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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

This appeal by the Revenue under section 260A of the Income-tax Act, 1961, arises from a decision of the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal dated July 27, 2010, concerning the assessment year 2004–05. The Revenue challenged the Tribunal's decision on three questions of law related to depreciation on a stock exchange membership card, treatment of bad debt, and remittance of an issue back to the Assessing Officer regarding the levy of interest under section 234C.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the Tribunal was correct in allowing depreciation on the first stock exchange membership card purchased in 1995–96, given that under section 32 of the Income-tax Act, depreciation on such intangible assets is available only if acquired on or after April 1, 1998.
  2. Whether the Tribunal was correct in holding that the issue of bad debt is covered by the Special Bench decision in Deputy CIT v. Shreyas S. Morakhia, despite the Revenue not accepting that decision and having filed an appeal against it in the High Court of Bombay.
  3. Whether the Tribunal was correct in remitting the matter back to the Assessing Officer to examine and decide the issue of levy of interest under section 234C in light of the decision of the jurisdictional High Court in Prime Securities Ltd., after giving the assessee a reasonable opportunity of hearing, when the question of law involving levy of interest is still open.

Arguments of the Parties

Revenue's Arguments

  • Question (i) was implicitly challenged but later governed by the court’s judgment in CIT v. Kotak Securities Ltd., which resolved the issue against raising a substantial question of law.
  • For question (ii), the Revenue did not accept the Special Bench decision in Deputy CIT v. Shreyas S. Morakhia and had filed an appeal in the High Court of Bombay.
  • Regarding question (iii), the Revenue argued that the decision in Prime Securities Ltd. was distinguishable on facts and circumstances and would not apply to the present case. They also noted that a special leave petition against Prime Securities Ltd. was dismissed by the Supreme Court leaving the question of law open. Furthermore, the Revenue contended that the Assessing Officer lacks the power to waive or remit interest under section 234B, which power is vested only in the Chief Commissioner and Director General by CBDT instructions dated June 26, 2006.

Assessee's Arguments

  • Both parties agreed that question (i) is governed by the court’s judgment in CIT v. Kotak Securities Ltd., negating any substantial question of law.
  • Both parties agreed that question (ii) is covered in favor of the assessee by the judgment of this court in CIT v. Shreyas S. Morakhia Income Tax Appeal 89 of 2011.
  • Regarding question (iii), the assessee relied on the Tribunal’s direction to remit the matter back to the Assessing Officer to examine the issue in light of the Prime Securities Ltd. decision, ensuring a reasonable opportunity of hearing.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
CIT v. Kotak Securities Ltd. (No. 1), [2012] 346 ITR 349 (Bom) Clarification on depreciation on intangible assets acquired before April 1, 1998. Governed question (i), leading the court to hold no substantial question of law arose.
Deputy CIT v. Shreyas S. Morakhia, [2010] 5 ITR (Trib) 1 : [2010] 40 SOT 432 Treatment of bad debt in income tax assessments. Referenced in question (ii); court held the issue covered in favor of the assessee by a later judgment.
CIT v. Shreyas S. Morakhia Income Tax Appeal 89 of 2011, [2012] 342 ITR 285 (Bom) Judicial interpretation favoring the assessee on bad debt issue. Confirmed that question (ii) did not raise a substantial question of law.
Prime Securities Ltd. v. Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax (Investigation), [2011] 333 ITR 464 (Bom) Examination of default in payment of advance tax and related interest liability. Formed basis for remitting question (iii) back to the Assessing Officer for fresh examination with due opportunity.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The court analyzed the three questions of law raised by the Revenue as follows:

For question (i), both parties agreed that the issue was governed by the court's prior judgment in CIT v. Kotak Securities Ltd., which resolved the depreciation question, leading the court to conclude no substantial question of law arose.

Regarding question (ii), the court noted that both parties accepted the issue was covered in favor of the assessee by the judgment in CIT v. Shreyas S. Morakhia, thus no substantial question of law was raised.

On question (iii), the court examined the Tribunal’s decision to remit the matter back to the Assessing Officer for reconsideration in light of the Prime Securities Ltd. decision. The Revenue contended the decision was distinguishable and raised procedural limitations on the Assessing Officer’s powers. However, the court observed that the Tribunal’s order left all questions open for determination by the Assessing Officer, including the applicability of the Prime Securities Ltd. ruling. Consequently, the court found no substantial question of law arose at this stage.

Holding and Implications

The court DISMISSED the appeal by the Revenue, holding that none of the questions raised involved any substantial question of law warranting interference at this stage.

The direct effect is that the Tribunal’s decision stands affirmed, and the matter relating to the levy of interest under section 234C is remitted to the Assessing Officer for fresh examination. No new precedent was established by this ruling.

