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  • section 19 of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 read with sections 11(1), 11(2)(j), 11(4) and 11B thereof and section 12A of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956,
  • UNDER SECTIONS 11(1), 11(2)(J), 11(4) AND 11B OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA ACT, 1992 READ WITH SECTION 12A OF THE SECURITIES CONTRACTS (REGULATION) ACT, 1956 IN THE
  • rules 19(2)(b) and 19A of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules, 1957 (hereinafter referred
  • section 21 of the Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956 ("SCRA"). SEBI
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  • section 19 of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 read with sections 11(1), 11(2)(j), 11(4) and 11B thereof and section 12A of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956,
  • UNDER SECTIONS 11(1), 11(2)(J), 11(4) AND 11B OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA ACT, 1992 READ WITH SECTION 12A OF THE SECURITIES CONTRACTS (REGULATION) ACT, 1956 IN THE
  • rules 19(2)(b) and 19A of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules, 1957 (hereinafter referred
  • section 21 of the Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956 ("SCRA"). SEBI
Smart Summary

Summary of SEBI Order: Kusum Iron & Steel Limited (Order dated January 20, 2016)

Factual and Procedural Background

This matter arises from an interim order issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) dated June 04, 2013, addressing 105 listed companies that failed to comply with the Minimum Public Shareholding (MPS) norms prescribed by rule 19A of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules, 1957 (SCRR) and Clause 40A of the Listing Agreement by the due date of June 03, 2013. Kusum Iron & Steel Limited (the Company), whose equity shares are listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), was one of the companies named in that interim order.

A personal hearing was provided on July 02, 2015, when Company representatives (Company Secretary and an Advocate) appeared and made oral submissions. The Company subsequently filed written submissions on September 14, 2015. SEBI considered the written and oral submissions, the shareholding records filed with BSE, information from the Registrar and Transfer Agent (RTA), and BSE communications concerning suspension of trading.

SEBI issued a confirmatory order on January 20, 2016, confirming the directions contained in the interim order dated June 04, 2013, and indicating that the order shall remain in force until further directions. The order was signed by Prashant Saran, Whole Time Member, SEBI.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether Kusum Iron & Steel Limited complied with the Minimum Public Shareholding (MPS) requirement of 25% as mandated under rule 19A of the SCRR and Clause 40A of the Listing Agreement by the due date.
  2. Whether the off-market sale of promoter shares after the due date—purportedly reducing promoter holding by 3.92%—can be accepted as a valid mode of MPS compliance where such sales were not effected by SEBI‑approved methods.
  3. Whether the interim directions issued by SEBI on June 04, 2013 (including paragraph 17(b) restraining promoters/directors from dealing in securities except for approved MPS-compliance purposes) should be confirmed against the Company, its directors and promoters/promoter group.

Arguments of the Parties

Company's Arguments

  • The Company submitted that by September 2014 it had achieved the MPS requirement; however, it acknowledged that this was accomplished without following the permitted methods set out in SEBI circulars and the Listing Agreement.
  • The Company explained its paid-up capital and historical promoter concentration, noting that promoter holding had risen to 77.89% due to a past forfeiture of shares.
  • It asserted that suspension of trading (since November 12, 2001) prevented the Company from effecting disinvestment by the methods outlined in SEBI's December 16, 2010 circular and related guidance.
  • The Company stated that, after valuation, promoters sold 94,250 equity shares off-market to persons said to be members of the public not connected to promoters, reducing promoter holding to 73.97%.
  • The Company indicated that it had initiated the process of revocation of trading suspension.

SEBI's Position (as reflected in the order)

  • SEBI treated the interim order as a show cause notice and required compliance by prescribed methods set out in amended Clause 40A and related circulars (e.g., public issuance, OFS on stock exchange, institutional placement, rights issue with promoters forgoing entitlements, bonus issues, or SEBI-approved case-by-case methods).
  • SEBI noted that off-market sale by promoters is not an approved method of MPS compliance unless expressly approved by SEBI on a case-by-case basis; the Company did not seek or obtain such approval prior to effecting off-market transfers.
  • SEBI observed that the Company did not make necessary disclosures regarding changes in promoter list and that BSE reported suspension of trading and absence of disclosures under the Takeover Regulations and PIT Regulations.
  • SEBI considered that promoters who sold shares off-market after the due date violated paragraph 17(b) of the interim order, which restricted buying/selling except for approved MPS-compliance methods.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The order's analysis proceeds from statutory and regulatory obligations and applies them to the Company’s facts and filings.

