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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The Hospital Board of Directors of Lee County, d/b/a Lee Memorial Hospital (hospital), filed a twenty-two count complaint against the City of Fort Myers (city) and Frank Wanicka, Sheriff of Lee County (sheriff), seeking payment for hospital care and services provided to twenty-two individuals. These individuals were brought to the hospital by law enforcement officers, primarily city police officers, with one brought by a Florida highway patrolman. After receiving treatment, the patients were transported to the Lee County Jail for booking on charges of violating various state statutes. The parties stipulated that the hospital provided appropriate care and reasonable charges, that the city does not maintain a municipal detention facility, and that detainees held by city police are confined at the county detention facility pursuant to an interlocal agreement between the city and Lee County. Motions for summary judgment were filed by all parties on twenty of the counts, and the trial court entered a partial summary judgment holding both the city and sheriff liable. The city appealed this judgment.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the City of Fort Myers or the Sheriff of Lee County is liable for payment of hospital services provided to individuals brought to the hospital by city police officers or sheriff deputies before being booked into the county detention facility.
  2. Whether the classification of the detainees as municipal or county prisoners affects which law enforcement agency bears financial responsibility for medical care.
  3. Whether the hospital has a statutory obligation to provide free medical services to prisoners or may seek payment from the responsible law enforcement agency.

Arguments of the Parties

The opinion does not contain a detailed account of the parties' legal arguments.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Hospital Board of Directors v. Durkis, 426 So.2d 50 (Fla. 2d DCA 1982) Confirmed no general statutory duty on public hospitals to provide free services to prisoners and that the special act creating Lee Memorial Hospital did not impose such a duty. Supported the court’s conclusion that the hospital could seek payment from the law enforcement agency having custody of the patient at the time of treatment.
Medical Center Hospital, Inc. v. Coleman, 462 So.2d 588 (Fla. 2d DCA), review denied, 471 So.2d 43 (Fla. 1985) Clarified that the sheriff is responsible for medical care of prisoners in custody, even if treatment occurs before booking at the detention facility. Applied to hold that the sheriff was liable for payment since technical custody was with the sheriff during transportation to the hospital.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The court began by recognizing that the hospital was required to provide the type of treatment under section 401.45, Florida Statutes (1981), but that no statute or special act imposed a duty on public hospitals to provide free care to prisoners. The hospital could seek payment from the law enforcement agency having custody of the patient at the time of treatment.

Because the city has no municipal detention facility and detainees arrested by city police are held at the county jail under an interlocal agreement, the court examined the classification of the detainees. Since all were charged with violating state laws, they qualified as county prisoners under section 951.23, Florida Statutes (1981), rather than municipal prisoners.

The court reasoned that if the detainees had been booked into the county jail before hospital treatment, the sheriff’s responsibility would be clear. Here, although treatment occurred before booking, the sheriff nevertheless had technical custody during transportation to the hospital. The Florida Administrative Code Rule 33-8.07 requires the sheriff to furnish medical care to prisoners in custody.

Accordingly, the court affirmed the judgment against the sheriff but reversed the judgment against the city, holding that the city was not liable for payment. The court noted that subsequent statutory provisions, specifically section 901.35, Florida Statutes (1985), now clarify financial responsibility for medical care, assigning it to the county for state law arrests and to the municipality for municipal ordinance violations, consistent with the court’s decision.

Holding and Implications

The court's final decision was to affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand. Specifically, the court affirmed the summary judgment holding the sheriff liable for payment to the hospital and reversed the judgment holding the city liable, instructing the trial court to enter judgment for the city.

The direct effect of this decision is that the sheriff bears financial responsibility for medical care of detainees charged with state law violations held in the county detention facility, while the city is not liable under the facts presented. The opinion does not establish new precedent beyond clarifying the application of existing statutory and administrative rules to the custody and financial responsibility of detainees receiving hospital care.

CITY OF FORT MYERS, APPELLANT, v. HOSPITAL BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF LEE COUNTY, D/B/A LEE MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, AND FRANK WANICKA, SHERIFF OF LEE COUNTY, APPELLEES.

SCHOONOVER, Judge.

