Punjab act 047 of 1948 : Punjab Livestock and Birds Diseases Act, 1948

.

i > ' \

.

.

and f o r t h i : con tac t w i t h or i n c lose p r o x i m i t y t o , may submit any 1 ^ L ives tock or b i r d ' ' to any t o s t - w h i c h 2 > 5 ta tc > Government may be r e g u l a t i o n s p resc r i be i n t h i s be g a l f • ,

purpose

t h c

.

' 17 M )Xf\ af . ter s Surgeon i s of

not ' ' i n f e c t i v e A c t i o n a f t e r examina t ion by

uch examina t ion the Ve te r i na r y op in ion t h a t any 1 ^Livestock or b i r d / i :

? the Inspec to r s h a l l f o r t h w i t h r e t u r n i t the V e t a r i n c r y en t i t i ed to Surgeon, .to.;-..the parson uho i n h i s op i r i i on i Possession of- i t ^:• -

/ ' ^ i , ,.; roVided t h a t where such person cannot u i t h out un- f i l e \ "/bonveniencs be found, ' the i T i s g c c t o r s h a l l send the I ' ^ ^ i v^s tock or b i r d ' ' to the neares t c a t t l e - p o u n d , or deal

•ui th i t - i n .such o ther manner as the 3^ State ) Government maip by r u l e s p r e s c r i b e ' in t h i s be 'ha l f , ^2^ i f a f t e r such e x a m i n a t i o n , .the v e t e r i n a r y Sur- geon c e r t i f i e s in w r i t i n g t h a t any T-A L ives tock ^or b i r d ) ] a ' f fe . J?d w i th a scheduled d isease , deal w i th i t i n such o ther manner as the 2^ State ' Government may bc ' ruJjes p r e s c r i b e i n t h i s b e h a l f .

' (3) If, after such exami

i s

\ :gao.n c e r t i f i e s t h a t the i n a t i o n , .,the V e t e r i n a r y 1 •• L i ves tock or b i r d ^ i S.ur-

.s i n f l e c t i v e

•though not d i seased , the; animal s h a l l bedea l t w i t h i n suoh martnb-or as ,the 2^5 ' ta te) Government fh'ay> by- r u l e , p r e s - - c x i b e in ^-

t rh . is b e h a l f . / Gornpsn sett lor

infl '^L ivestock ' i e s t i

. / J 18, Compensation may bo pa id to the owner of 1 ^"- ivestock or b i r d ) i f des t royed under s e c t i o n 1.-7,, ;suc.n compensation s h a l l be' determined i n accordance ' b i r d s )

• w i t h - ru les- t o be. made i n t h i s b e h a l f b'ythe 2 ^ 5 t a t e ) Govern- 'merirt;*' . .

.Provided t h a t -

Vi) no compensation s h a l l be paid to any person

, c o n v i c t e d of any 'of fence punishable under t h i s A c t , committed i n respec t c f such 1 ^ l i ves tock '

or b i r d ) ,

H i ) No compensation s h a l l be pa id in respec t c f any

\ ^ l i v e s t o c k or b i r d ) wh i ch , when i t was brouqht

•into- the 4 ( S t 3 t c of 5 Punjab J was a f f ec ted - w i th the d i sease ,on account of which i t was des t royed , for

or oyed^

• • , . ' - • •

• i )

X

• •

.

' :• j ! ;

•

wv&

''\ ^ub s t i t u . t qd f o r the words an imal " or an an imal - and an ima ls by Punjab \

:

A c t f 3 3 of 1961 ,Sec t i on 4 . «' o u o s f i t u t B t o r i f o r the word P r o v i n c i a l by the Adap ta t ion cf. Saws D d̂c?*:?, i^Mi • , • z: '

3 S u b s t i t u t e d f o r the worbl ' ^!

local ' by Punjab' A c t 33 of 1961 , S^c t ian 7. i5 , jbs / '^ut 'ed fo r the word P rqv ihoe" by the Adnp' tat i cn of Laws O'rdcr ; 1';. : u 0.