(a) Applicable legal framework: The Company was required to maintain minimum public shareholding of 25% under rule 19A of the SCRR and Clause 40A of the Listing Agreement, read with section 21 of the SCRA. SEBI had issued circulars (dated December 16, 2010; February 08, 2012; and August 29, 2012) that specified acceptable methods for achieving MPS, including public issuance, offer-for-sale via stock exchange mechanism (OFS), institutional placement, rights or bonus issues with promoters forgoing entitlements, or any other SEBI-approved method on a case-by-case basis.

(b) Factual application: The shareholding pattern as on June 03, 2013 showed promoter holding at 77.89% and public shareholding at 22.11% (i.e., below the required 25%). The Company later asserted that promoters sold 94,250 shares (3.92%) off-market to members of the public, resulting in promoter holding of 73.97% as on June 30, 2015. SEBI examined share transfer particulars submitted by the RTA and identified specific transfers to Avinash Capital Markets (P) Limited and Madan Lal Kansal aggregating the reported off-market sales.

(c) Assessment of compliance method: The order emphasizes that off-market sales by promoters are not one of the specified, approved methods of MPS compliance unless SEBI had granted case-by-case approval beforehand. The Company did not obtain SEBI approval for off-market sales and did not demonstrate that it sought SEBI’s permission before the due date to adopt an alternate method. The Company’s suspension from trading on the exchange was not accepted as an adequate reason to use an unapproved method or to excuse non-compliance; the Company bears responsibility to have the suspension revoked and to pursue approved compliance routes.

(d) Interim order restraint and breach: Paragraph 17(b) of the interim order restrained promoters/directors from buying and selling the company's securities except as necessary to comply with MPS and then only by prescribed methods. By effecting off-market transfers after the due date, the promoters effected transactions inconsistent with the permitted methods and thereby violated the interim order. Additionally, SEBI found lack of clarity on how new promoters appeared in the promoter list and absence of required disclosures.

(e) Conclusion of analysis: Given the unapproved nature of the off-market transfers, absence of prior SEBI approval, lack of requisite disclosures, and the breach of the interim order restraint, the Company could not be considered to have complied with MPS as of the date of the order. The continuing nature of the violation and potential separate breaches (adoption of an unapproved method; transferring shares while under restraint) justified confirmation of the interim directions and potential initiation of further action.

Holding and Implications

Holding: Pursuant to the statutory powers invoked, the order states:

Confirmed: The directions issued vide the interim order dated June 04, 2013 are hereby confirmed against Kusum Iron and Steel Limited, its directors, promoters and promoter group.

Implications and direct consequences:

  • The Company is not considered to have complied with the Minimum Public Shareholding requirement as of the date of this order.
  • SEBI may initiate further action against the Company, its directors and promoters/promoter group for (i) adopting an unapproved method for MPS compliance (off-market sales) and (ii) breach of the interim order by transferring shares while under restraint.
  • The order remains in force until further directions from SEBI.
  • A copy of the order is to be served on the stock exchanges and depositories for their information and necessary action.

The opinion does not claim to set any judicial precedent; it confirms administrative directions in the specific regulatory enforcement context and contemplates further administrative action rather than announcing new legal doctrine.

Signed: PRASHANT SARAN, Whole Time Member, Securities and Exchange Board of India. Date: January 20, 2016. Place: Mumbai.

