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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The petitioner, a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) engaged in consultancy related to Feng Shui, filed a writ petition seeking a writ of mandamus directing the respondents to change its status from "Defunct" to "Active" in official records and on the website. The petitioner had nominal revenue until 2016 but faced financial difficulties in 2017, resulting in failure to upload the Statement of Account and Solvency (LLP-8) and Annual Returns (LLP-11) for 2016 and 2017. Respondents, assuming the petitioner had ceased operations, issued a notice on 16.03.2018 requiring a representation; the petitioner subsequently filed the required documents within the stipulated period, believing it had complied with statutory requirements. However, without further notice or opportunity for hearing, respondents changed the petitioner’s status to "Defunct." The petitioner made a representation dated 14.08.2019 requesting restoration of "Active" status, which respondents had not acted upon, prompting this writ petition.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the respondents are obligated to consider and decide upon the petitioner’s representation requesting restoration of its status from "Defunct" to "Active" in accordance with law.
  2. Whether the respondents erred in changing the petitioner’s status to "Defunct" without issuing a notice or providing an opportunity of hearing.

Arguments of the Parties

Petitioner’s Arguments

  • The petitioner LLP is an ongoing concern actively engaged in business despite financial difficulties in 2017.
  • Failure to upload statutory documents for 2016 and 2017 was due to financial crisis, but the petitioner complied by filing them upon notice.
  • The respondents changed the status to "Defunct" without notice or opportunity for hearing.
  • The petitioner made a representation requesting restoration of "Active" status, which respondents have not acted upon.
  • The petitioner seeks a writ of mandamus directing respondents to consider and decide the representation.

Respondents’ Arguments

  • The respondents submitted that the petitioner’s representation will be considered and appropriate orders passed in accordance with law.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court acknowledged that the petitioner LLP is an ongoing business entity which, due to financial difficulties, failed to timely file statutory returns for 2016 and 2017. Upon receiving notice, the petitioner complied by filing the required documents and believed it had met statutory obligations. The respondents, however, changed the petitioner’s status from "Active" to "Defunct" without issuing any prior notice or providing an opportunity of hearing, which was procedurally improper. The Court observed that it is a well-settled legal obligation for the Registrar of Companies or concerned authority to consider any representation made by an aggrieved party requesting restoration of status and to pass appropriate orders in accordance with law. Since the respondents had not done so despite the petitioner’s representation dated 14.08.2019, the petitioner was entitled to relief by way of a writ of mandamus directing the respondents to consider and decide the representation within a stipulated timeframe.

Holding and Implications

The writ petition is allowed. The Court directed respondent No.2 to consider the petitioner’s representation dated 14.08.2019 and pass an appropriate order in accordance with law within one month from receipt of a copy of the order. The writ petition is accordingly disposed of.

The decision mandates procedural fairness by requiring respondents to consider representations for status restoration before effecting changes, but does not set any new precedent beyond the facts of the case.

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    SWARNAPADME CONSULTING LLP v. UNION OF INDIA

    Sri Thimmanna Bhat, learned Central Government Counsel is directed to take notice for the respondents.

    2. Learned counsel for the petitioner files a memo dated 04.11.2019, seeking to dismiss prayer a of the writ petition as not pressed for time being. Said memo is placed on record.

    3. In view of the memo, the prayer a of the writ petition is dismissed as not pressed for time being.

    4. The petitioner filed the present writ petition for writ of mandamus directing the respondents to change the status of the petitioner from the Defunct to Active in its records and website as sought for in the representation dated 14.08.2019 given by the petitioner as per Annexure-B.

    5. It is the case of the petitioner that the petitioner is a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) which is engaged in the business of consultancy in the FENG SHUI (in Chinese thought) a system of laws considered to govern spatial arrangement and orientation in relation to the flow of energy (chi) and whose favourable or unfavourable effects are taken into account when designing buildings. It is further contended that the petitioner (LLP) had a nominal revenue of Rs.3,54,000/- till 2016. However, due to financial crisis, it failed to earn any revenue in the year 2017. Since the petitioner was very much occupied in developing its business activity and since it had no revenue for the year 2017, it failed to upload its Statement of Account and Solvency (i.e. LLP-8) and Annual Returns (i.e. LLP-11) for the period of 2016 and 2017. Even today the petitioner LLP is an ongoing concern and is actively involved in business.

    6. It is further case of the petitioner that on 16.03.2018, since the petitioner LLP failed to upload its Statement of Account and Solvency and Annual Returns for the period of 2016 and 2017, the respondents were under the impression that the petitioner has stopped its operation and also business and had issued a notice vide Annexure-A seeking representation form from the petitioner, failing which, the name of the petitioner would be removed from the register of Limited Liability Partnership. On receipt of the said notice, the petitioner within a period of 30 days, has filed the Statement of Accounts and Solvency and Annual Returns for financial year of 2016 and 2017 within the time notified, it was under the bonafide impression that it has complied with the statutory provisions and as such, did not find it necessary to give reply to the said notice dated 16.03.2018.

    7. It is further case of the petitioner that on 23.05.2018, when the petitioner tried to file Statement of Accounts and Solvency and Annual Returns for the year 2018, the petitioner came to know that the respondents without issuing any notice and thereby without providing any opportunity of hearing have changed the petitioner LLP from active to defunct status. Therefore, the petitioner is before this Court for the relief sought for.

    8. I have heard learned counsel for the parties to lis.

    9. Sri Vivekananda, learned counsel for Smt.V.Gangabai, learned counsel for the petitioner reiterating the grounds urged in the writ petition contended that inspite of the representation made by the petitioner as per Annexure-B dated 14.08.2019, requesting the respondents to restore the status of the company from defunct to active, till today, the respondents have not taken any action. Because of the inaction of the respondents, the petitioner LLP is driven before the Court for the relief sought for. Therefore, he sought to allow the writ petition.

    10. Per contra Sri Thimmanna Bhat, learned CGC for respondents rightly and fairly submits that the representation of the petitioner will be considered by respondent Nos.1 and 2 and appropriate orders will be passed in accordance with law. Said submission is placed on record.

    11. Having heard learned counsel for the parties, it is the case of the petitioner that though the petitioner LLP is on going concern and actively involved in the business, due to financial problems, not uploaded Statement of accounts, Solvency and Annual Returns for the period of 2016 and 2017. The respondents under the impression that the petitioner has stopped its operation and also business issued a notice to the petitioner LLP. In response to the said notice, the petitioner filed the Annual Returns and intimated that the petitioner has complied the statutory provisions. The respondent without giving an opportunity, changed petitioners status from active to defunct. Therefore, the petitioner made representation to the respondents as per Annexure-B. It is well settled that whenever an aggrieved party made representation to the concerned Registrar of Companies, requesting the authority concerned to restore the petitioner company status as active from defunct, it is the duty and obligation on the part of the respondent to consider the representation and pass appropriate order in accordance with law. Same has not been done in the present case. Therefore, the petitioner has made out a case to issue writ of mandamus as prayed for in the writ petition.

    12. In view of the above, the writ petition is allowed. The respondent No.2 is hereby directed to consider the representation of the petitioner dated 14.08.2019 as per Annexure B and pass appropriate order in accordance with law within a period of one month from the date of receipt of copy of this order. Accordingly, the writ petition is disposed off. Sd/- JUDGE

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    SWARNAPADME CONSULTING LLP v. UNION OF INDIA
    (Nov 4, 2019)