E ^- ;^.;.i'i.:ui:cc f i r the words

a East Punjab" by tho ' Adapta t ion of Laws' Order, /

(\

6

n

1 9 ( l J Subject to r u l e s to be made i n t h i s b e h a l f by the 1 ^StatoJ Government, the V e t e r i n a r y Surgeon may", Pouer t o r e q u i r e by -order i n u r i t i n g , r e q u i r e tho ouner , occup ie r or person d in i n f e c t i o n i n charge o f any b u i l d i g , ya rd , vesse l or v e h i c l e i n u h i c h of i n f e c t e d therehas .been an i n f e c t i v e 2 l i v e s t o c k or b . i rd^ to have p romises , vesae such b u i l d i n g , y a r d , vesse l or v e h i c l e d i s i n f e c t e d and the or v e h i c l e s . ^ i n t e r n a l f i t t i n g s t h e r e o f and o the r t h i n g s found t h e r e i n Kj%-iear ' t h e r e t o be d i s i n f e c t e d or dest royed i n such manner and| t o such e x t e n t as may be s p e c i f i e d i n the o r d e r ,

( 2 ) Sub jec t as a f o r e s a i d , i f such cunor , occup ie r or

person f a i l s t o comply w i t h the requ i rements o f such

o r d e r u i t h i n a reasonable t i m e , the I nspec to r may Cause

such b u i l d i n g * y a r d , v e s s e l o r v e h i c l e t o be d i s i n f e c t e d , and -"-he i n t e r n a l f i t t i n g s and o t h e r t h i n g s tc be d i s i n f e c t e d o r . - s t r o y o d a t the expense o f the ouner.

20 M ^ I f the I n s P - c t o r has reason to be l i eve t h a t D e c l a r a t i o n of t h e r e i s an i n f e c t i v e 2 ( l i v e s t o c k or b i r d ) i n a n y f i c l d , yard priv.'-tjc i n f e c t . , or b u i l d i n g i n uh ich 2 ^ l i v e s t o c k or b i rds . ) are Kept , tern- p l a c e s , p o r a r i l y or o t h e r w i s e , hra s h a l l a t once by o rder i n w r i t i n g , d e c l a r e the p lace t o be an i n f e c t e d p lace and s h a l l d e l i v e r a copy o f the o rde r t o the ouner , occup ie r or person i n

ch a rgc o f the p lace and r e p o r t h i s a c t i o n t c t h e Vc-ty.

Surgeon.

\ 2 ) This s e c t i o n s h a l l no t app ly t o any p lace ouned

by or under the c o n t r o l or management c f any l o c a l a u t h o - "

r i t y or r a i l u a y a d m i n i s t r a t i o n or to any a i r f i e l d uhero

2 ^Livestock or b i r d s ) are t e m p o r a r i l y kept f o r s a l e , e x h i b i - t i o n or i n t r a n s i t ,

21 M / The Vc ty . Surgeon s h a l l , as soon as p o s s i b l e , examine, the i n f e c t e d p iece and the 2 M_ivestcck or Examina t ion o f b i rds , ) kep t t h e r e i n , and may cancel or c o n f i r m tho order i n f e c t e d p l a c - o f the I n s p e c t o r . Vc ty , Surgeons.

^2) I f he con f i rms the order he may cause n e t i c - t o

be served on the ounars , o c c u p i e r s or persons i n ch a rgc o f a l l p laces i n uh ich 2 ( L i v c s t o c k or b i r d s ) a re kept tDmpo- tfarily or o t h e r w i s e , u i t h i n a r a d i u s not exceed ing one mi le f rom the i n f e c t e d p l a c e , d e c l a r i n g such p laces to be i n f e e t o d p l a c e s ,

T' "' ^J" '"" iin' ' ii "* ----- -"•-- -

7

' O ~8~

t i bc i n f e c t e d p l a c e . o r d e r i n w r i t i n g , d e c l a r e such p l a iZ) The V o t y . ^s

u r g o o n s h a l l c a - s o a copy o f such o r d e r , i n the v e r n a c u l a r o f t h e l o c a l i t y , t o b e c x h i b i t r j d p r o m i n e n t l y i n th... i n f e c t e d p l a c e , and he s h a l l d e l i v e r c o p i e s a t t h e o f f i c e o f t he l o c a l a u t h o r i t y , o r t o t h e n e a r e s t s t a t i o n m a s t g r o f the r e i i e 0 y w u n i i n i s t r a t i o n , o r oo t h e C o f f i c o r - i n - c h a r g e o f t h e a i r - f i e l d as t h e case may be and h a l l a l s o s j n d a copy t o t h e n e a r e s t p o l i c e s t a t i o n , and ho w. B 1 1 r e p o r t ,his. a c t i o n f o r t h w i t h t o t h e a u t h o r i t y p r e s - c r i b e d by t he 1 ( S t a t e ) Government i n t h i s b e h a l f ;

