Puerto Rico Case Commentaries

Earl v. Campbell: Negligent Retention May Be Pleaded with Vicarious Liability; Scope of Employment Not an Element

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Earl v. Campbell: Negligent Retention May Be Pleaded with Vicarious Liability; Scope of Employment Not an Element 1. Introduction In Earl v. Campbell (Wash. Sept. 3, 2026), the Supreme Court of...

No Weekend/Holiday Extension for Three-Day Election Appeals and Allocatur Petitions in Pennsylvania

Date: Sep 4, 2026

No Weekend/Holiday Extension for Three-Day Election Appeals and Allocatur Petitions in Pennsylvania 1. Introduction In In Re: Order Amending Rules 107, 903, 1113, and 1122 of the Pennsylvania Rules...

Selective Reliance on Testimony Requires Explicit Credibility Findings in OP Hazard-Exposure Decisions

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Selective Reliance on Testimony Requires Explicit Credibility Findings in OP Hazard-Exposure Decisions 1. Introduction In Joseph Kessler v. West Virginia Paving, Inc., the Supreme Court of Appeals of...

Publicly Available Information Is Not “Identifying Information” Under S.C. Code § 24-3-580; Only the Initial Breach of Confidentiality Can Trigger Liability

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Publicly Available Information Is Not “Identifying Information” Under S.C. Code § 24-3-580; Only the Initial Breach of Confidentiality Can Trigger Liability I. Introduction In ACLU v. Wilson (S.C....

Ohio Habeas Corpus Narrowed to True Jurisdictional Voidness: Pretrial Irregularities and Arraignment/Indictment Claims Are Voidable and Must Be Raised on Direct Appeal

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Ohio Habeas Corpus Narrowed to True Jurisdictional Voidness: Pretrial Irregularities and Arraignment/Indictment Claims Are Voidable and Must Be Raised on Direct Appeal 1. Introduction In Johnson v....

Stipulated Return of a Seized DWI Vehicle Moots Post‑Seizure Hearing Attacks; Suffolk County’s Chapter 420 Forfeiture Survives Preemption and Excessive-Fine Challenges

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Stipulated Return of a Seized DWI Vehicle Moots Post‑Seizure Hearing Attacks; Suffolk County’s Chapter 420 Forfeiture Survives Preemption and Excessive-Fine Challenges Case: Cohen v. A 2019 Nissan,...

Skid-Steer Step Slip Falls: No Labor Law § 240(1) Elevation Hazard and No 12 NYCRR 23-1.7(d) “Working Surface”; 12 NYCRR 23-1.30 Lighting Claim May Proceed

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Skid-Steer Step Slip Falls: No Labor Law § 240(1) Elevation Hazard and No 12 NYCRR 23-1.7(d) “Working Surface”; 12 NYCRR 23-1.30 Lighting Claim May Proceed 1. Introduction Digangi v New York City...

Cooperative Auction Purchaser Must Submit a Complete Board Application Within the Contractual Deadline; Prevailing Co-op Recovers Counsel Fees Under Bidder-Suit Clause

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Cooperative Auction Purchaser Must Submit a Complete Board Application Within the Contractual Deadline; Prevailing Co-op Recovers Counsel Fees Under Bidder-Suit Clause 1. Introduction Druzhinsky v...

Discovery Limits When Respondeat Superior Is Admitted: Personnel Files, Training/Retention Policies, Overbroad “All Documents” Demands, and Extra Corporate Depositions

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Discovery Limits When Respondeat Superior Is Admitted: Personnel Files, Training/Retention Policies, Overbroad “All Documents” Demands, and Extra Corporate Depositions Case: Lewis v New York City Tr....

Matter of Douglass: One-Year Suspension for Unsupervised Nonlawyer “Agent” Communications, Tribunal Incivility, and Violation of a Federal Protective Order

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Matter of Douglass: One-Year Suspension for Unsupervised Nonlawyer “Agent” Communications, Tribunal Incivility, and Violation of a Federal Protective Order 1. Introduction Matter of Douglass (2026 NY...