The City of Fort Myers, Florida (city), appeals from a summary judgment entered in an action brought against the city and Frank Wanicka, Sheriff of Lee County, Florida (sheriff), by the Hospital Board of Directors of Lee County, d/b/a Lee Memorial Hospital (hospital). We find that the court erred in entering a judgment against the city and, accordingly, reverse that part of the judgment. We, however, affirm the judgment in all other respects.

The hospital filed a twenty-two count complaint against the city and the sheriff seeking payment for hospital care and services provided to twenty-two people brought to the hospital by either city police officers, sheriff department deputies, or in one instance, a highway patrolman. All parties filed motions for summary judgment on twenty of the twenty-two counts. According to a stipulation entered into between the parties, city police officers brought people to the hospital for treatment or services in nineteen of the twenty instances. In the other instance in question, the person was brought to the hospital by a Florida highway patrolman. Following treatment, the patients were transported to the Lee County Jail to be booked on charges of violating various state statutes. The parties further stipulated that appropriate hospital care and services were provided to the individuals in question and that the hospital's charges therefor were reasonable. It was also stipulated that the city maintains no city jail or municipal detention facility and that all persons detained by the city police are held as detainees of the county detention facility, the Lee County Jail, pursuant to an interlocal agreement between the City of Fort Myers and Lee County.

After considering the motions, the trial court entered a partial summary judgment finding both the city and the sheriff liable to the hospital on all twenty counts contained in the parties' motions for summary judgment. This timely appeal by the city followed.

A review of the allegations of the amended complaint indicates that the treatment and services provided by the hospital were of the type the hospital was required to provide pursuant to section 401.45, Florida Statutes (1981). There is, however, no general statutory duty imposed on public hospitals to render free services to prisoners, and the Special Act creating Lee Memorial Hospital does not impose such a burden. See Ch. 63-1552, Laws of Florida, as amended. See also, Hospital Board of Directors v. Durkis, 426 So.2d 50 (Fla. 2d DCA 1982). Absent a showing that each patient here had insurance or could pay for his care or treatment, the hospital, therefore, had the right to seek payment for the treatment and services it had provided from the law enforcement agency which had custody of the patient at the time of treatment.

Because of the agreement between the city and Lee County, all the persons involved in this case were destined to be confined at the county detention facility. Furthermore, section 951.23, Florida Statutes (1981), defines a municipal prisoner as a person who is detained in a municipal detention facility by reason of being charged with or convicted of violating a municipal law or ordinance and a county prisoner as a person who is detained in a county detention facility by reason of being charged with or convicted of either a felony or a misdemeanor. Since all persons here were charged with violating state laws, rather than city ordinances, they would be properly classified as county prisoners rather than as municipal prisoners at the time they were detained or taken into custody.

If the persons involved here had been taken to the county detention facility and "booked" before being taken to the hospital for treatment, they clearly would have been in the custody of the sheriff. Under those circumstances, the sheriff would clearly be responsible to the hospital because Florida Administrative Code Rule 33-8.07, promulgated pursuant to section 951.23(2), Florida Statutes (1981), requires the sheriff to furnish medical care to his prisoners. The fact that a prisoner is taken to the hospital on the way to the county detention facility does not shift this responsibility. Here, the city police officers arrested the persons involved for allegedly violating state statutes. The police officers obtained necessary medical treatment for the arrestees on the way to the detention facility, rather than after booking them into the facility. Technical custody, therefore, was in the sheriff when the transportation to the hospital began. Medical Center Hospital, Inc. v. Coleman, 462 So.2d 588 (Fla. 2d DCA), review denied, 471 So.2d 43 (Fla. 1985). We, therefore, find that all twenty patients here were county prisoners at the time they were treated. We, accordingly, affirm the judgment entered against the sheriff. We reverse the judgment entered against the city and remand with instructions to enter a judgment for the city.

We note that situations such as those under consideration in this case are now controlled by section 901.35, Florida Statutes (1985). Pursuant to that statute, financial responsibility for medical care is placed on the county if the person is arrested for a violation of a state law or county ordinance and upon the municipality if the person arrested is charged with violating a municipal ordinance. The result reached in this case is consistent with that statutory provision.

Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded.

SCHEB, A.C.J., and BOARDMAN, EDWARD F., (Ret.), J., concur.

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FORT MYERS v. HOSPITAL BD OF DIR, LEE
(Apr 10, 1987)