...containing interlineations, blanks, erasures or alterations.—(1) The Registering Officer may in his discretion refuse to accept for registration any document in which any interlineation, blank, erasure or ....(2) If the Registering Officer registers any such document, he shall, at the time of registering the same, make a note in the register of such interlineation, blank, erasure or ...interlineation, etc.—Each important interlineation, erasure or alteration occurring in a document shall, whenever possible, be caused to be noted or described at the foot of the document and to be signed by the...

...for the respondent argued before me that as the plaintiff could fall back upon the original contract so the material alteration in document (Ex. 1) should not operate as a bar and plaintiff was...defendant.6. It was further found that there has been a material alteration in the pronote and receipt it appears that this advance of Rs. 1285/- was evidenced by pronote Ex. 1. Only...testified by defendant Suresh Chandra (DW 2). This finding that there has been material alteration in the pronote executed by defendant was not assailed before me on behalf of respondent also...

...Master v. Millar Sm. L. Cases Vol. I 871 (1876) and Cases referred to in the commentary in Smith's Leading Cases but we think an alteration in a document stating a falsehood, either expressly or...1. In this case a document not requiring attestation by law was attested. After it had been delivered to the obligee, he seems to have got another attesting signature added to it by a man...who had not, in fact, witnessed the execution of it by the obligor. The alteration was, at any rate, made while the obligee had the bond, and he was primarily liable for its preservation untampered...

...dishonestly or fraudulently causes other person to sign, seal or execute or make alteration in document or electronic record knowing fully that such person by reason of unsoundness of mind or intoxication...document is defined in subsequent Section 464 I.P.C. which reads as follows: "464. Making a false document.- A person is said to make a false document or false...cancellation or otherwise, alters a document or an electronic record in any material part thereof, after it has been made, executed or affixed with electronic signature either by himself or by any other...

...for Rs 20,000, that the appellant gave a surety bond for the repayment of Rs 25,000 and when that was pointed out to Defendant 1, the principle debtor, he (the latter) made the alteration in the document by...written instrument by unilateral action and in disregard of the intention of the writer. For such a position our laws make no provision. It may be that a person who writes a document in terms which deliberately depart from ...parties, if the alteration is ignored, then the document creates no liability in the appellant, for the Bank refused to accept a guarantee on the terms contained in the document before it was altered...

..., relevant to our purpose, provides that whoever fraudulently or dishonestly uses as genuine any document which he knows or has reason to believe to be a forged document, shall be punished in the same manner...as if he had forged such document.11. Section 470 defines a forged document as a false document made by forgery. The term “forgery” used in these two sections is defined in..., dishonestly or fraudulently, by cancellation or otherwise, alters a document or an electronic record in any material part thereof, after it has been made, executed or affixed with digital signature...

...English law that mate, rial alteration in a document after its execution without the consent of the other party renders a document void. This rule has been with certain safeguards enunciated in...Section 87 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, where the document in question is a negotiable instrument and according to the provisions of that Secti...defendants. It was contended in the Courts below that the material alteration made the negotiable instrument void against the defendants. Keliance was placed on several authorities and on the rule of...

...registered, a charge is created in favour of the plaintiff and the plaintiff is entitled to enforce the charge and no alteration subsequent to the registration of the document can affect the validity of...words “per cent.” in the bond, thus making the interest from eight annas per cent, per annum to Re. 1 per cent, per annum. The defence of the benami character of the document was abandoned and the...learned Judge found that consideration had been received for this document as was evidenced by a previous deposition of the defendant.2. Thereupon stress was laid upon the alleged alteration...

...contract embodied in the document, or the identity or validity or effect of the document embodying it, but goes only to the proof of the execution of the document, is a material alteration. In Suf...material, saying, "We think an alteration in a document stating a falsehood, either expressly or by implication, by way of increasing the apparent evidence of its...consider is whether, in the case of a mortgage bond which does not require attestation, the alteration of the bond by the plaintiff, by the addition of two names to those of the attesting witnesses...

...and was not to be acted upon. The defendant 11 no.1 also had proved that there was material alteration in document dated...which was admittedly signed by the defendant no.1 was a document recording composite transaction in respect of the land bearing Gat No.55 and also the land bearing Gat No.53/6/2 for total...trial Judge has further held that the defendant no.1 clearly proved through witness of the plaintiff himself that the plaintiff had even made alteration in the area of property in agreement to sale dated...