23 M > On r e c e i p t of t h e r e p o r t of t h e V e t e r i n a r y Z . c l r r

•Surgeon .under s u b - s e c t i o n 2\ o f s e c t i o n 21 o r under s u b - . . _' ^ ' ~ s e c t i o n (.2) o f s e c t i o n 22 and a f t e r such f u r t h e r i n q u i r r y , I f * ¹ a n y , as i t may t h i n k f i t , t he 1 VState ) G o v e r n m e n t - ( o . may Cance l any d e c l a r a t i o n made under s e c -

t i o n s 20 -21 o r 22 , o r

(b ) may c o n f i r m such, d e c l a r a t i o n e i t h e r u i t h o r w i t h o u t m o d i f i c a t i o n s ,

( 2 ) Where t h e 1 ^S ta to ' ) Government C a n c e l s any

d e c l a r a t i o n , t he I n s p e c t o r s h a l l g i v e no t j .ee o f t h e c a n c e l - l a t i o n t o a l l p e r s o n s t o uhom c o p i e s o f such d e c l a r a t i o n were d e l i v e r e d o r on whom n o t i c e ' s o f such d e c l a r a t i o n wore s e r v e d .

^3 ^JWhere t h e 1v S t a t e ) Government c o n f i r m s such

d e c l a r a t i o n c i t h e r w i t h o r w i t h o u t m o d i f i e r . t i o n s t he d :

.on o f

r o a s by

G o v t .

1 S u b s t i t u t e d f o r t h o word " P r o v i n c i a l by t h e A d a p t a t i o n o f Laus Orde r 1 9 5 0 . . *

2 S u b s t i t u t o d f o r t h e w o r b " a n i m a l s ^aby Pun jab A,c t 3 J Of 1 9 6 1 , S e c t i o n 4 .

8

J

c->

i n charge of such 1( l ives tock or bi~d; or t h i a g t o r e t u r n i t t o such area or p l a c e , and i f the owner or person in cjbaec

Provided t , :a t -toSiiiftg in ti.

powers of an inspector under 8ec;iou

f e c t i v e 1 ( l ives tock or b i - 'ds j .

*

i sec t ion s n a i l affect tfhe 5 t o l e a l wit;, inu

26. i/heTe by any n o t i c e , r e q u i s i t i o n , or order under T rr.ie f '••his Act or .uider any n o t i f i c a t i o n or r u l e -wSsued t^ereundwath a -e r any person i s rer-u.u:ed t o t ake any measures or to do Xajaanto any th-u\z ~n respec t of aoy proper ty owned or occupied by him or m hx,B charge, 2 reasonable tJioie s ^ a l l be speci f ied in such no t i ce , r e q u i s i t i o n or order within which ^s

uch measures s ^a l l be taken or such thing s^a l l be done, as t;.e caS(- may be.

or comply

nd e of ore

t o rde rs ,

'

27. -vere any ac t ion may be taken under t h i s Chapter in respec t of "any proper ty at t he exper. se-of the owner t h e r e o f , t h e Officer t ak ing such ac t ion nay, frame a c e r t i f i c a t e , s t a t i n * the ^vamount of ^wt 'he expense incurred "and^ the per son-from w jio m^vsue h. aao unt i s r e c o c er ab %e , a nd any Meg istr- at - e t c whom such cert i f i c a t e i s presented may, a f t e r ' ' sueh inqu i r ty as he may t ^!ink f i t , r.-. cover Such a;:ovnt as . i f i t were a fine->.i^oosed by him on such person,

- v e co w a s . o £ $££P4&~

i |ncurred'r -:!er

: rater.

