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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The revisional application under Article 227 of the Constitution of India was filed by the plaintiff in a suit seeking permanent and mandatory injunction. The application challenged Order No. 4 dated January 22, 2019, passed by the learned District Judge, Alipore, South 24 Parganas, in Misc. Case No. 612 of 2018.

The plaintiff had initially filed Title Suit No. 1091 of 2018 in the Second Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore, valued at Rs. 31,100/-. It was admitted that this Second Court lacked territorial jurisdiction over the subject-matter of the suit.

The defendants filed an application under Section 24 of the Code of Civil Procedure before the District Judge, Alipore, seeking transfer of the suit to the First Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore, which had territorial jurisdiction. The District Judge allowed the application, transferring the suit to the First Court and dismissed the plaintiff's applications for stay and police help.

The plaintiff contended that although the Second Court lacked territorial jurisdiction, it had pecuniary jurisdiction as the suit value exceeded Rs. 30,000/-, being a Court notified under sub-section (2) of Section 19 of the Bengal, Agra and Assam Civil Courts Act, 1887, which allowed pecuniary jurisdiction up to Rs. 60,000/-.

Conflicting information slips were filed regarding pecuniary jurisdiction limits of the First and Second Courts, with one slip stating Rs. 30,000/- and the other Rs. 60,000/-. The parties could not produce the notification under Section 19(2) of the Act initially, prompting the Court to seek a report from the District Judge.

The District Judge reported an inability to locate any such notification extending pecuniary jurisdiction to Rs. 60,000/-. Subsequently, the State appeared and produced Notification No. 272-JL dated August 12, 2016, published in the Kolkata Gazette on September 1, 2016, extending pecuniary jurisdiction up to Rs. 60,000/- to multiple Civil Judges (Junior Division) courts, including both the First and Second Courts at Alipore.

As the First Court had both territorial and pecuniary jurisdiction, the impugned order transferring the suit was upheld. However, the Court noted that the District Judge had erroneously dismissed the plaintiff's application for police help, which was allowed earlier by the Second Court, and set aside that portion of the order.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the learned District Judge was correct in transferring the suit from the Second Court to the First Court on the ground of territorial jurisdiction.
  2. Whether the Second Court had pecuniary jurisdiction to entertain the suit valued at Rs. 31,100/- under the Bengal, Agra and Assam Civil Courts Act, 1887, as amended.
  3. Whether the dismissal of the plaintiff’s application for police help by the District Judge was justified.

Arguments of the Parties

Petitioner’s Arguments

  • The Second Court, despite lacking territorial jurisdiction, had pecuniary jurisdiction over suits valued up to Rs. 60,000/- by virtue of a notification under Section 19(2) of the Bengal, Agra and Assam Civil Courts Act, 1887.
  • The plaintiff relied on information slips indicating that the Second Court's pecuniary jurisdiction limit was Rs. 60,000/-.
  • The learned counsel argued that the dismissal of the application for police help by the District Judge was erroneous since the Second Court had earlier allowed it.

Respondent’s Arguments

  • The defendants sought transfer of the suit to the First Court on the basis that it had territorial jurisdiction over the subject-matter.
  • The defendants did not dispute the plaintiff’s submission regarding the police help application dismissal.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court first acknowledged that the Second Court lacked territorial jurisdiction over the suit. It then examined the pecuniary jurisdiction issue under Section 19 of the Bengal, Agra and Assam Civil Courts Act, 1887, which generally limits Civil Judges (Junior Division) to suits valued up to Rs. 30,000/-, but allows extension up to Rs. 60,000/- by notification.

Since the parties could not initially produce the notification extending pecuniary jurisdiction, the Court directed a report from the District Judge. The District Judge could not locate any such notification, casting doubt on the information slips indicating Rs. 60,000/- jurisdiction for the Second Court.

Subsequently, the State produced Notification No. 272-JL dated August 12, 2016, which extended pecuniary jurisdiction to Rs. 60,000/- for both the First and Second Courts at Alipore among others. This confirmed that the First Court had both territorial and pecuniary jurisdiction over the suit.

Accordingly, the Court found no reason to interfere with the District Judge’s order transferring the suit to the First Court. However, the Court accepted the petitioner’s submission regarding the police help application and set aside the portion of the order dismissing it.

