Motor vehicles — License — Revocation — Due process — De novo hearing — Double jeopardy.
1. A de novo hearing in a motor vehicle license revocation case adequately safeguards the notice and hearing requirements of due process. [71]
2. Motor vehicle license suspension and revocation proceedings are remedial sanctions which are civil in nature; they cannot be grounds for a double jeopardy challenge. [71]
OPINION BY JUDGE CRAIG, June 6, 1984:
James Zanotto appeals from an order by the Dauphin County Common Pleas Court, which affirmed the Department of Transportation's five-year revocation of his driver's license under section 1542, the habitual offender provision, of the Motor Vehicle Code.
75 Pa. C. S. § 1542.
We have been asked to decide if the habitual offender provision violates due process and the double jeopardy clause of the Pennsylvania Constitution.
Pa. Const. art. I, § 10.
The record reveals that Mr. Zanotto committed the following offenses and suffered the following consequences under the Code:
Code Date of Date of DOT Action
Violation Offense Conviction Taken
§ 3731 11-24-77 6-15-78 6-month suspension
75 Pa. C. S. § 3731 (driving under influence of alcohol or controlled substance).
§ 3731 5-12-82 9-29-82 6-month suspension
Id.
§ 3733 5-12-82 9-29-82 5-year revocation
75 Pa. C. S. § 3733 (fleeing or attempting to elude police officer).
Mr. Zanotto contends that a de novo hearing in common pleas court does not satisfy due process, because at the time of his convictions, he was not informed of the ultimate consequences of multiple convictions, i.e., the triggering of the habitual offender provision. We have recently held, however, that a de novo hearing adequately safeguards the notice and hearing requirements of due process. Yeckley v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 81 Pa. Commw. 576, ___ A.2d ___ (1984). Cf. Commonwealth v. Englert, ___ Pa. Superior Ct. ___, 457 A.2d 121 (1983) (the suspension of operating privileges is a collateral consequence, civil in nature, of a conviction; a trial court's failure to inform a defendant of a potential collateral consequence does not invalidate a guilty plea).
Mr. Zanotto also contends that the habitual offender provision violates the double jeopardy clause. We cannot agree. Driver suspension and revocation proceedings are remedial sanctions which are civil in nature, designed to protect the public from unsafe drivers; as such, they cannot be grounds for a double jeopardy challenge. See Callan v. Bureau of Traffic Safety, 19 Pa. Commw. 635, 637-38, 339 A.2d 163, 164-65 (1975); Commonwealth v. Abraham, 7 Pa. Commw. 535, 536-37, 300 A.2d 831, 832 (1973); See also, In Re Friedman, 72 Pa. Commw. 274, 281 n. 10, 457 A.2d 983, 987 n. 10 (1983) (double jeopardy challenge to revocation of occupational license after criminal conviction).
Accordingly, we affirm.
ORDER
NOW, June 6, 1984, the order of the Court of Common Pleas of Dauphin County, dated May 10, 1983, dismissing the appeal of James Zanotto, is affirmed.