Order affirmed, with costs.
We reject the defendant's contention that he has established an equitable estoppel defense as a matter of law so as to entitle him to summary judgment. Estoppel may be applied in an appropriate case in order to avoid the working of a fraud or injustice upon one of the parties (see, Nassau Trust Co. v Montrose Concrete Prods. Corp., 56 N.Y.2d 175, rearg denied 57 N.Y.2d 674; Holm v. C.M.P. Sheet Metal, 89 A.D.2d 229; Sassower v Barone, 85 A.D.2d 81). However, the conflicting affidavits submitted by the parties in this case raise triable issues of fact as to the circumstances surrounding the plaintiff's sale of the property to the defendant, the allegedly fraudulent misrepresentations made by the various parties involved in the sale, and the extent of the plaintiff's knowledge that the property was actually encumbered at the time of the conveyance. Moreover, issues have been raised concerning the reasonableness of the parties' purported reliance upon the title examinations conducted both by an attorney and by a title company, as well as the plaintiff's alleged use of a corporate entity to transact purely personal business. Hence, a determination as to the validity of the defendant's estoppel defense cannot be made upon the present record (see, Citibank [N.Y. State] v. Zibro Tire Appliance Co., 72 A.D.2d 846). Mollen, P.J., Thompson, Rubin and Lawrence, JJ., concur.