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AMICUS AI
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1998 INSC 16
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Citation Codes
Neutral Citations
1998 INSC 16
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Attorney(S)
Judges
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The appellant entered government service in 1956 as a Sevak in the Tribal and Rural Welfare Department, progressed to Lower Division Clerk, and was promoted to Upper Division Clerk in 1961 (confirmed in 1969). On 28-10-1966 he was selected and appointed as a Senior Auditor in the Board of Revenue, Cuttack, and from 1-8-1967 his services were placed under the Revenue & Excise Department, Bhubaneswar.

In 1970 the Labour, Employment & Housing Department requisitioned names for filling Senior Auditor posts. Although the appellant expressed written unwillingness (letter dated 6-11-1970) to shift, the Revenue Department relieved him on 7-11-1970, compelling him to join the Labour Department. That department, however, insisted that seniority would be reckoned only from the date of joining it, disregarding his prior service.

The appellant filed objections against tentative and final gradation lists (the latter issued on 25-3-1977) that ranked him junior to several respondents. He also opposed his subsequent transfer to the Directorate of Employees’ State Insurance Scheme (ESI). His writ petition challenging these actions was transferred to the Orissa Administrative Tribunal as Transferred Application No. 166 of 1986.

By order dated 21-7-1987, the Tribunal set aside the transfer to the ESI Directorate and restored him to the Labour Department but refused to credit his pre-1970 service for seniority. The present appeal questions that part of the Tribunal’s decision.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the appellant’s service as Senior Auditor from 28-10-1966 under the Revenue Department must be counted for determining his seniority in the cadre of Senior Auditor in the Labour Department.
  2. Whether the Tribunal erred in concluding that the appellant had willingly joined the Labour Department and had thus accepted the loss of his earlier seniority.

Arguments of the Parties

Appellant's Arguments

  • He never consented to the transfer; his 6-11-1970 letter showed clear unwillingness, yet he was forcibly relieved on 7-11-1970.
  • Repeated requests to return to his parent Revenue Department were ignored, demonstrating absence of voluntary acceptance of the Labour Department’s seniority condition.
  • Therefore, excluding his pre-1970 Senior Auditor service from seniority calculations is unjustified.

The opinion does not contain a detailed account of the respondents’ legal arguments.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court observed that the appellant’s appointment as Senior Auditor on 28-10-1966 and his subsequent deployment to the Revenue Department were undisputed facts. It accepted the authenticity of his 6-11-1970 letter expressing unwillingness to move to the Labour Department and noted that the Revenue Department relieved him without considering that objection. Because the appellant never agreed to the condition limiting seniority to service within the Labour Department, the Court found “no justification” for ignoring his earlier service.

It concluded that the Tribunal committed an error by relying on an assumed voluntary transfer and by directing that seniority be reckoned only from the date the appellant joined the Labour Department. The correct legal principle, in the Court’s view, required recognition of continuous service in an equivalent post when the transfer was involuntary.

Holding and Implications

Appeal Allowed.

The Labour Department must recalculate the appellant’s seniority in the cadre of Senior Auditor by including service from 28-10-1966. If, on that basis, he became eligible for earlier promotion(s), the department must consider and, if appropriate, grant him notional promotion and revise his retiral benefits accordingly within six months. No order as to costs. The decision affects only the appellant’s service benefits and sets no new precedent beyond the specific administrative circumstances addressed.

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    Anand Chandra Dash v. State Of Orissa And Others