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    Order in respect of Kusum Iron and Steel Limited [SAT Appeal No.110/2017]

    UNDER SECTIONS 11(1), 11(2)(J), 11(4) AND 11B OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA ACT, 1992 READ WITH SECTION 12A OF THE SECURITIES CONTRACTS (REGULATION) ACT, 1956 IN THE MATTER OF NON-COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENT OF MINIMUM PUBLIC SHAREHOLDING BY LISTED COMPANIES IN RESPECT OF KUSUM IRON AND STEEL LIMITED Appearance: For the Company Mr. Ramesh Chandra Mishra, Company Secretary and Mr. Loknath Mishra, Advocate For SEBI Dr. Anitha Anoop, Deputy General Manager, Mr. N. Murugan, Assistant General Manager and Mr. Rohan Vijay, Assistant Manager

    1. Securities and Exchange Board of India (hereinafter referred to as "SEBI") had passed an interim order dated June 04, 2013 (hereinafter referred to as "the interim order ") with respect to 105 listed companies who did not comply with the Minimum Public Shareholding ("MPS") norms as stipulated under rules 19(2)(b) and 19A of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules, 1957 (hereinafter referred to as "SCRR") within the due date i.e., June 03, 2013. The interim order was passed without prejudice to the right of SEBI to take any other action, against the non-compliant companies, their promoters and/or directors or issuing such directions in accordance with law. The interim order was to be treated as a show cause notice by those companies for action contemplated in paragraph 18 thereof.

    2. Kusum Iron & Steel Limited (hereinafter referred to as "the Company") is one of such companies against whom the interim order was passed. The equity shares of the Company are listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited ("BSE").

    3. An opportunity of personal hearing was afforded on July 02, 2015, when Mr. Ramesh Chandra Mishra, the Company Secretary and Mr. Loknath Mishra, Advocate appeared on behalf of the Company and made oral submissions. It was submitted that as on September 2014 the MPS requirement had been complied with by the Company though without following the permitted modes. As requested, liberty was granted to file written submissions.

    4. The Company, thereafter, vide letter dated September 14, 2015 filed the written submissions wherein the Company stated as follows - a. The paid up capital of the company consists of 24,08,000 equity shares of face value of 10 each. The promoters holding reached to 77.89% due to forfeiture of 30,67,600 shares on August 8, 1998 by operation of law. b. Since the company is suspended with effect from November 12, 2001, the Company is not able to disinvest the shares as per the methods included in SEBI circular dated December 16, 2010. c. After obtaining the proper valuation report, 94,250 equity shares of promoters consisting of 3.92% were sold off market to the persons belonging to the public at large and not connected to the promoter. Thereby the promoter holding has come down to 73.97%. d. The Company has already initiated the process of revocation of suspension of trading.

    5. I have considered the submissions made by the Company and other material available on record. The interim order was issued against the Company as it failed to maintain the minimum public shareholding of 25% as mandated under rule 19A of the SCRR and Clause 40A of the Listing Agreement read with section 21 of the Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956 ("SCRA"). SEBI had issued circulars dated December 16, 2010, February 08, 2012 and August 29, 2012, in order to suitably amend Clause 40A of the Listing Agreement by specifying the manner in which public shareholding may be raised to the prescribed minimum level. The amended Clause 40A of the Listing Agreement, inter alia, provided the following methods for complying with the MPS requirement: a. Issuance of shares to the public through prospectus, b. Offer for sale of shares held by promoters to public through prospectus, c. Sale of shares held by promoters through Stock Exchange Mechanism i.e. OFS through Stock Exchange, d. Institutional Placement Programme, e. Rights Issues to public shareholders, with promoters/ promoter group shareholders forgoing their rights entitlement, f. Bonus Issues to public shareholders, with promoters/ promoter group shareholders forgoing their bonus entitlement, g. Any other method as may be approved by SEBI, on a case to case basis.

