1. CRIMINAL LAW.
In grand larceny prosecution, instruction that accused were guilty if they were present aiding, abetting, and assisting in feloniously taking, stealing, and carrying away property in question was not reversible error.
2. LARCENY.
Accused were guilty of grand larceny, even if there were no conspiracy, if accused were present and aided, abetted, and assisted in commission of the crime.
3. CRIMINAL LAW.
Overruling objection to closing argument of counsel for state, unsupported by proof, that accused's alleged coconspirators had joined named gang and gone to parts unknown, was prejudicial error, since argument carried clear intimation that flight of alleged coconspirators warranted inference of coconspirators' guilt and consequent inference of accused's guilt, and proof of coconspirators' flight would be incompetent.
4. CRIMINAL LAW.
That accused's coconspirators had joined gang and gone to parts unknown was inadmissible over objection, in view of rule that acts done and declarations made by one conspirator after completion or abandonment of criminal enterprise are inadmissible as evidence against a coconspirator.
Cook, J., delivered the opinion of the court.
E.R. Sanderford, Hobson Jones, and two other parties, were jointly indicted in the circuit court of Rankin county on a charge of grand larceny. Appellants, E.R. Sanderford and Hobson Jones, were jointly tried, convicted, and sentenced to serve a term of three years in the state penitentiary.
The testimony offered by the State, if believed, was amply sufficient to sustain the verdict; and there was no reversible error in the instruction to the jury to the effect that the appellants were guilty if they were present aiding, abetting, and assisting in feloniously taking, stealing, and carrying away the property in question. We think counsel for appellants is in error in the contention that there was no evidence of a conspiracy between these parties; but, if there were no conspiracy, the appellants would still be guilty if they were present and aided, abetted, and assisted in the commission of the crime.
Appellants also assign as error certain statements made by counsel for the State in his closing argument before the jury. The language complained of, as set forth in a special bill of exceptions, was as follows: "Gentlemen of the jury, Condia and Dillon are not on trial at this time. We have made inquiry about them and no one seems to know where they are. We therefore are inclined to believe that Condia and Joe Dillon have joined the Bird gang. They are gone to unknown part."
There was no evidence in the record that the co-defendants, Joe Dillon and George Condia, had joined the "bird gang," and flown to parts unknown; but, if such were the fact, the State, upon objection, would not have been permitted to prove it. Pulpus v. State, 82 Miss. 548, 34 So. 2. The acts done and declarations made by one conspirator, after the completion or abandonment of the criminal enterprise, are inadmissible as evidence against a coconspirator. Lynes v. State, 36 Miss. 617; Simmons v. State, 61 Mass. 243. The above-quoted statements of the district attorney of facts not proved or provable in the trial of the appellants carried the clear intimation to the jury that the flight of the alleged coconspirators warranted the inference of their guilt, and the consequent inference of the guilt of all the alleged conspirators. We think the argument of counsel was prejudicial to the rights of appellant, and, for the error in overruling the objection thereto, the judgment of the court below will be reversed, and the cause remanded.
Reversed and remanded.