    G.B Pattanaik, J.— The order dated 21-7-1987 passed by the Orissa Administrative Tribunal dismissing Transferred Application No. 166 of 1986 of the appellant is under challenge in this appeal. The appellant was appointed initially in the year 1956 as a Sevak in the Tribal and Rural Welfare Department and then later on was appointed as LD Clerk in the District Welfare Office, Phulbani. From the post of LD Clerk he was promoted to the post of Upper Division Clerk in April 1961 and was confirmed on that post in April 1969. Prior to his confirmation as Upper Division Clerk he was further promoted to the post of Senior Auditor, Board of Revenue, Cuttack on being recommended by the Collector, Phulbani and on being selected. Later on his services were transferred to the Revenue and Excise Department, Bhubaneswar as a Senior Auditor where he was continuing with effect from 1-8-1967. In the year 1970 the Labour & Employment and Housing Department issued a requisition to all the government departments for sending the names to fill up the post of Senior Auditor in the Labour Department. The appellant's name was also sent along with others by the Revenue Department. The appellant was selected for being absorbed in the Labour Department and he was asked to offer his willingness by Revenue and Excise Department by letter dated 31-10-1970. The appellant expressed his unwillingness to join the new department but notwithstanding the same the employer Revenue Department relieved him by order dated 7-11-1970 and the appellant was forced to join the Labour, Employment and Housing Department. But the Labour Department insisted that the appellant cannot claim his seniority in the Labour Department. The appellant then filed a representation to the Labour Department claiming his seniority by taking into account his services as a Senior Auditor from the date he has been so appointed in the Board of Revenue, Orissa, Cuttack but the Labour Department did not accept his request nor even communicated any refusal to him. When the tentative gradation list of Senior Auditors was prepared by the Labour, Employment and Housing Department inviting objections, the appellant filed his objection as his past services had not been taken into account. But before disposal of his objection the Labour Department decided to transfer the Audit Branch to the direct control of the Directorate of Employees' State Insurance Scheme. The final gradation list was published by the Labour Department on 25-3-1977 and the appellant was shown junior to the respondents. The appellant then filed a representation challenging his seniority as shown in the gradation list of Senior Auditors in the Labour Department and shortly thereafter he was transferred to the Directorate of Employees' State Insurance Scheme. The appellant then filed a representation challenging his seniority as well as his transfer to the ESI Scheme but having failed in this attempt filed a writ petition in the Orissa High Court and the same writ petition stood transferred to the Administrative Tribunal and finally was disposed of by order dated 21-7-1987. The Tribunal by the impugned order set aside the order dated 26-4-1977, transferring the appellant to the Directorate of ESI and further directed that he would be treated as Senior Auditor of the Labour Department, but his claim of seniority as Senior Auditor in the Labour Department was not granted. In other words his earlier services as a Senior Auditor under the Revenue Department was not taken into account for the purpose of his seniority in the cadre of Senior Auditor under the Labour Department. The Tribunal in denying the relief of seniority claimed by the appellant in the Labour Department by taking into account services rendered by the appellant under the Revenue Department relied upon the fact of the appellant joining the Labour Department and came to the conclusion that he willingly joined the Labour Department even after knowing the condition that his seniority in the Labour Department in the cadre of Senior Auditor will be determined on the basis of taking his services as a Senior Auditor in the Labour Department itself and not taking his past service into account.

    2. Mr Das, the learned counsel appearing for the appellant challenged the conclusion of the Tribunal on the ground that the appellant had never joined the Labour Department willingly but on the other hand, he was forced to join notwithstanding his unwillingness to join the Labour Department, by letter dated 6-11-1970. He was relieved by the Revenue and Excise Department on 7-11-1970. Mr Das, learned counsel, also further contended that the appellant has all along been requesting that he should be reverted to his parent department, namely, Revenue and Excise Department but even that prayer had not been granted and under these circumstances there is no justification for ignoring his past services as a Senior Auditor in the Revenue Department for the purpose of determining his seniority in the cadre of Senior Auditor in the Labour Department. We find sufficient force in the aforesaid contention of the learned counsel appearing for the appellant. That the appellant was appointed as a Senior Auditor on being duly selected by the Member, Board of Revenue on 28-10-1966 is not disputed. It is also not disputed that his services were brought over to the Labour Department on requisition being made to all the government departments and on his name being sponsored by the Revenue Department. It is no doubt true that the Labour Department had indicated that the seniority will be determined on the basis of the date of joining of the Labour Department itself but the appellant had at no point of time agreed to the said condition, and on the other hand, unequivocally expressed his unwillingness to come over to the Labour Department by letter dated 6-11-1970 and without consideration of the same the Revenue Department relieved him requiring him to join in the Labour Department. In the aforesaid premises we see no justification in ignoring the service rendered by the appellant as a Senior Auditor under the Revenue Department. The Tribunal, in our considered opinion, committed an error by directing that seniority of the appellant in the cadre of Senior Auditor will be determined by taking his services from the date he joined the Labour Department. In our considered opinion the services of the appellant as a Senior Auditor from 28-10-1966 shall be taken into account for determining his seniority in the cadre of Senior Auditor in the Labour Department. The appellant, we are informed, has already retired from service. We, therefore, direct that the Labour Department would determine the seniority of the appellant in the cadre of Senior Auditor by taking into account his services from 28-10-1966 and on such determination if he would be entitled to consideration for promotion to any post at an earlier point of time that may be duly considered, and thereafter if he is found suitable then notional promotion may be given and ultimately his retiral benefits may be recalculated on that basis. This may be done within a period of six months of the receipt of this order.

    3. The appeal is accordingly allowed. But, in the circumstances there will be no order as to costs.

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    Anand Chandra Dash v. State Of Orissa And Others
    (Jan 13, 1998)