    6. From the shareholding pattern as on June 2013, filed by the Company in BSE, I find that the following persons are disclosed as the shareholders belonging to the promoter and promoter group of the Company. S.No. Name of promoters No. of shares % of shareholding

    1 Naresh Kumar Agrawala 37,550 1.56

    2 Sanjay Kumar Agrawala 13,050 0.54

    3 Manoj Kumar Agrawala 35,545 1.48

    4 Kailash Kumar Agarwala 24,445 1.02

    5 Neem Chand Mitruka 80,005 3.32

    6 Jagdish Prasad Agarawala 91,005 3.78

    7 Ashok Kumar Agrawala 64,905 2.7

    8 Sohanlal Agrawala 70,400 2.92

    9 Beena Mitruka 52,500 2.18

    10 Usha Mitruka 46,700 1.94

    11 Anita Mitruka 43,000 1.79

    12 Anita Dhanawat 13,000 0.54

    13 Indra Devi Agrawala 55,000 2.28

    14 Anita Mitruka 15,000 0.62

    15 Ramesh Kumar Agrawala 13,100 0.54

    16 Sushil Kumar Agrawala 3,000 0.12

    17 Sapna Mitruka 30,000 1.25

    18 Dropadi Devi Agrawala 60,000 2.49

    19 Indra Devi Agrawala 52,500 2.18

    20 Raj Kumar Modi 10,000 0.42

    21 Kusum Modi 13,000 0.54

    22 Neem Chand Sushil Kumar 20,150 0.84

    23 Sohanlal Ramesh Kumar 24,000 1

    24 Naresh Kumar Agrawala & Sons 3,000 0.12

    25 Pawan Kumar Agrawala & Sons 4,000 0.17

    26 Ramesh Kumar Agrawala & Sons 4,000 0.17

    27 Mitruka Tea Co. Pvt. Ltd. 2,04,000 8.47

    28 Annapurna Plantions Pvt. Ltd. 2,04,700 8.5

    29 Idea Sale Pvt. Ltd. 2,29,900 9.55

    30 Brind Niketan Pvt. Ltd. 1,90,700 7.92

    31 Simco Merchandise Pvt. Ltd. 1,67,345 6.95 Total 18,75,500 77.89

    7. As on June 3, 2013 the promoter holding in the company was 77.89% and public shareholding was 22.11 % which is less than the required MPS. The Company had submitted that 94,250 equity shares of promoters consisting of 3.92% were sold in off market to the persons belonging to the public at large and not connected to the promoter. In this regard, I note from the details submitted by the RTA of the Company that the following promoters had transferred shares in off-market to Avinash Capital (P) Limited and Madan Lal Kansal: (a) Sushil Kumar Agarwala (sold 3000 shares), Raj Kumar Modi (sold 10,000 shares), Ramesh Kumar Agarwala (sold 13,100 shares) and Anita Dhanawat (sold 13,000 shares) sold a total of 39,100 shares to Avinash Capital Markets (P) Limited; and (b) Neem Chand Sushi Kumar (sold 20,150 shares), Sohanlal Ramesh Kumar (sold 24,000 shares), Naresh Kumar Agarwala & Sons. (sold 3000 shares), Pawan Kumar Agarwala & Sons. (sold 4000 shares) and Ramesh Kumar Agarwala & Sons. (sold 4000 shares) sold a total of 55,150 shares to Madan Lal Kansal.

    8. As on June 30, 2015, the shareholding of promoters is said to have reduced to 73.97% as per the details below: Serial Name of promoters No. of shares % of shareholding