.2Q. ... #ho.ever: -

• • • -

•

yiEk-. fa) i-f moves fi'cm any pi;rt of t h e 2(Sta teJ of y I J? uiij - b ; ary 1 ( l i v e s t o c k or bled) , a l i v e Q&'' dead, or any par t of 1( l i ves tock or b i r d j , or a:.:/ fodder,, bedding or other" th ing i n cont ra - vent ion of a n o t i f i c a t i o n issued unde^ s e c t i o n 9,. or imports 1 ( l i v e s t o c k or bi rd; . - in cont ra - vent ion of sucn-Sect ion(2j of t ha t s e c t i o n , T7""2uVst"Itutf-d for" t . te words"*~ahimar^^r"or an anraB~and animals" by Pun,,a" Act 33 of 1961, Sect ion 4. \2' Subs t i tu ted for t h e word'!Pr0vince» by the Adaptat ion l

£ , n aws CVder/l.^C.. t ibst i tutGd J o r t h e words" Last Punja b» oy the Adapt a :r.pf -:-aws rd-er,. 1950.

. -Penalt ies : for - '

•co nt'r ave n t l e ns ^vof a M $

m

or ypppGJ$>M$ or takes pa r t in. any market, • 3 r , exh ib i t ion or x».ot : J er concent ra t ion of pr est n ck or b ir d s ) i n c© ntrave nt io n of a not I f i c Ion issued under sec t ion 1*0.

n - ^ p \ o r otherwise t r a f f i c s m , or a t tempts t o Se ° : P ^ l c , i n , a n " i n f e c t i v e ! ( l i v e s t o c k or b i rd ; ' , 0 r Cart ^ € ^ n t i o n e d in sec t ion 11 which may .

h\Z~i{ ^LlafevKion. or the carcass 0 f 1 ( l ives tock or

,^'7Ljf^h'^chX ' ^ h e t ime of .tft's death was m i

•rf contravention:0f sec t ion 1 1 , ^f^^!:A ^Commonc a r r i e r f a i l s t o cleanse or d i s - in i | . c t^mr . vesse l or veh ic le used for the t r a n s .1 ( l i ves tock or b i rds} in such manner as required under s u b_s e c t i cn (1 j of • - .

.

:

Bt . .

9

.̂ / * r%

- 1 0 - s e c t i o n 12 or as may be r e q u i r e d by the Inspec - t o r under s u b - s e c t i o n ( 2 ) o f t h a t s e c t i o n , ( e ) f a i l s i n c o n t r a v e n t i o n of s e c t i o n 13, to r e p o r t t h a t l ( l i v e s t o c k or b i r d ) i s i n f e c t i v e , ( f ) f a i l s to comply u i t h an order made by an i n - spec to r under s u b - s e c t i o n ( 1) o f s e c t i o n 15,

v

' ys

p %ails to comply with;an order made by the K |eri*ary Surgeon under sub-section(1) of I ction 19,

\i$i) removes any l(livestock or bird) or thing from any infected place in contravention of section 24, shall be punishable uith fine uhich may extend, in the case of a first conviction,to one hundred rupees, and, in \hp ra.=;p nf a second or subsequent conviction, to five le case o yndred rupees.

29, Whoever keeps or grazes in or on any forest, open field, roadside, or ither uneoclosed land to uhich other persons have a right of access for their l(livestock or birds) anyl(livestock or birds) uhich he knous to be infec- tive shall be punishable uith fine uhich may extend in the case of a first conviction to one hundred rupees or in the case of a second or subsequent convictionto five hundred rupees,

1 Substituted for the uords" Animal" or ^!lan animal" and'^nimals"

A.ct 33 of 1961 , Section 4,

by Punja

3D. Whoever b r i n g s or a t tempts to b r i n g i n t o anymar-. p e n a l l y foe ke-t , f a i r , e x h i b i t i o n o r o the r c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f l ( l i v e s t o c K b r i n g - i n g l ( l i v$6 / t i ock or o r b i r d s ) any 1 ( l i v e s t o c k or b i r d ) uh ich he knous to be jji-f-ac/tave s h a l l bepun ishab le u i t h f i n e uhich may estend

.jjTith'e "Qa.se of a f i r s t c o n v i c t i o n to one hundred rupees

or i n the case o f a second or subsequent c o n v i c t i o n to f i v e

Hundred rupees.

M

bird) market!

