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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The subject child was born on March 29, 1996. The parties, mother and father, were divorced, with the judgment of divorce awarding custody to the mother and visitation rights to the father. On February 10, 2000, the Family Court transferred custody from the mother to the father without a hearing due to the mother's noncompliance with visitation provisions. The court also ordered an investigative report and scheduled further proceedings.

On April 4, 2001, during a court appearance, the father alleged the mother was jeopardizing the child's health, while the mother alleged the father was alienating the child from her. The court continued custody with the father "without prejudice," ordered forensic reports, and allowed discovery.

On February 7, 2002, after receiving a forensic report recommending custody with the father and visitation with the mother, the court issued an order granting the father custody on consent and supervised visitation to the mother. The mother later moved to resettle this order to clarify that custody was not granted on consent.

The resettled order dated April 14, 2003, granted a final custody order to the father on the merits and visitation on consent. The mother appealed the custody determination on the ground that she was never afforded a hearing.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether it was proper for the Family Court to issue a final custody order without conducting a full evidentiary hearing despite controverted allegations.
  2. Whether reliance on professional forensic reports without party consent is permissible in custody determinations.

Arguments of the Parties

The opinion does not contain a detailed account of the parties' legal arguments.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Matter of Hudgins v. Goodley, 301 A.D.2d 524 It is error to make a custody order on controverted allegations without a full hearing. The court found that custody was improperly awarded without a hearing despite controverted allegations.
Matter of Klang v. Klang, 235 A.D.2d 476 Confirms the necessity of a full hearing before deciding custody on contested issues. Supported the court’s conclusion that a hearing was required before final custody determination.
Wilson v. Wilson, 226 A.D.2d 711 Professional reports containing hearsay are inadmissible without party consent. The court held that reliance on forensic reports without consent was impermissible.
Matter of Brice v. Mitchell, 184 A.D.2d 1008 Reinforces the inadmissibility of hearsay in custody proceedings absent consent. Used to justify the rejection of forensic reports as sole evidence without consent.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The court recognized that custody orders must be based on a full evidentiary hearing when controverted allegations exist. Here, allegations that the mother jeopardized the child's health and that the father alienated the child were directly contested. The court emphasized that issuing a custody order without such a hearing was an error of law. Furthermore, the court highlighted that reliance on professional forensic reports without the parties’ consent is improper because these reports contain inadmissible hearsay. Consequently, the court reversed the resettled order and remitted the matter for an evidentiary hearing to be conducted promptly, ensuring a new custody determination grounded on admissible evidence and full examination of the facts.

Holding and Implications

The resettled order awarding final custody to the father is reversed insofar as appealed from. The matter is remitted to the Family Court for an evidentiary hearing and a new custody determination based on that hearing. Pending this new determination, custody remains with the father.

This decision directly affects the parties by requiring a full hearing before final custody decisions can be made on contested facts. The court did not establish new precedent but reaffirmed established legal principles regarding custody proceedings and evidentiary standards.

IN THE MATTER OF SHAFIQUR R. KHAN, respondent, v. NAJMA BEGUM DOLLY, appellant.

DECISION ORDER

ORDERED that the resettled order is reversed insofar as appealed from, on the law and as a matter of discretion, without costs or disbursements, and the matter is remitted to the Family Court, Queens County, for an evidentiary hearing to be conducted with all deliberate speed and a new determination based thereon; and it is further,

ORDERED that pending a new determination custody of the child shall remain with the father.

The subject child was born on March 29, 1996. Thereafter the parties were divorced. The judgment of divorce awarded the mother custody and the father visitation.

By order dated February 10, 2000, the Family Court, without a hearing, transferred custody from the mother to the father on the ground that the mother was not complying with the visitation provisions of the judgment of divorce. The Family Court, in a separate order also dated February 10, 2000, inter alia, directed preparation and filing of an investigative report, and adjourned the matter to a date certain.

On April 4, 2001, the parties appeared before the Family Court with counsel. During the colloquy, the father alleged that the mother was jeopardizing the child's health and the mother alleged that the father was alienating the child from her. The mother's counsel requested a full hearing. The Family Court continued custody with the father "without prejudice," directed forensic reports, and adjourned the matter to permit counsel to engage in discovery.

On February 7, 2002, the parties again appeared before the Family Court with counsel. The Family Court noted that it had a forensic report from a professional who concluded that the best interest of child was to have custody with the father and visitation with the mother. The mother was advised that the only issue before the court was the issue of visitation and consented to "therapeutic visitation."

The Family Court issued an order dated February 7, 2002, which recited that upon the father's petition pursuant to Family Court article 6 for custody, "on consent, final order of custody to petitioner father and order of visitation for child and mother to be supervised."

Thereafter, the mother moved to resettle the order dated February 7, 2002, to provide that the custody determination was not entered on consent. That motion was granted and the resettled order appealed from dated April 14, 2003, was issued stating that "on the merits, final order of custody to petitioner father and as to the issue of visitation on consent, visitation for child and mother to be supervised." By its terms, the resettled order is a dispositional order with respect to the father's petition for custody. The mother appeals from that custody determination on the ground that she was never afforded a hearing.

The law is well settled that, as a general rule, it is error as a matter of law to make an order respecting custody based upon controverted allegations without the benefit of a full hearing ( see Matter of Hudgins v. Goodley, 301 A.D.2d 524; Matter of Klang v. Klang, 235 A.D.2d 476). The record contains controverted allegations, inter alia, that the mother was jeopardizing the child's health and the father was alienating the child from his mother. Moreover, reliance upon professional reports without the consent of the parties is impermissible, since such reports contain inadmissible hearsay ( see Wilson v. Wilson, 226 A.D.2d 711; Matter of Brice v. Mitchell, 184 A.D.2d 1008).

In view of the foregoing, the resettled order appealed from is reversed insofar as appealed from and the matter is remitted to the Family Court, Queens County, for an evidentiary hearing to be conducted with all deliberate speed and a new determination based thereon.

GOLDSTEIN, J.P., H. MILLER, ADAMS and COZIER, JJ., concur.

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IN THE MATTER OF KHAN v. DOLLY
(Apr 5, 2004)