JEREMIAH LYNCH, Magistrate Judge
I. INTRODUCTION AND IN FORMA PAUPERIS APPLICATION
On January 21, 2011, Plaintiff Charles Fiechtner, Sr. filed a Complaint together with a Motion to Proceed In Forma Pauperis under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a). Fiechtner is proceeding pro se in this action.
A court may grant leave to proceed in forma pauperis if the applicant's affidavit sufficiently indicates that the applicant cannot pay court costs and still provide the necessities of life for himself and his family. Adkins v. E.I. Du Pont de Nemours Co., 335 U.S. 331, 339 (1948). It is well established that the district court has discretion in determining whether a litigant is entitled to proceed in forma pauperis. Weller v. Dickson, 314 F.2d 598, 600 (9th Cir. 1963).
The Court finds Fiechtner's Motion to Proceed In Forma Pauperis is incomplete, and does not provide the Court with sufficient financial information to determine whether he is eligible for the "privilege" of proceeding in forma pauperis. Weller, 314 F.2d at 600. Fiechtner has failed to provide answers to some of the questions asked on the application form, and some of the information he has provided is vague.
The Court notes that Fiechtner has seven other recently filed lawsuits pending in this Court identified as follows:
Fiechtner v. GEICO Ins., et al., CV 11-6-M-DWM-JCL
Fiechtner v. Peevey, et al., CV 11-7-M-DWM-JCL
Fiechtner v. Cookies Market/Garson, et al., CV 11-10-M-DWM-JCL
Fiechtner v. Motor Vehicle Commission, et al., CV 11-12-M-DWM-JCL
Fiechtner v. Bio Life Plasma, et al., CV 11-13-M-DWM-JCL
Fiechtner v. Goldberg and Osborne, et al., CV 11-15-M-DWM-JCL
Fiechtner v. Highland Park Apts., et al., CV 11-16-M-DWM-JCL
Fiechtner's in forma pauperis applications filed in these referenced cases are similarly incomplete. By Order entered January 31, 2011, and filed in Fiechtner v. Peevey, et al., CV 11-7-M-DWM-JCL, the Court has directed Fiechtner to file a new in forma pauperis application on a form provided to him by the Court. Once Fiechtner files his new application in that case the Court will deem it as filed in each of Fiechtner's referenced cases for purposes of assessing Fiechtner's eligibility for proceeding in forma pauperis in those cases.
Despite the information missing from Fiechtner's present Motion to Proceed In Forma Pauperis, the Court finds that his motion and declaration otherwise satisfy the showing required by 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a). Because it appears Fiechtner may lack sufficient funds to prosecute this action IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that his Motion to Proceed In Forma Pauperis is CONDITIONALLY GRANTED, subject to Fiechtner's compliance with the provisions of the January 31, 2011 Order entered in CV 11-7-M-DWM-JCL requiring him to file the Long Form application. At this juncture, this action may proceed without prepayment of the filing fee, and the Clerk of Court shall file Fiechtner's Complaint as of January 21, 2011.
Following review of Fiechtner's Long Form application the Court will reconsider whether he remains eligible to proceed in forma pauperis. If Fiechtner fails to file the Long Form, the conditional grant of his Motion to Proceed In Forma Pauperis will be subject to revocation.
Pending further review of Fiechtner's financial condition, the Court will proceed to consider whether his Complaint is subject to dismissal under the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) below. The federal statute under which leave to proceed in forma pauperis is permitted requires the Court to conduct a preliminary screening of the allegations set forth in the Complaint. The statute states as follows:
(2) Notwithstanding any filing fee, or any portion thereof, that may have been paid, the court shall dismiss the case at any time if the court determines that —
(A) the allegation of poverty is untrue; or
(B) the action or appeal —
(i) is frivolous or malicious;
(ii) fails to state a claim on which relief may be granted; or
(iii) seeks monetary relief against a defendant who is immune from such relief.
28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2). Accordingly, the Court will review Fiechtner's Complaint to consider whether it can survive dismissal under these provisions.
See Huftile v. Miccio-Fonseca, 410 F.3d 1136, 1138, 1142 (9
th Cir. 2005).
II. PLAINTIFF'S ALLEGATIONS
Fiechtner's Complaint advances a cause of action for violations of his "constitutional civil rights" which occurred in 2002. For his supporting facts Fiechtner simply states: "I also need to summons medical records because of head injury[,] not sure of exact[] dates." Fiechtner does not describe any further facts in support of his claim. Fiechtner proceeds to describe injuries he has allegedly suffered, and for his relief he seeks compensation for his injuries.