I

31. Uhoever places, or causes or permits to be placed, in anyriver,.canal » or o-ther uater, the carcass or part"

'p"f^:the carcass of any l(livestock or bird) uhich at the time of its'death uas infective o-r uhich has been destroyed-as bein'g;.4i.nfective or suspected of being infective shall' be punishable uith imprisonment for a term uhich may 3.nd to six months or uith fine uhich may extend in

"iy^ case of a first conviction to one hundred rupees or in case of a second or subsequent conviction to five <»n dared' rupees, or uith both imprisonment and fine:. P e n a I t y f o r

piapin^,

carcass or "

i n f e c t i v e

l ( l iye^- 'S^ock

o r b i r i ) i n

rive^£•

for 32, whoever, u^{ithout lauful authority, disinter}s or p^enality .causes^ to be d i s i n t e r r r e a the carcass or p a r t o?f the carcass d i s i n f o f any : i ( l i v e s t o c k ) o r b i r d ) uh i ch at the t ime o f i t s death te r r i r t i g cares uas i n f e c t i v e or uh ich has been d-estroyed as be ing i n f e c t i v e - s o f idisea-se c r suspected or be ing i n f e c t i v e s h a l l bepunishable ' u i t h ":fine 1 ( i , i«^st ic/ck uh ich may" extend i n t h e case o f a f i r s t c o n v i c t i o n t o one o^lr b i r d ) , hundred rupees or i n the case of a second or subsequent

c o n v i c t i o n to f i v e hundred rupees.

33v: ( 1 ) Uhoever be ing an I n s p e c t o r m a l i c i o u s l y pena l ty a f i v e x a t i o u s l y entexrs or i n s p e c t s any l and or b u i l d i n g or ^cious$" vexa- 1-er p lace or any vesse l o r v e h i c l e or se izes or de ta ins t iOLS ient.ry l ( l i v e s t o c k or b i r d ) s h a l l be punishable u i t h impr isonment . •° ^I

] ?-?j&^ ^r

. 11 • , • . i

•

i iMMlO .<

10

/ / ' - 1 1 - for a te rm wMc* Day extend t T ' s i x * W 4 * with * ! » # * by * « - fine, which may extend to t m ua&HA r u p e e s , ep. .ct0r . or with both* , . B U n 1 1 K„ .„of ,4..-*.. J

(?) Ho prnsocuuirn under t i u « sec t ion s h a l l oe i n s t - i ^ - d a f t e r tJte «fl*tty 0* one month from t h e Slate on winch che off en 0, i s al leged t o have been commit tevcL

;4 ( x x x 2 >v.

..Substituted for t h e tebrds " animal" by Punjab -Act , 33 nf ^ 6 1 . , S. ct ion 4t

2 Sect ion 34 omitted by Punjab Act 33 of 1961, Section 8 .InstitTrtion of 35. No prosecut ion image t h i s Act , except under sec_ 'Woceedih^s* t i o n 33 s h a l l be i n s t i t u t e 1 except by or under ^wt.he author t y of t h e Veterinary Surgeon 1 •' or t h e Inspec to r ) , J ur id *. cat io n dcaxxsaxxKiszix

of 36. No ma.~j.3tr a t e s:.ail t r y any offence under t h -S magis t ra tes . Act unless he i s a(JudiCiCl Magis t ra te of i i r s t c l a s s or a J u d i c i a l /.lag-scrate of t h e c-cond c lass ^pr-.c-ally eiapow. red 1:1 th'-S behalf by tj.e Ki£Ji O'o'.Vt.

3(23? of cla_m to37.Save as provided for in c. c t ion 18 no person Sha l l Compensation, be e n t i t l e d t o <~ny condensation i n r e spec t of t h e des t ruc t ion of a^ ^r3(-,,.vestcck of b i r d s ) cM t h i n g or inr«spect of any other l o s s , i ^ u r y , detriment or

inconvenience caused t o him by reson of anything lona under

t h i s Act in good f a i t h .

Delegat ion. 4 (3 7.-A. The Sate Goveruaenfc may,by n o t i f i c a t i o n , de legate a l l or any of - ts powers under t h i s ~rt t o any of i t s ofx.LCers,

Peer of "State 38(1 JT he 5 (Sat ejGovt. may oake 6rules consis tent with

•Govt, t o t h i s act for al.. or any of t h e following purposes , make r egulat iousna raeJy,

and r u l e s ,

(c) t o - l e f ine thp powers 0 f entry and insepct ion of 2Kx any inspec tos under se c t ion 8, ^b ( b ; t o p r o h i b i t or r egu l a t e t h e holding of marke t s , f a i r s exh ib i t ions or oti.er concenturat ions of 3fLive-stock or Bi rds ) under Section 1.