CPL 30.30(2)(a) “Custody-Only” Speedy-Trial Clock: Time Counts Only While Defendant Is Actually Incarcerated, and Does Not Reset

Date: Sep 4, 2026

CPL 30.30(2)(a) “Custody-Only” Speedy-Trial Clock: Time Counts Only While Defendant Is Actually Incarcerated, and Does Not Reset I. Introduction People ex rel. Liles v Richards (2026 NY Slip Op 05191...

People v. Merino: CPL 420.45 Voids Real-Property Instruments Beyond Forgery When a False-Instrument Conviction Triggers a Rebuttable Presumption

Date: Sep 4, 2026

People v. Merino: CPL 420.45 Voids Real-Property Instruments Beyond Forgery When a False-Instrument Conviction Triggers a Rebuttable Presumption Appellate Division, Second Department (Quirk, J.) —...

Administrative-Process Abuse of Process and Heightened Pleading Limits for Defamation, Tortious Interference, and Common-Law Indemnification Counterclaims

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Administrative-Process Abuse of Process and Heightened Pleading Limits for Defamation, Tortious Interference, and Common-Law Indemnification Counterclaims 1. Introduction In Vaynman v 3 Kings Point...

Velasquez v. Kelly: No CPLR 3126 Striking Sanction Where the Sought Surveillance Footage Is Proven Not to Exist; Non-Aggrieved Third-Party Defendant Lacks Appellate Standing

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Velasquez v. Kelly: No CPLR 3126 Striking Sanction Where the Sought Surveillance Footage Is Proven Not to Exist; Non-Aggrieved Third-Party Defendant Lacks Appellate Standing 1. Introduction Case:...

Idaho Code § 7-711(2) Business Damages: “Owned” Means Fee Title Ownership (Beneficial Ownership Insufficient)

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Idaho Code § 7-711(2) Business Damages: “Owned” Means Fee Title Ownership (Beneficial Ownership Insufficient) Case: IDAHO TRANSPORTATION BOARD v. TRIPLE CROWN DEVELOPMENT, LLC (Idaho Supreme Court,...

Rule 35(a) Authorizes Correction of Ambiguous Sentencing Credit, but Any Substantive Clarification Requires Defendant’s Presence Under Rule 43

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Rule 35(a) Authorizes Correction of Ambiguous Sentencing Credit, but Any Substantive Clarification Requires Defendant’s Presence Under Rule 43 I. Introduction In State v. Mooney (Idaho Supreme Court,...

Public-Employer Discretion After CORA Rehabilitation Documentation; ALJ Recommendation Not Final When Timely Rejected/Modified

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Public-Employer Discretion After CORA Rehabilitation Documentation; ALJ Recommendation Not Final When Timely Rejected/Modified 1. Introduction Case: Jeremy McNitt, Respondent/Cross-Appellant v....

Qualified Immunity Applies Absent Clearly Established Eighth Amendment Protection from a Non-Prison Co-Worker’s Recklessness

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Qualified Immunity Applies Absent Clearly Established Eighth Amendment Protection from a Non-Prison Co-Worker’s Recklessness I. Introduction Case: Joshua M. Hubbert v. Kenny Brinley (11th Cir. Sept....

Striking a Defendant’s Entire Closing Argument Is a Prejudicial Abuse of Discretion

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Striking a Defendant’s Entire Closing Argument Is a Prejudicial Abuse of Discretion (Even If Parts Were Improper) I. Introduction In United States v. Cristian Arevalo Arias (consolidated appeals...

Tenth Circuit COA Gatekeeping: New Habeas Theories Disregarded, Oklahoma Rule 5.2(A) Defaults Enforced, and Posttrial Recantations Rarely Open the Schlup Gateway

Date: Sep 4, 2026

Tenth Circuit COA Gatekeeping: New Habeas Theories Disregarded, Oklahoma Rule 5.2(A) Defaults Enforced, and Posttrial Recantations Rarely Open the Schlup Gateway 1. Introduction In Collins v....