Paragon Metals: Anti-Reliance Clauses Do Not Impose a “Reasonable Due Diligence” Duty or Bar Contractual Fraud Absent True Willful Blindness Case: Paragon Metals Holdings, LLC v. Michael J. Smith...
Dismissal With Prejudice of a Pro Se In Forma Pauperis Shotgun Pleading After Notice and a Final Opportunity to Amend 1. Introduction In Ivette Echenique v. Hamilton Hospital, the Eleventh Circuit...
Rutherford Bars Compassionate Release Based on Nonretroactive Statutory Sentencing Changes; Age Alone Does Not Satisfy § 1B1.13(b)(2) I. Introduction United States v. Gilberto Chineag (11th Cir. July...
State v. Wright (2026): SB 751 Discovery Amendments Apply by Alleged Offense Date, Not Charging Date 1. Introduction Case: State v. Wright, 375 Or 383 (Supreme Court of Oregon, July 2, 2026)...
Rational-Basis Validation of Time-Limited “Specified Landowner” Exclusion Rights in Utah Municipal Incorporations Case: McCaffrey v. Anderson, 2026 UT 14 (Utah Sup. Ct. July 2, 2026) 1. Introduction...
Temporal Proximity Does Not Prove Retaliation Causation When Discipline Was Already Underway Introduction In Wanda Jean-Baptiste v. City of Miami (11th Cir. July 2, 2026) (unpublished), the Eleventh...
Drug-Dog Alert During an Ongoing Traffic Stop Establishes Automobile-Exception Probable Cause; Marijuana Odor and “Shake” Support Search and Arrest 1. Introduction In United States v. Nicholas Smith...
JSIN Sentencing Averages, Without Defendant-Specific Comparators, Do Not Show an Unwarranted § 3553(a)(6) Disparity 1. Introduction United States v. Uwa Nosakhare (11th Cir. July 1, 2026) is an...
Seniority-Plan Changes Are Discrete Title VII Acts Triggering the 180-Day EEOC Clock; Speculative Race Inferences and a Single Non-Racial Text Cannot Plead Discrimination or Hostile Environment 1....
Constructive Possession Plus Penal Law § 265.15(4) Presumption Can Prove CPW 2°; a Single Belated Disclosure Does Not Invalidate a COC Without a Due-Diligence Failure 1. Introduction People v Harrell...
Faxed DME Orders and OMIG Recoupment: DME Policy Guidelines as Non‑SAPA Interpretive Directives and the Enforceable “Wet Signature” Requirement (Audit-Period Compliance Controls) 1. Introduction...
Billed Hourly Rates Presumptively Set the Lodestar in Nevada Civil-Contempt Fee Awards Under NRS 22.100(3) 1. Introduction Lytle Trust v. Gerry R. Zobrist and Jolin G. Zobrist Family Trust (142 Nev.,...
Custodial-Parent Kidnapping in New York: Evasive Out-of-State Secreting Supports “Abduction,” Defeats Penal Law § 135.30, and Establishes Territorial Jurisdiction When Intent Manifests In-State 1....
No “Diligent Efforts” Duty in Social Services Law § 384-b Abandonment Proceedings; Valid Pro Se Waiver Requires a Searching Inquiry Case: Matter of Wanye D. (Quincy D.), 2026 NY Slip Op 04244 (App....
“Crime Victim” Under Executive Law § 632-a Is Not Limited to Physically Injured Victims: Psychological Harm and “Subject of the Felonious Conduct” Suffice 1. Introduction Matter of New York State...
HRS § 291C-12(a) “Involved in a Collision” Includes Non-Contact Pursuit; Vagueness Challenges Are As-Applied Only; Bill of Particulars Can Supply Constitutionally Adequate Notice Case: State v....
ICWA Termination Requires Culturally Grounded Expert Testimony Tethered to Case-Specific Parental Conduct 1. Introduction Viva G. v. State of Alaska, Department of Family and Community Services,...
Pandemic Remote Work Does Not Establish “Employer Necessity” Under New York’s Convenience-of-the-Employer Rule 1. Introduction Matter of Zelinsky v Commissioner of Taxation & Fin. of the State of...
NRCP 68 Attorney-Fee Awards in Contingency Cases Must Reflect Only Post-Offer Work (Overruling Capriati’s “Incurred Post-Offer” Rule) 1. Introduction In Clark v. Marin (Nev. July 2, 2026), the...
Harmless Initial-Appearance Right-to-Counsel Error and Use of “Tie-Breaker” Authority in High-Conflict Joint Custody Case: Matter of Jimmy PP. v Jennifer QQ. | Court: Appellate Division, Third...