In the caption of the Complaint, Fiechtner identifies the "Maricopa Integrated Health System Emergency" in Arizona as the Defendant, but he does not set forth allegations in the body of the Complaint fully describing what that entity did or failed to do. In the body of his Complaint Fiechtner identifies "Insurance Company/ACCHS" as the Defendant, but does not describe that entity's specific involvement. Fiechtner has not stated any facts describing what each Defendant did which Fiechtner believes gives rise to their liability.
III. DISCUSSION
Because Fiechtner is proceeding pro se the Court must construe his pleading liberally, and the pleading is held "to less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers[.]" Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520 (1972). See also Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 330 n. 9 (1989). Although the Court has authority to dismiss a defective pleading pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2),
a district court should grant leave to amend even if no request to amend the pleading was made, unless it determines that the pleading could not possibly be cured by the allegation of other facts.
Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122, 1127 (9
th Cir. 2000) (quoting
Doe v. United States, 58 F.3d 494, 497 (9
th Cir. 1995)).
A. Jurisdiction
In addition to the grounds for dismissal set forth in 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) above, to avoid dismissal Fiechtner's Complaint must set forth sufficient allegations to invoke the jurisdiction of this Court. Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(a)(1).
Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction. They possess only that power authorized by Constitution and statute[.] . . . It is to be presumed that a cause lies outside this limited jurisdiction, . . . and the burden of establishing the contrary rests upon the party asserting jurisdiction[.]
Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. of America, 511 U.S. 375, 377 (1994) (citations omitted). A plaintiff bears the burden to establish jurisdiction.
Farmers Ins. Ex. v. Portage La Prairie Mut. Ins. Co., 907 F.2d 911, 912 (9
th Cir. 1990).
Pro se litigants are "bound by the rules of procedure." Ghazali v. Moran, 46 F.3d 52, 54 (9th Cir. 1995).
Furthermore, the federal courts are obligated to independently examine their own jurisdiction. FW/PBS, Inc. v. City of Dallas, 493 U.S. 215, 231 (1990). And a district court may dismiss an action sua sponte whenever it appears that jurisdiction is lacking. Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(h)(3); Fiedler v. Clark, 714 F.2d 77, 789 (9th Cir. 1983).
A federal court's jurisdiction is generally limited to cases involving diversity of citizenship ( 28 U.S.C. § 1332), a federal question ( 28 U.S.C. § 1331), or cases in which the United States is a party ( 28 U.S.C. §§ 1345 and 1346). Sections 1345 and 1346 are not applicable in this case because the United States is not a party to this action.
1. Diversity Jurisdiction
Diversity jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a) requires complete diversity of citizenship between the plaintiff and each of the defendants. Williams v. United Airlines, Inc., 500 F.3d 1019, 1025 (9th Cir. 2007) (citing Exxon Mobil Corp. v. Allapattah Services, Inc., 545 U.S. 546, 553 (2005)). Each plaintiff must be a citizen of a different state than each of the defendants. Morris v. Princess Cruises, Inc. 236 F.3d 1061, 1067 (9th Cir. 2001).
Fiechtner has not plead any facts establishing either his citizenship, or the citizenship of each Defendant he intends to sue in this action. Therefore, Fiechtner has not presented sufficient information on which the Court can assess whether diversity jurisdiction exists under 28 U.S.C. § 1332.
2. Federal Question Jurisdiction
Federal question jurisdiction requires that the plaintiff's civil action must arise "under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States." 28 U.S.C. § 1331. As presently pled, Fiechtner's Complaint fails to set forth a clear basis for federal question jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1331. Although Fiechtner refers generally to "constitutional civil rights" violations, Fiechtner's Complaint does not expressly plead any cause of action arising under any specific provision of the United States Constitution, or the laws or treaties of the United States as required for jurisdiction under § 1331. If Fiechtner intends to plead a cause of action under federal law, then he must identify the specific federal right he alleges Defendants violated. As pled, however, Fiechtner's allegations fail to state a claim on which relief could be granted which would invoke this Court's federal question jurisdiction. B. Venue
Federal law at 28 U.S.C. § 1391 sets forth the rules for determining the proper venue for cases filed in the federal courts. In general, the proper venue for an action in federal court is "(1) a judicial district where any defendant resides, if all defendants reside in the same State, (2) a judicial district in which a substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred, or a substantial part of property that is the subject of the action is situated, [. . .] (3) a judicial district in which any defendant is subject to personal jurisdiction at the time the action is commenced, if there is no district in which the action may otherwise be brought.[,]" or (4) "a judicial district in which any defendant may be found, if there is no district in which the action may otherwise be brought." 28 U.S.C. § 1391(a) and (b).