...1332. This is a material alteration in the document and under no circumstances can the plaintiff claim any money on the basis of this document. The rule must, accordingly, be discharged with costs two gold mohurs. ...1. In this case, it seems, mat the rule was granted on the ground that the defendant himself in his deposition stated that he paid Rs. 25 in liquidation of his debt in 1332 B.S. If the.... period of limitation counts from that date, the suit would be within time.. The learned Judge, however, stated in his judgment that the plaintiff's son's-marriage took place in Jaistha 1331 when the...

...: It appears from the hatahitta that the date was altered from 1331 to 1332. This is a material alteration in the document and under no circumstances can the plaintiff claim any money on the basis of this document....1. In this case, it seems that the Rule was granted on the ground that the defendant himself in his deposition stated that he paid Rs. 25 in liquidation of his debt in 1332 B.S. If the...period of limitation counts from that date, the suit would be within time. The learned Judge, however, stated in his judgment that the plaintiff's son's marriage took place in Jaistha, 1331, when the...

...regard to the interpolation in the document. The said application was opposed by the plaintiff stating that there is no material alteration in the document and therefore, there is no necessity for...Section 118 of the Indian Evidence Act is against him and the burden is on him to establish that there was material alteration in the pronote and the interpolation in the document which...decreetal orders of the Subordinate Judge, Sivakasi, passed in I.A No. 26 of 2012 in O.S No. 5 of 2011 dated 09.04.2012:ORDERAggrieved over the fair and final orders...

...filed on basis of a fabricated document. Learned trial court has observed that after addition or alteration in document Ex.1, the plaintiff has filed a suit, therefore, he is not entitled to any...lies upon to establish that his possession was hostile to real owner and despite his challenge, no action was initiated for 12 years. 11. Here in this case, alteration in Ex.1 is sufficient to ...fabrication by alteration in Khasra number. He submitted that instead of Khasra No.5616 an alteration was made to make it to 5618. He referred the findings recorded by the trial Court and the Appellate...

...respondent that there was any alteration in the hand-note in suit. It is said that the addition of Gaina Beladar's name in the hand-note of 1313 Fasli amounted to a material alteration in the inst.... In the first place, there is no alteration at all in the document. The mere addition of the name of one of the executants in the document who did not sign is...no alteration within the meaning of the authorities on the subject. Even if it was a material alteration in the document it will be no reason to dismiss the case of the plaintiff in this case, for...

...of making an alteration in document without the consent of the party bound is exactly the same as that of cancelling the deed. In the case in hand, it is clear that Ex. 1 has been materially altered by...certain lines are added in Ex. 1. The trial court did not accept the defendants' contention that certain lines were added subsequently after signing of the document by defendant No. 3 in Ex. 1. The...distance between two lines. Thereafter, all of sudden, three lines comes on documents in good Hindi language, which is entirely different language written in the same document and also in continuation. The...

...is argued that the addition of the survey numbers constituted a material alteration in the document and that, as the attestors did not affix their signatures to that alteration, the whole document is...property and contains a ful description. The question is whether the addition of these survey numbers was such a material alteration of the document as to make in something different from what it was when...decree for the balance. The second defendant who appeals is a simple mortgagee Under another document which is Ex. I. 2. The point taken in appeal is that Ex. A regarded as a mortgage...

...execute a power of attorney in favour of Accused 1. After the said document was made by PW 1, two witnesses put their signatures along with PW 1 himself. Later they registered the said document in the...1 prepared the said document which was then signed by Accused 1. The said deed was registered in the Office of the Sub-Registrar, Valliyoor wherein both the accused were present and Accused 1 put his....”18. It would also be necessary to understand the scope of Section 464 IPC in this context:“464. Making a false document.—A...

...decision in Spector v. Ageda, (1971) 3 All ER 417. In that case it was found that the alteration made in the document in question was to the detriment of the borrower and therefor...a material alteration which invalidated the document. In Nathulal v. Mt. Gomti Kuar, AIR 1940 PC 160, the law on this point was summarised by ...: (AIR 1917 Cal 811), a Division Bench of this Court held that an alteration in a document after its execution and registration made in good faith to ...

...alteration. By this the legal position of the parties was varied. It also prejudiced the defendant from taking up the defence that the document was inadmissible in evidence as it was unstamped. In my..., But if the purpose of the attestation of the document is to obviate some difficulty which the plaintiff apprehends he might have to face in a Court of law, then such an alteration may amount to material...alteration. The front portion of Ex. P-1 was inadmissible in evidence as already mentioned. It could be made admissible if the document was attested because in that case it might...