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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The Supreme Court had, by an order dated 4 August 1969, directed the Tribunal to file a supplementary statement of the case on two specific points concerning the supply of cement, structural steel and bricks by a company to its contractors. The Tribunal’s statement revealed that the company supplied these building materials and levied storage, freight, insurance and handling charges, but did not intentionally make any profit. Relying on this statement, the Court proceeded to answer the referred questions and decide the pending appeals arising from a High Court decision.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the company charged any profit, apart from storage charges, for supplying cement and structural steel to its contractors.
  2. Whether the difference between the price charged to contractors and the price paid by the company for bricks represented only storage and other incidental charges, or whether it reflected a profit.

Arguments of the Parties

The opinion does not contain a detailed account of the parties' legal arguments.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Hindustan Steel Ltd. v. State of Orissa, 1960 SCD 1080; 35 CLT 1281 Established the actual prices (Rs 5.94 per bag for cement and Rs 800 per ton for structural steel) plus 3½ % storage charges previously accepted for similar transactions. The Court referred to these earlier findings to corroborate that the company’s present charges—covering storage, freight, insurance and handling—did not yield any profit.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court examined the Tribunal’s supplementary statement, which categorically found no profit element in the supply of cement and structural steel. Any excess over the supplier’s cost was confined to recoveries for freight, insurance, handling and a 3½ % storage charge, all of which were genuine expenses. Regarding bricks, although the company charged Rs 40 per thousand against an average cost of Rs 39/8, the Tribunal—and the Court—considered overheads for “work-charged personnel” and indeterminate transport costs, concluding that this marginal difference did not constitute profit.

The Court therefore accepted the Tribunal’s factual findings and answered the referred questions accordingly: Questions A and F in the negative; Questions B and D in the affirmative; and Question C by holding that no profit was made on any of the three materials.

Holding and Implications

Holding: The appeals were allowed and the High Court’s order was set aside. No order as to costs was made.

Implications: The immediate consequence is that the company is deemed not to have made any profit on the supply of cement, structural steel and bricks to its contractors, and any adverse orders resting on the assumption of such profit have been nullified. The judgment turns on factual findings and does not set out a new legal precedent beyond affirming that genuine recovery of expenses does not amount to profit.

    Hindustan Steel Ltd. v. State Of Orissa .

    J.C Shah, J.— By order, dated August 4, 1969, this Court called for a supplementary statement of the case on the following points:

    “(1) Whether the Company charged any profit apart from storage charges for supplying cement and structural steel; and
    (2) Whether the difference between the price charged to the contractors and the price paid by the Company to its suppliers for bricks was not in respect of storage and other incidental charges.”

    2. The Tribunal has submitted the statement of the case which clearly shows that the Company had not charged any profit for supplying cement and structural steel from its contractors to whom those commodities had been supplied. The Tribunal has also held that even though there was a small difference between the cost price to the Company and the amount received from the contractors, it was not possible to hold that any profit was intended or made by the Company.

    3. As we observed in our earlier judgment in Hindustan Steel Ltd. v. State of Orissa 1960 SCD 1080, 35 CLT 1281 the contractors were required to pay for cement in bags Rs 5.94 plus 3½% storage charges and for structural steel and M.S Rods Rs 800 plus 3½% storage charges. It appears that besides that price of steel and cement the Company had also charged freight, insurance and handling charges. But those were evidently expenses which were actually incurred by the Company and must be regarded as part of the price which the Company had to pay. It is clear that the Company had made no profit when it supplied cement and structural steel to the contractors.

    4. Similarly in the case of bricks, on the evidence the cost price of bricks supplied to the contractors worked out to Rs 39/8 and the Company had charged Rs 40 per thousand. But in working out the average rate of Rs 39/8 the overhead expenditure of management for “work-charged personnel” was to be taken into account and it was not possible to determine the exact transport charges. The Court agrees with the Tribunal that even in respect of the bricks the rate of Rs 40 per thousand charged by the Company did not leave any profit to it.

    5. On the view taken by us, the Questions A, B, C, D and F must be answered as follows:

    “(A) in the negative;
    (B) in the affirmative;
    (C) there was no profit in the supply of cement and structural steel and bricks;
    (D) in the affirmative;
    (F) in the negative.”

    6. The appeals are therefore, allowed and the order passed by the High Court is set aside. There will be no order as to costs in these appeals in this Court.

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    Comments

    Hindustan Steel Ltd. v. State Of Orissa .
    (Apr 14, 1970)