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AMICUS AI
Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Attorney(S)
Judges
Acts
  • Section 44 of the Maharashtra Municipal Corporation Act, 1965
  • Section 44(1)(b) and Section 44(3) of the Maharashtra Municipal Corporation Act, 1965
  • Article 136 of the Constitution
  • Section 44(5) of the Act
  • Section 44(4) in Maharashtra Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats and Industrial Towns Act, 1965
  • Section 5, Subsection 2 of the 1983 Income Tax Act
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Cites
Cited by
Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Attorney(S)
Judges
Acts
  • Section 44 of the Maharashtra Municipal Corporation Act, 1965
  • Section 44(1)(b) and Section 44(3) of the Maharashtra Municipal Corporation Act, 1965
  • Article 136 of the Constitution
  • Section 44(5) of the Act
  • Section 44(4) in Maharashtra Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats and Industrial Towns Act, 1965
  • Section 5, Subsection 2 of the 1983 Income Tax Act
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The appellant, Shri Baby Samuel, was elected Councillor of the Khopoli Municipal Council in December 1991 and later became its President. While previously serving as Chairman of the contract-awarding committee, complaints were lodged against him, prompting the Collector to issue a show-cause notice under Section 44 of the Maharashtra Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats and Industrial Towns Act, 1965. On 4-10-1994, the Collector disqualified him as Councillor, thereby vacating his Presidency.

The appellant appealed to the State Government and sought a stay. When no interim relief was granted, he moved the Bombay High Court, which on 26-10-1994 directed the Government to decide the stay request within a week and the appeal within three months. Despite this, the Government took no immediate action, and the Collector convened an election on 8-11-1994 at which the contesting respondent, Shri Sable, was elected President.

On 7-1-1995, the Government allowed the appellant’s statutory appeal and set aside the Collector’s disqualification order. Shri Sable then filed Writ Petition (C) No. 675 of 1995 challenging the Government’s order, principally on the ground that he had not been heard. The appellant simultaneously filed Writ Petition (C) No. 1124 of 1995 seeking reinstatement. On 20-3-1995, a Division Bench of the High Court stayed the Government’s order (thereby favouring Shri Sable) and refused interim reinstatement to the appellant. Those interlocutory orders are the subject of the present appeals before the Supreme Court.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the Supreme Court should exercise its discretionary jurisdiction under Article 136 of the Constitution to interfere with interlocutory orders of the Bombay High Court that stayed the Government’s decision reinstating the appellant.
  2. Whether, upon the Government’s reversal of the Collector’s disqualification order, the appellant is entitled to automatic restoration both as Councillor and as President, rendering Shri Sable’s subsequent election invalid.

Arguments of the Parties

Arguments on behalf of Shri Sable (Respondent)

  • The impugned High Court orders are merely interlocutory; therefore, the Supreme Court should refrain from interference under Article 136 and instead direct an expedited hearing of the writ petitions.

Arguments on behalf of the Appellant (Shri Baby Samuel)

  • The municipal term will expire in 1996; delay in relief would cause irreparable prejudice as practical relief would become illusory.
  • The High Court’s interim orders effectively dismiss his writ petition while granting relief to Shri Sable, warranting Supreme Court intervention.
  • No fresh proceedings for his disqualification are pending; denying him office despite the Government’s exoneration punishes him without fault.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court noted that the Collector’s disqualification of the appellant directly caused both the loss of his Councillorship and the subsequent election of Shri Sable as President. Once the Government, exercising statutory appellate power under Section 44(4), set aside that disqualification, all consequential actions—including Shri Sable’s election—lose their legal foundation and must fall.

The Court rejected the respondent’s objection to Article 136 interference, stressing that denying the appellant restoration would effectively punish him despite his exoneration and that the High Court’s interim stay had the substantive effect of deciding the matter against him. Given the imminent end of the term and absence of any current disqualification proceedings, withholding relief would be unjust.

Consequently, the Court found the High Court’s orders unsustainable, as they ignored the logical consequence of the Government’s reversal and unjustly deprived the appellant of his offices.

Holding and Implications

Appeals Allowed. The Supreme Court set aside the Bombay High Court’s interim orders dated 20-3-1995. The appellant is to be reinstated immediately as Councillor and President of the Khopoli Municipal Council, and Shri Sable must vacate the presidency forthwith. No costs were awarded.

Implications: The decision restores the status quo ante created by the Government’s appellate order and underscores that consequential actions dependent on a disqualification order cannot survive once that order is annulled. The judgment resolves the dispute between the parties but sets no new precedent beyond affirming the Court’s willingness to intervene under Article 136 when interlocutory orders effectively determine substantive rights.

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    Baby Samuel v. Tukaram Laxman Sable And Others

    B.P Jeevan Reddy, J.— Leave granted. Heard counsel for the parties.