Holding and Implications

The Court held that the order of the District Judge, Alipore, transferring the suit to the First Court of Civil Judge (Junior Division) was correct and did not warrant interference. The Court also set aside the dismissal of the application for police help filed by the petitioner.

CO 805 of 2019 is disposed of. No order as to costs.

The decision ensures that suits are tried in courts having both territorial and pecuniary jurisdiction, reaffirming the importance of jurisdictional limits under the Bengal, Agra and Assam Civil Courts Act, 1887. No new precedent was established; the ruling applies the existing statutory framework and relevant notification to the facts.

    Ashim Safui v. Dipankar Sen And Others

    Biswajit Basu, J.:— The revisional application under Article 227 of the Constitution of India is at the instance of the plaintiff in a suit for permanent as well as mandatory injunction and is directed against the order no. 4 dated January 22, 2019 passed by the learned District Judge, Alipore, South 24 Parganas, in Misc. Case No. 612 of 2018.

    2. The plaintiff filed the connected suit being Title Suit No. 1091 of 2018 in the Second Court of learned Civil Judge, (Junior Division), at Alipore. The value of the said suit is Rs. 31,100/-.

    3. Admittedly, the said 2 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore, Dist. : 24 Parganas(South) lacks the territorial jurisdiction over the subject-matter of the said suit.

    4. The defendants filed an application under Section 24 of the Code of Civil Procedure before the learned District Judge at Alipore registered as Misc. Case No. 612 of 2018 for transfer of the said suit to the 1 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) Alipore, Dist.: 24 Parganas(South) on the ground that the said Court has the territorial jurisdiction over the subject-matter of the said suit.

    5. The learned District Judge, Alipore, Dist. 24 Parganas(South) by the order impugned in the present revisional application has allowed the said application thereby transferred the said suit to the 1 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore after withdrawing the same from the 2 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore and dismissed the application for stay as well as the application for police help filed in the said suit.

    6. It is the consistent case of the plaintiff that the 2 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore, although lacks territorial jurisdiction over the subject-matter of the said suit but the value of the said suit since exceeds Rs. 30,000/-, the said Court is the only Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore, which has the pecuniary jurisdiction to entertain the said suit being a Court notified under sub-section (2) of Section 19 of the Bengal, Agra and Assam Civil Courts Act, 1887 (hereinafter referred to as the said Act, 1887, in short).

    7. Mr. Chakraborty, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner to ratify the said stand of the petitioner filed two Information Slips both dated February 21, 2019. One issued by the Sheristader of the 1 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore, with the information that upper limit of the pecuniary jurisdiction of the said Court is Rs. 30,000/- and the other Information Slip issued by the Sheristader of the 2 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore, with the information that the upper limit of the pecuniary jurisdiction of the said Court is Rs. 60,000/-.

    8. Section 19 of the said Act of 1887 determines the extent of pecuniary jurisdiction of Civil Judges (Junior Division). Sub-section (1) thereof limits the said jurisdiction of the Civil Judges (Junior Division) in respect of the suits valued upto Rs. 30,000/-.

    9. However, the State Government on the recommendation of the High Court by virtue of sub-section (2) of the said Section 19 of the said Act of 1887 may direct by notification in the Official Gazette with respect to any Civil Judges (Junior Division) named therein that his jurisdiction shall extend to all like suits of such value not exceeding Rs. 60,000/- as may be specified in the notification.

    10. Section 19 of the said Act of 1887 as amended by The Bengal, Agra, and Assam Civil Courts (West Bengal Amendment) Act, 2000 is reproduced below for ready reference:—

    “19. Extent of jurisdiction of [Civil Judges (Junior Division)].-

    (1) Save as aforesaid, and subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), the jurisdiction of a, [Civil Judges (Junior Division)] extends to all like suits of which the value does not exceed [thirty thousand rupees].

    (2) The State Government may, on the recommendation of the High Court, direct, by notification in the Official Gazette, with respect to any [Civil Judges (Junior Division)] named therein that his jurisdiction shall extend to all like suits of such value not exceeding [sixty thousand rupees] as may be specified in the notification. (W.B.).