    Commissioner Of Income-Tax v. Kotak Securities Ltd. (No. 2)

    1. This appeal by the Revenue under section 260A of the Income-tax Act, 1961, arises from a decision of the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal dated July 27, 2010. The assessment year to which the appeal relates is the assessment year 2004–05. The following questions of law have been raised by the Revenue:

    “(i) Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in allowing depreciation on the first stock exchange membership card purchased by the assessee in the financial year 1995–96 when under the provisions of section 32 of the Income-tax Act, depreciation on such an intangible asset is available if the asset is acquired on or after April 1, 1998?

    (ii) Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in holding that the issue of bad debt is covered by the decision of the Special Bench in the case of Deputy CIT v. Shreyas S. Morakhia, [2010] 5 ITR (Trib) 1 : [2010] 40 SOT 432 when the Revenue has not accepted the said decision and has filed an appeal against the said order in the hon'ble High Court of Bombay?

    (iii) Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, the Tribunal was right in law in remitting the matter back to the file of the Assessing Officer with a direction to examine and decide the issue in the light of the decision of the hon'ble jurisdictional High Court in the case of Prime Securities Ltd. after giving reasonable opportunity of hearing to the assessee when the question of law involving levy of interest under section 234C is still open?”

    2. Counsel appearing on behalf of the Revenue and counsel appearing on behalf of the assessee state that question (i) will stand governed by the judgment rendered today by this court in companion Income Tax Appeal 206 of 2012 for the assessment year 2002–03 (since reported in CIT v. Kotak Securities Ltd. (No. 1), [2012] 346 ITR 349 (Bom)).

    3. In view of this statement, the first question will not raise any substantial question of law.

    4. As regards the second question, both counsel appearing on behalf of the Revenue and counsel appearing on behalf of the assessee state that the issue will stand covered in favour of the assessee and against the Revenue by the judgment of this court in CIT v. Shreyas S. Morakhia Income Tax Appeal 89 of 2011, decided on February 28, 2012—since reported in [2012] 342 ITR 285 (Bom). In view of the statement, question (ii) will not raise any substantial question of law.

    5. As regards question (iii), the Tribunal has, in paragraph 46 of its decision, adverted to the judgment of this court in Prime Securities Ltd. v. Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax (Investigation)), [2011] 333 ITR 464 (Bom). The Tribunal has observed as follows:

    “In the case under consideration, neither the Assessing Officer nor the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) has examined and brought on record that the assessee has committed default in payment of advance tax. After considering the facts of the case and in view of the decision of the jurisdictional High Court in the case of Prime Securities Ltd., [2011] 333 ITR 464 (Bom), we remit the matter back to the file of the Assessing Officer with a direction to examine and decide the issue in the light of the decision of the hon'ble jurisdictional High Court in the case of Prime Securities Ltd., [2011] 333 ITR 464 (Bom), after giving reasonable opportunity of hearing to the assessee.”

    6. Counsel appearing on behalf of the Revenue submits that the decision in Prime Securities Ltd., [2011] 333 ITR 464 (Bom) is clearly distinguishable on the facts and in the circumstances which existed in that case and which form the foundation of the judgment of the Division Bench and would not apply to the facts of the present case. Moreover, it has been pointed out that a special leave petition, which was filed before the Supreme Court against the decision in Prime Securities Ltd., [2011] 333 ITR 464 (Bom), was dismissed on September 16, 2011, with a specific observation that the petition was dismissed on the facts of the case, leaving the question of law open. In the present case, it has been urged that the Assessing Officer does not have the power to waive or remit interest by virtue of section 234B since the jurisdiction to do so is only conferred upon the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax and the Director General by instructions of the Central Board of Direct Taxes, dated June 26, 2006. The Tribunal, as noted above, has considered it appropriate to restore the issue back to the Assessing Officer on the ground that neither the Assessing Officer nor the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) has considered as to whether there was a default, on the part of the assessee in the payment of advance tax. Since the Tribunal has merely restored the issue to the file of the Assessing Officer, we are not inclined to entertain this appeal as giving rise to any substantial question of law since we are of the view that the order of the Tribunal, if appropriately construed, leaves open all questions to be decided by the Assessing Officer, including on the applicability of the decision of this court in the case of Prime Securities Ltd., [2011] 333 ITR 464 (Bom). In other words, the Assessing Officer would consider the entire issue as having been left open to determine in accordance with law.

    7. For the aforesaid reasons, we do not consider that any substantial question of law would arise at this stage. The appeal is accordingly dismissed.

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    Comments

    Commissioner Of Income-Tax v. Kotak Securities Ltd. (No. 2)
    (Apr 3, 2012)