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Disposition
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  • The amended Karnataka Land Reforms Act, 1974
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Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Judges
Acts
  • The amended Karnataka Land Reforms Act, 1974
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

Smt. Bhagavva owned Survey Plots Nos. 629/1 and 629/2. On 20-12-1972 she executed an agreement to sell the land to Respondent 1 for Rs 11,500, and the respondent allegedly took possession pursuant to that agreement. Respondent 1 later filed, but withdrew, a suit for specific performance of the agreement.

The amended Karnataka Land Reforms Act came into force on 01-03-1974. In 1975 Respondent 1 filed Form 7 before the Land Tribunal seeking occupancy rights. The Tribunal rejected the application on 06-10-1985. Smt. Bhagavva’s subsequent suit for recovery of possession was dismissed for default.

Respondent 1 challenged the Tribunal’s rejection through a writ petition. Despite delay, the High Court entertained the petition, set aside the Tribunal’s order, and remanded the matter for fresh adjudication. After remand, the appellant purchased the land from Smt. Bhagavva. The Tribunal again rejected Respondent 1’s claim after allowing both sides to adduce evidence.

On appeal, the Land Reforms Appellate Tribunal held that Respondent 1 was a tenant on the relevant date and therefore entitled to occupancy rights. A revision before the High Court failed, leading to the present appeal.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether Respondent 1 was a tenant of the disputed land on the relevant date and had consequently acquired occupancy rights under the Karnataka Land Reforms Act.
  2. Whether an alleged admission in Respondent 1’s written statement (filed in Suit No. OS 19 of 1977) could be relied upon in this appeal to negate his status as a tenant.
  3. Whether a mere statement in the appellant’s written statement was sufficient to rebut the statutory presumption of correctness of revenue-record entries showing Respondent 1 as a tenant in 1973.

Arguments of the Parties

Appellant's Arguments

  • The written statement filed by Respondent 1 in Suit No. OS 19 of 1977 contains an admission that he entered possession under an agreement for sale; such an admission precludes him from claiming tenancy.
  • The presumption of correctness attaching to revenue records is rebuttable; the appellant’s own written statement rebuts the 1973 entry that characterised Respondent 1 as a tenant.

Respondent's Arguments

  • The written statement relied upon by the appellant was never part of the record before the lower forums and therefore cannot be considered at the appellate stage.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The court first addressed the appellant’s reliance on Respondent 1’s written statement. It noted that the document had not been produced before any of the lower courts and thus formed no part of the record. Consequently, the court refused to admit or consider it for the first time in the present appeal.

Turning to the contention regarding revenue records, the court agreed that entries carry only a rebuttable presumption of correctness. However, it emphasized that such presumption cannot be displaced by a bare assertion in a pleading. The appellant had not led any evidence to demonstrate that the 1973 entry listing Respondent 1 as a tenant was incorrect. Absent evidentiary rebuttal, the presumption stood unrebutted.

Having rejected both principal arguments, the court found no grounds to disturb the concurrent findings of the Appellate Tribunal and the High Court that Respondent 1 was a tenant entitled to occupancy rights.

Holding and Implications

Appeal Dismissed. No order as to costs.

The decision leaves intact the Appellate Tribunal’s determination that Respondent 1 acquired occupancy rights. The ruling turns on evidentiary sufficiency rather than the elaboration of new legal principles, and it does not set a broader precedent beyond the parties involved.

    Karewwa And Others v. Hussensab Khansaheb Wajantri And Others

    Order

    1. One Smt Bhagavva was the owner of Survey Plots Nos. 629/1 and 629/2. On 20-12-1972 Smt Bhagavva executed an agreement in favour of Respondent 1 for sale of the aforesaid land for consideration of a sum of Rs 11,500. The appellant alleged that the respondent came into possession upon the said land in pursuance of the said agreement. Subsequently the respondent filed a suit for specific performance of the agreement for sale of the land but the same was allowed to be withdrawn. On 1-3-1974 the amended Karnataka Land Reforms Act came into force. In the year 1975, the 1st respondent herein filed an application in Form 7 before the Land Tribunal for giving him occupancy rights in respect of the said land. The said application was rejected on 6-10-1985. Thereafter, Smt Bhagavva filed a suit for recovery of possession of the said land, which was dismissed in default. It appears that after the respondent's application for grant of occupancy right was rejected by the Land Tribunal, he filed a writ petition before the High Court of Karnataka. The High Court despite delay, entertained the petition and set aside the order of the Land Tribunal and remanded the matter to the Tribunal for deciding the case afresh after taking the evidence. Upon the matter being remanded to the Land Tribunal, the appellant purchased the land from Smt Bhagavva through a registered sale deed. The Tribunal after remand permitted the parties to lead evidence and after fresh inquiry rejected the claim of Respondent 1. Respondent 1, thereafter, preferred an appeal before the Land Reforms Appellate Tribunal. The Appellate Tribunal found that the 1st respondent was a tenant of the land on the relevant date and, therefore, has acquired occupancy rights. Consequently, the appeal was allowed. Aggrieved by the said order, the respondent filed a revision petition before the High Court but the same was dismissed. Against the said order, the appellant has filed this appeal.

    2. Learned counsel appearing for the appellant, on the strength of the written statement filed by Respondent 1 in Suit No. OS 19 of 1977 urged, that in view of admission by Respondent 1 that he entered into possession over the land in dispute on the basis of agreement for sale, he cannot be treated as a tenant of the land and, therefore, the judgment under challenge deserves to be set aside. Learned counsel appearing for the respondent urged that the written statement sought to be relied upon was not filed before the courts below and never formed part of the record of the case and, therefore, such a document cannot be looked into. We have looked into the record and find that the written statement sought to be relied upon by the appellant's counsel was not filed before the courts below, and the courts below had no occasion to consider the case of the party in the light of the said document. Under such circumstances, the said written statement cannot be permitted to be taken on record of the case. We are, therefore, not disposed to entertain the argument of learned counsel for the appellant based on the written statement, which has been filed for the first time in this appeal.

    3. Learned counsel then urged that presumption of the correctness of an entry in the revenue record is a rebuttable presumption. The appellant rebutted the presumption by stating in his written statement that Respondent 1 came into possession of the land on the basis of agreement for sale executed in the year 1972 and, therefore, the entry in the revenue record that the respondent was a tenant of the land in the year 1973 is incorrect. We do not dispute the legal position as stated by the learned counsel for the appellant, but the presumption of correctness of an entry in the revenue record cannot be rebutted by a statement in the written statement. Mere statement of fact in the written statement is not a rebuttal of presumption of correctness of an entry in the revenue record. The respondent was recorded as a tenant in the revenue record in the year 1973 and under law the presumption is that the entry is correct. It was for the appellant to rebut the presumption by leading evidence. The appellant has not led any evidence to show that entry in the revenue record is incorrect. We, therefore, do not find any merit in the contention.

    4. For the aforesaid reasons, we do not find any merit in this appeal. The appeal is, therefore, dismissed. There shall be no order as to costs.

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    Comments

    Karewwa And Others v. Hussensab Khansaheb Wajantri And Others
    (Mar 1, 2001)