    In Bihar does not exceed rupees 150000 [one lakh fifty thousand rupees]:

    Provided that the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, delegate to the High Court its powers under this sub-section.”

    11. The parties since could not produce the copy of the said notification under Section 19(2) of the said Act of 1887, this Court by the order dated April 05, 2019 sought for a report from the learned District Judge at Alipore, Dist. : 24 Parganas (South) through the Registrar (Judicial Service) of this Court regarding the aforementioned notification with a copy of the said notification.

    12. Pursuant to the said direction the learned District Judge, Alipore submitted his report dated April 17, 2019 which the Registrar (Judicial Service) placed before me under his letter dated April 18, 2019.

    13. In the said report the learned District Judge, Alipore expressed his inability to produce the said notification as after thorough search since April 11, 2019 he did not find any notification relating to the vesting of power with Civil Judge (Junior Division) to entertain suits exceeding Rs. 30,000/- and upto Rs. 60,000/-.

    14. It is really astonishing if that be the position how the Sheristader of the 2 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore, could able to supply the information to one Mr. Pijush Mallick, learned advocate at Alipore Judges Court on February 21, 2019 that the limit of pecuniary jurisdiction of the said Court is Rs. 60,000/-.

    15. Be that as it may under the aforesaid circumstances, this Court by the order dated June 12, 2019 directed the petitioner to serve a copy of the revisional application upon the learned Government Pleader with the intimation that this Court requires presence of the State to resolve the issue involved in the present revisional application.

    16. Mr. Robiul Islam, learned advocate, pursuant to the aforesaid direction appeared in the matter and supplied the photocopy of the notification under Section 19(2) of the said Act of 1887 bearing no. 272-JL dated August 12, 2016 published in the Kolkata Gazette on September 01, 2016.

    17. On perusal of the said notification it appears that by the said notification the pecuniary limit of the jurisdiction of the following Courts of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) in the District of 24 Parganas (South) has been extended to all like suits of which the value does not exceed Rs. 60,000/-:—

    “1) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 1 Court, Alipore,

    2) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 2 Court, Alipore,

    3) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 3 Court, Alipore,

    4) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 4 Court, Alipore,

    5) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 5 Court, Alipore,

    6) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 6 Court, Alipore,

    7) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 1 Addl. Court, Alipore,

    8) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 2 Addl. Court, Alipore,

    9) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 3 Addl. Court, Alipore,

    10) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 2 Court, Sealdah,

    11) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), Addl. Court, Sealdah,

    12) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 1 Court, Diamond Harbour,

    13) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 2 Court, Diamond Harbour,

    14) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 1 Addl. Court, Diamond Harbour and

    15) The Civil Judge (Junior Division), 2 Court, Diamond Harbour, in South 24 Parganas district.”

    18. In view of the fact that the 1 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division), Alipore has territorial jurisdiction over the subject-matter of Title Suit No. 1091 of 2018 and the said Court has also pecuniary jurisdiction over the said suit, the order impugned does not call for any interference.

    19. However, Mr. Chakraborty, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner, submits that the 2 Court of learned Civil Judge (Junior Division) at Alipore vide Order No. 13 dated September 20, 2018 had allowed the application filed by the petitioner for implementation of the order of injunction passed in the suit by police help but the learned District Judge at Alipore while allowing the said Misc. case has erroneously dismissed the said application.

    20. Mr. Mina, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the defendants/opposite party nos. 1 and 2, since is not disputing the said submission of Mr. Chakraborty, the portion of the order impugned whereby the application for police help filed by the petitioner has been rejected is set aside.

    21. With the above, CO 805 of 2019 is disposed of. No order as to costs.

    22. Let a copy of the Notification being No. 272-JL-dated 12th August, 2016 published in the Kolkata Gazette on September 1, 2016 along with the copy of this order be communicated to the learned District Judge, Alipore, South 24 Parganas by the learned Registrar (Judicial Service).

    23. The learned District Judge at Alipore, South 24 Parganas is required to circulate the said Notification as well as the copy of this order to all concerned.

    24. Urgent photostat certified copy of this order, if applied for, be supplied to the parties subject to compliance with all requisite formalities.

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    Comments

    Ashim Safui v. Dipankar Sen And Others
    (Aug 13, 2019)