    1 Naresh Kumar A 37,550 1.56

    2 Sanjay Kumar A 13,050 0.54

    3 Manoj Kumar Ag 35,545 1.48

    4 Kailash Kumar A 24,445 1.02

    5 Neem Chand Mitr 80,005 3.32

    6 Jagdish Prasad A 91,005 3.78

    7 Ashok Kumar Ag 64,905 2.7

    8 Sohanlal Agarw 70,400 2.92

    9 Beena Mitruka 52,500 2.18

    10 Usha Mitruka 46,700 1.94

    11 Anita Mitruka 43,000 1.79

    12 Indra Devi Agar 55,000 2.28

    13 Anita Mitruka 15,000 0.62

    14 Sapna Mitruka 30,000 1.25

    15 Dropadi Devi Ag 60,000 2.49

    16 Indra Devi Agar 52,500 2.18

    17 Kusum Modi 13,000 0.54

    18 Mitruka Tea Co P. 2,04,000 8.47

    19 Idea Sale Pvt. Ltd. 2,29,900 9.55

    20 Brind Niketan Pvt. Ltd. 1,90,700 7.92

    21 Simco Merchandise 1,67,345 6.95

    22 Sohanlal Ramesh Agar 20,000 0.83

    23 Ramesh Kumar Agar 26,000 1.08

    24 Seema Agarwala 40,000 1.66

    25 Manoj Kumar Agarwala 30,000 1.25

    26 Payal Mitruka 88,700 3.68 Total 17,81,250 73.97

    9. On perusal of the shareholding patterns as mentioned in the tables above, it can be seen that few persons are removed and new persons are added in the list of promoters. The Company has not made any disclosures in this regard. BSE had informed SEBI vide email dated November 30, 2015 that trading of companys shares were suspended since August 24, 1998 for non-compliance with listing agreement. BSE further stated that the company had not informed the method adopted for complying and that no disclosures were made under the Takeover Regulations and PIT Regulations.

    10. The company stated that as it was suspended with effect from November 12, 2001, it was not able to disinvest the shares as per the methods prescribed by the SEBI Circulars. Therefore, during the period of September 2014, the promoters sold off market 94,250 equity shares consisting of 3.92% of total equity capital to the persons belonging to the public, thereby the promoter holding came down to 73.97%. It may be noted that it is the responsibility of the Company to have the suspension revoked. Moreover, the status of the company as suspended from the Stock Exchange cannot be an excuse for non-compliance of the MPS requirement. The company has not brought to my notice that it took any effort for revocation of the suspension of trading. Off market sale by promoters is not an approved method of MPS compliance unless the same was approved in appropriate cases by SEBI under the case to case basis method prescribed under Clause 40A of the Listing Agreement. In the instant case, the promoters have sold off market 3.92% of shares after the due date of MPS compliance. It is also noteworthy that several companies had approached SEBI with a request to permit them for open market sale so as to achieve compliance of MPS requirements and SEBI had granted permissions to many such companies in appropriate cases. Considering the facts and circumstances of the case, it is quite clear that the Company had the primary responsibility to comply with the MPS requirement by adopting the methods available to it as discussed in paragraph 6 above. In case the Company was experiencing any difficulty it should have approached SEBI before due date of compliance, with its proposed method for approval, which the Company has clearly failed to do.

    11. Paragraph 17(b) of the interim order, prevents promoters/directors from buying and selling or dealing in securities of the company except for the purpose of complying with the MPS requirement. The promoters/promoters group can sell the shares only as per the methods prescribed under the various circulars discussed in paragraph 6 above. By selling the shares off market, the promoter who have sold the shares have violated the interim order as well. As already mentioned above, there is no clarity as how new promoters came in to the Company. Therefore, the reduction by 3.92% cannot be considered for MPS compliance.

    12. In view of the above, company cannot be considered to have complied with MPS norms as on date. The Company may have to adopt methods recognized by SEBI for this purpose. Considering the fact that the Company has not complied with the MPS requirements till date in breach of rule 19A of the SCRR and Clause 40 A of the Listing Agreement read with section 21 of the SCRA, and such non-compliance being continuous in nature, it becomes necessary for me, to confirm the directions issued vide the interim order against the Company, its directors and promoters/promoter group. Further, for proper regulation of the securities market and the continuing nature of the violations committed by the Company, SEBI may also initiate other action including action for adopting an unapproved method and also for breach (transferring shares while under restraint) of the interim order, against the Company, its directors and promoters.

    13. Accordingly, I, in exercise of the powers conferred upon me under section 19 of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 read with sections 11(1), 11(2)(j), 11(4) and 11B thereof and section 12A of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956, hereby confirm the directions issued vide the interim order dated June 04, 2013 against the company, Kusum Iron and Steel Limited, its directors, promoters and promoter group.

    14. This Order shall remain in force till further directions.

    15. Copy of this Order shall be served on the stock exchanges and depositories for their information and necessary action. PRASHANT SARAN WHOLE TIME MEMBER SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA Date: January 20th, 2016 Place: Mumbai

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    Order in respect of Kusum Iron and Steel Limited [SAT Appeal No.110/2017]
    (Jan 20, 2016)