of fact which, if treated in the light favorable to him, would preclude accelerated judgment.

Consequently, we decline to interfere with the conclusion of the trial judge that plaintiff's claim was barred and accelerated judgment should be granted.

Wallisch v Fosnaugh, 126 Mich. App. 418; 336 N.W.2d 923 (1983); Leyson v Krause, 92 Mich. App. 759; 285 N.W.2d 451 (1979); Adkins v Annapolis Hospital, supra.

Affirmed.

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McGUIRE v. BRADLEY
(May 21, 1984)