Under the circumstances of this case, Fiechtner's allegations do not establish that venue is proper in Montana under any of the alternative provisions of § 1391. Fiechtner does not allege that all Defendants reside in the District of Montana. Additionally, at this stage of the pleadings Fiechtner's allegations do not establish that all of the events or omissions that are the subject of this lawsuit occurred in the State of Montana. Instead, Fiechtner's allegations suggest the operative events or omissions occurred in the State of Arizona. Finally, Fiechtner's allegations do not invoke the venue provisions in alternatives (3) or (4) listed above.
Absent sufficient allegations establishing that the District of Montana is the proper venue for this action, this lawsuit is subject to transfer or dismissal based on improper venue as provided under 28 U.S.C. § 1406(a). The district court has discretion in determining whether to either dismiss or transfer an action under § 1406(a). King v. Russell, 963 F.2d 1301, 1304 (9th Cir. 1992).
C. Short and Plain Statement of Jurisdiction, Venue, Claims and Relief
Fiechtner is advised that Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 8(a) requires "a short and plain statement of the grounds for the court's jurisdiction," "a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief," and "a demand for the relief sought." Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(a). For purposes of stating a claim for relief, a pleading need only "give the defendant fair notice of what the . . . claim is and the grounds upon which it rests." Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 93 (2007) (internal quotations and citations omitted).
Fiechtner must provide short and plain statements advising the Court of the following:
(1) what it is that the Maricopa Integrated Health System Emergency and Insurance Company/ACCHS each did or failed to do; and
(2) what injury Fiechtner suffered as a result of each Defendant's conduct.
Additionally, Fiechtner must set forth factual allegations establishing this Court's jurisdiction. Specifically, Fiechtner shall expressly plead:
(1) facts establishing diversity of citizenship, and that the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $75,000. Fiechtner shall identify the State of which each Defendant is a citizen; or
(2) facts establishing that his claims arise under the United States Constitution or some other federally protected right. To the extent possible, Fiechtner shall identify the specific federal right plaintiff believes was violated by the conduct of each Defendant.
Finally, Fiechtner must plead facts which establish that the District of Montana is the proper venue for this action. Specifically, Fiechtner shall identify:
(1) the State in which Maricopa Integrated Health System Emergency and Insurance Company/ACCHS each reside; and
(2) the State in which the events or omissions giving rise to his claims occurred.
IV. CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing, the Court finds Fiechtner's Complaint, as presently pled, is subject to dismissal for lack of jurisdiction, improper venue, and for failure to state a claim on which relief could be granted. In view of Fiechtner's pro se status, however, the Court will afford him an opportunity amend his allegations to cure the defects noted in this Order.
ACCORDINGLY, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that on or before February 11, 2011, Fiechtner shall file an amended complaint. The Clerk of Court is directed to provide him with a form for filing an amended complaint. Pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(a), Fiechtner's amended complaint shall set forth a short and plain statement of (1) his claims against each individual defendant showing that he is entitled to relief, (2) the grounds for the court's jurisdiction over this action, and (3) the facts which indicate that the District of Montana is the proper venue for this lawsuit.
At all times during the pendency of this action, Fiechtner shall immediately advise the Court of any change of address and its effective date. Such notice shall be captioned "NOTICE OF CHANGE OF ADDRESS." Failure to file a NOTICE OF CHANGE OF ADDRESS may result in the dismissal of the action for failure to prosecute pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 41(b).
Fiechtner is advised that his failure to prosecute this action, to comply with the Court's orders, or to comply with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure may also result in a recommendation that this case be dismissed with prejudice pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 41(b). The Court may dismiss this case under Rule 41(b) sua sponte under certain circumstances. See, e.g., Link v. Wabash Railroad Co., 370 U.S. 626, 633 (1962); Hells Canyon Preservation Council v. United States Forest Serv., 403 F.3d 683, 689 (9th Cir. 2005).
DATED this 1st day of February, 2011.