( c ) t o appoint p l ace s for t he d i s i n f ec t i ons 0 f ve s se l s or vehic les under sub . sec t ion(2) of Sect ion 12

and for t h e i s o l a t i o n 0 r Segration of 3 ( l ives tock or Birdsfunder sect ion 13.

( d ) ' t o r e g u l a t e post-mortem examination of 3(i/j.vestock ^ or 3 12d s)und er sect.«.nrs 14 and t he Iisp0sal of

3 ( l i ves tock or B i r d s ; under s ub-Sect ion (1) (2) and of sec t ion 17.

( e ) to provide for tne determination of i: ,e

compensation payaol t under sec t ion 18 ,

(£) t o r e g u l a t e t h e exercise of t,,e power S01 Ve'tf ' o f the Vety. Surgeon and laspec to under sect ion

19.

j .

,mn„.»i*W«i'

11

/z i

} i

•}':

\ V s

V

r->-- -W- . V ~ ^f Added b.7 P u n j a b ! ^ , # 3 of 1961, .Section 9. , \ ' , " _iht|C1i • | Subst i tu ted for t S L i o r d e " mgllSiratc of t,|ie f i r s t c l a s s , o*U magis t ra t of t h e ••second c lass spec ia l ly empowered «.n tfcis be half, by t h e State- Go vex- nr^nt " by Punjab Act 25 of 1964.

3 Subs t i tu ted for the words "animal" or. animals" by Punjab Act 33 of 1961, Section 4.

}, i n se r t ed by Punjab ~ct 33 of 1961, Section 10. | S u b s t i t u t e d for t h e word " Provincia l ⁵

' by t h e Adaptation of Laws

W, 1350,

12

i

•j \

vestock P o we r 1 to pr other places used for l(lives.tock ir birds) and the destruction of infected matter orthings found therein or near thereto).

(p) to prescribe the tests to be applied to l(li a£x nr birds) suspected of being infective?

(q) t((|,. pr.escribe the manner in which l(livestock .-.̂ r .;b^;-ircls) shall be destroyed, and the manner in which carcasses or parts of carcasses, fodder, bedding or other things seized under , the Act shall be disposed of ,and

to prescribe the period of detentionand the / / amount of fee for vaccinationand marking at / / the inter-2(state quarantine stations, >^V-C" in making a rule under this sectionthe 2(State) , .we.rnment maydirect that a breach of it shall be punish- able withfine uhich may extend inthe case of a first con- victionto one hundred rupees or in case of o second or subsequent conviction to five hundred rupees,

39. (1) The power to make regulation's andrules avians & conferred by this Act is givensubject to thecondi ^subiect ' ^theregulations or rules being made after previo 9vie us pub*

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cation,

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public

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(2) All regulations and rules made bythe 2(State ) Government under this Act shall be published inthe' official Gazette,

Protection to- 4C, No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall persons acting lie against any person for anything wh-ichis &i in good jnder this Act. done or intended to be done under this Act,

. r w ISubstituted for the word " Animals" by the Punjab Act 33 of 1961 Section 4. '

2 Substituted for the uord » Provincial" bythe Adaptation of-te-mrj Order, v_^v~, •''

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APPENDIX I

) ^L(

English names* 1i Rinderpest or Cattle Plague. Foot-and-Mouth Disease 3, Haemorrhagic Sep t i - caem ia . 4 . B l a c k q u a r t e r , I ' 5, An th rax .

*j%< T u b e r c u l o s i s . 7,Joh«e' 's D isease.

8. Glanders and Farcy.

9. Epizootic Lympthangitis.

10. Dourine,

11. Rabies. Vernacu la r names. 1 . Plata, Uah, S i t l a , Plok, Zehma t ,

2 . Rora jNun-Khur .

3 Ga l -Gho tu , Ga rh i . 4 ,Phar , S u j a . 5, Sa t , G o l i . 6 . T a p - i - D i k , 7 ,Puran a Dus t , 8, Bad Kan a r .

9. Zeharbad, £0. A t s h i k - i - A s p a n . 1 1 . Halkapan,Baulapan, Pagalpan,

12. Surra. 12.Pheta, Tebersa, or Sokra

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14