    2. The appellant was elected as a Councillor of the Khopoli Municipal Council in December 1991. The contesting respondent Shri Sable was also elected as a Councillor. On account of a vacancy occurring in the office of the President of Municipality, an election was held to that office wherein the appellant was elected as the President. Prior to becoming the President, the appellant was the Chairman of a Committee in charge of awarding contracts. On the basis of certain complaints pertaining to the period he was the Chairman of the said Committee, a notice was issued to the appellant by the Collector calling upon him to show cause why he should not be removed from the office of the Councillor under Section 44 of the Maharashtra Municipal Corporation Act, 1965. The appellant showed cause, whereafter the Collector removed him from the office of the Councillor by his order dated 4-10-1994. The operative portion of the order reads:

    “Therefore, I, G.T Bandri, Collector, Raigad-Alibag, hereby, am disqualifying Shri Baby Samuel, present Chairman Khopoli Municipal Council, as member of the Municipal Council, under Sections 44(1)(b) and 44(3) of Maharashtra Municipal Council Act, 1965, and I am declaring that his post as member of the Municipal Council has become vacant from the date 5-10-1994.”

    3. Against the said order of removal/disqualification the appellant filed an appeal before the Government under Section 44(5) of the Act along with an application for stay. Since no orders were passed on his stay petition, the appellant approached the Bombay High Court by way of Writ Petition (C) No. 4465 of 1994. The High Court directed the Government to dispose of the stay petition within one week and the appeal within three months from the date of its order. The order of the High Court was made on 26-10-1994. In spite of the orders of the High Court, the State Government did not pass any orders on the stay petition.

    4. In view of the vacancy occurring in the office of the President of the Municipality on account of the order disqualifying the appellant, the Collector convened a meeting on 8-11-1994 to elect the President of the Municipality, whereas the respondent Shri Sable was elected as the President.

    5. On 7-1-1995 the Government allowed the appeal filed by the appellant and set aside the order of the Collector dated 4-10-1994. The operative portion of the Government's Order reads:

    “In exercise of the powers conferred by Section 44(4) in Maharashtra Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats and Industrial Towns Act, 1965, the Government cancels the Order bearing No. MA 1/28444.M. No. 41 of 1994, dated 4-10-1994 passed by the Collector to disqualify Shri Baby Samuel as the member of the Municipal Council.”

    6. Questioning the aforesaid order of the Government, Shri Sable filed Writ Petition (C) No. 675 of 1995 contending mainly that before allowing the appeal he should have been heard and that not doing so vitiates the order. In this writ petition he applied for stay of implementation of the Government order. Simultaneously the appellant filed a writ petition being 1124 of 1995 for a direction to the authorities to reinstate him in the office of the President of the Municipality as a consequence of the Government's order. Both the interlocutory applications in the two writ petitions came up for hearing before a Division Bench on 20-3-1995. The Division Bench granted stay of the operation of the Government's order dated 7-1-1995 as prayed for by Shri Sable and rejected the application filed by the appellant to reinstate him in the office of the President. The said two orders are questioned in these appeals.

    7. The facts stated above disclose that the appellant was removed from the office of the Councillor and as a consequence he lost the office of the President of the Municipality. The Collector's order reads:

    “I … am disqualifying Shri Baby Samuel, present Chairman Khopoli Municipal Council, as member of the Municipal Council.”

    Because the State Government did not pass any orders on the stay petition filed by the appellant in his appeal preferred against the orders of removal/disqualification, the Collector notified and held an election to the office of the President whereat Shri Sable was elected as President. This election was again a consequence of the removal/disqualification of the appellant by the Collector. If so, once the order of removal/disqualification is set aside by the Government, the appellant is entitled to be put back in the same position which he was in before he was removed. In other words not only should he be restored to the Councillorship but also to the office of the President. Shri Sable was elected as the President in the vacancy caused by the removal/disqualification of the appellant and once the said removal/disqualification of the appellant goes, the consequential action cannot stand; it falls to ground along with the order of removal. Shri Sable must therefore yield ground to the appellant.

    8. Dr Ghatate, learned counsel for Shri Sable submitted that since the impugned orders are interlocutory in nature, this Court should not interfere under Article 136 of the Constitution. He suggested that the writ petitions may be directed to be heard expeditiously. To this Shri Vaidyanathan, learned counsel for the appellant demurred stating that the term of the appellant will be coming to an end in the year 1996 (next year) and since there is no real possibility of the aforesaid writ petitions being heard in the near future, denial of relief in this appeal could cause grave prejudice to the appellant. He submitted that the impugned orders in effect amount to dismissal of the appellant's writ petition and to allowing of Shri Sable's writ petition. We are of the opinion that in the facts and circumstances of this case and keeping in mind the respective rights of the parties, this is a proper case where we should interfere under Article 136. It is also admitted that as on today, no fresh or other proceedings have been initiated for removal/disqualification of the appellant for any alleged irregularities. In the circumstances, denying him the office of the President would amount to punishing him for no fault of his. It cannot be that he is not guilty and yet he is removed from the offices held by him. Shri Sable's writ petition is yet to be decided. Accordingly the appeals are allowed and the interim orders dated 20-3-1995 made in Writ Petition (C) No. 675 of 1995 and Writ Petition (C) No. 1124 of 1995 on 20-3-1995, impugned herein, are set aside. The appellant shall be restored forthwith to the office of the Councillor of Khopoli Municipality as well as to the office of the President of the said Municipality. Shri Sable shall have no right to continue in the said office with effect from this date. There shall be no order as to costs.

    9. The Bombay High Court may consider the expeditious disposal of the aforesaid writ petitions.

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    Comments

    Baby Samuel v. Tukaram Laxman Sable And Others
    (Aug 9, 1995)