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  • Section 302 of the Indian Penal Code
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Disposition
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  • Section 302 of the Indian Penal Code
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

Mangal Singh, the son of Tota Ram, was living with his half-brother Mewa Ram and sister-in-law Longshri in Village Keshopur. On March 26, 1971, while Longshri was alone at home, Mangal Singh assaulted her with a gandasa (a sharp-edged agricultural tool), inflicting seven incised wounds on her face and neck that proved fatal. Eyewitnesses raised an alarm and, after a brief chase, apprehended Mangal Singh with the blood-stained weapon and produced him at Police Station Hasain. He was tried before the Additional Sessions Judge, Aligarh, convicted under Section 302 of the Indian Penal Code, and sentenced to death. The Allahabad High Court affirmed both conviction and sentence. Mangal Singh obtained special leave to appeal to the Supreme Court of India, but the leave was confined solely to the question of sentence.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether, in the circumstances of the case, the death penalty imposed on Mangal Singh should be upheld or reduced to a lesser sentence.

Arguments of the Parties

The opinion does not contain a detailed account of the parties' legal arguments.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Supreme Court focused exclusively on sentencing. It noted that:

  • Longshri was alone in the house, suggesting the appellant exploited her vulnerability in the absence of her husband.
  • The deceased sustained seven incised wounds on critical parts (face and neck), demonstrating a particularly brutal assault.
  • No extenuating or mitigating circumstances were brought to the Court's attention that could justify a lesser penalty.

On these considerations, the Court found no basis to disturb the death sentence affirmed by the High Court.

Holding and Implications

Appeal Dismissed; death sentence upheld.

The immediate consequence is that Mangal Singh’s sentence of death remains in force. The judgment does not articulate broader legal implications or create new precedent, functioning instead as an affirmation that, absent mitigating factors, particularly brutal murders may warrant capital punishment.

    Mangal Singh v. State Of U.P .

    H.R Khanna, J.— Mangal Singh (50) was convicted by learned Additional Sessions Judge, Aligarh, under Section 302 of the Indian Penal Code, for causing the death of Longshri (35) and was sentenced to death. On appeal and reference the Allahabad High Court affirmed the conviction and sentence. Mangal Singh then came up in appeal to this Court by special leave. The leave was, however, restricted to the question of sentence only.

    2. The prosecution case is that Mangal Singh is the son of Tota Ram. Mangal Singh's mother, Anchoo, after the death of her husband Tota Ram, married one Chhiddu. Mewa Ram was born to Anchoo from Chhiddu. Longshri deceased was the wife of Mewa Ram. Mangal Singh became a sadhu sometime ago. About six months before the present occurrence, Mangal Singh started living with Mewa Ram and Longshri in their house in Village Keshopur. During this period there took place quarrels between the accused and the deceased. The deceased did not cook any meals for the accused and about four or five days before the present occurrence she was given beating by the accused.

    3. On March 26, 1971 at about 1 p.m Nannu Singh (PW 10), an old man of 76, went towards the house of Mewa Ram and saw Mangal Singh accused inflicting gandasa blows on Longshri. Nannu Singh then raised alarm. Mangal Singh, on seeing Nannu Singh ran away. Girwar Singh (PW 9) and Smt Dropa (PW 12), an elder sister of the deceased Longshri saw Mangal Singh emerging out of the house with a bloodstained gandasa in his hand. Mangal Singh then ran away but he was given a chase by Girwar Singh and other villagers who too were attracted on account of the alarm raised by Girwar Singh. Mangal Singh was then caught with the aid of two persons, Satya Prakash (PW 14) and Kishan Lal who were coming on their bicycles from the opposite direction. Mangal Singh along with the gandasa was then taken to Police Station Hasain, at a distance of six miles from the place of occurrence and a report was lodged there by Girwar Singh.

    4. Longshri died at the spot. Post-mortem examination on her body was performed by Dr Lalit Mohan on March 27, 1971. As many as seven incised wounds were found on the face and neck of the deceased. The injuries were sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause death.

    5. At the trial the plea of Mangal Singh was denial simpliciter.

    6. The trial court as well as the High Court accepted the prosecution case against the accused. He was accordingly convicted for the murder of Longshri. The only question with which we are now concerned is, as already mentioned, that of sentence. So far as this aspect is concerned, we find that Longshri alone was present in the house along with the accused at the time of the occurrence. The appellant thus seems to have taken advantage of the absence of Longshri's husband from the house. As many as seven injuries were caused by the appellant on the face and neck of the deceased with gandasa. The number of injuries shows the brutal nature of the assault. We have not been referred to any extenuating circumstances as may justify the awarding of the lesser penalty.

    7. In the result we see no ground to interfere with the sentence awarded to the appellant. The appeal fails and is dismissed.

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    Comments

    Mangal Singh v. State Of U.P .
    (Jul 16, 1974)