Non-Defendant Bad Character (CJA 2003 s.100): Excluding Hearsay Allegations and Policing “State of Mind” Evidence to Prevent Backdoor Propensity Proof 1) Introduction R v Horswill ([2026] EWCA Crim...
Spud Legs as “Deposited Objects” and the “Normal Navigation” Exemption under the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 1. Introduction Richards, R. v [2026] EWCA Crim 178 is a decision of the England...
Cannabis Evidence and “Capacity to Consent”: No Duty to Direct on Capacity (or Require Expert Evidence) Where Capacity Is Not Put in Issue 1. Introduction HEF, R. v [2026] EWCA Crim 172 is a Court of...
Lead Concurrent Sentence Must Reflect Overall Criminality; “No Separate Penalty” Wrong for Serious Weapon Possession in Unduly Lenient Sentence References 1) Introduction R v Garner ([2026] EWCA Crim...
Assumed Assistance-to-Police Discount Will Not Found Leave Where a Totality-Adjusted Drug Sentence Is Not Arguably Excessive 1. Introduction In R v GEE [2026] EWCA Crim 447, the Court of Appeal...
Section 15 Sale Orders for Closely-Held Company Shares: Co-operation Duties, Neutral Oversight, and Conditional Escalation to Share Transfer 1. Introduction A.B. v C.B. (proper provision; sale of...
Post‑Conviction “Attribution” Material and Safety of Conviction: No Unfairness Where the Defence Already Had the Evidential Building Blocks at Trial Case: Rex v Howard Neutral citation: [2026] EWCA...
“Confusion Clause” as a Contractual Hierarchy: MRC Slip Prevails Over Later MURA Arbitration and Governing Law Terms Where the Two Documents Conflict Case: Tyson International Company Ltd v GIC RE,...
Contact-Driven Refusal of Placement Orders: When a Stable Foster Home and “Necessary” Direct Parental Contact Mean Adoption Is Not “Required” 1. Introduction S, Re (Foster Care or Placement for...
NRSWA 1991: Section 82 “Shall Compensate” Claims Fall Outside Mandatory Arbitration Under Section 96(3) 1. Introduction Cadent Gas Ltd v CityFibre Ltd ([2026] EWCA Civ 46) concerns a targeted but...
Bad Character Not “Bolstering” Where Identification Is Supported by Substantial Independent Evidence; Discretionary Life Sentences for Dangerous Young Offenders in Public Revenge Stabbings 1....
Compatibility of Rebutting the “Safe Country of Origin” Presumption with a Finding of Effective State Protection (and the High Threshold for COI “Cherry-Picking” Challenges) 1) Introduction A.B. v...
Undisclosed Police-Interview Evidence and Social-Work Retraction Entries as McInnes “Stage 2” Material; Retrial Authority Granted Despite Crown Fault Case: Appeal against Conviction by YZ against His...
Totality Requires a Substantial Uplift on the Lead Rape Count Where There Is Prolonged Child Sexual Abuse and Grooming; Immaturity Mitigation Must Not Drive Sentences Outside Guideline Norms 1....
Chief Executive’s Summary as Sufficient “Consideration” of Public Submissions in Section 31 Ministerial Directions Case: Duffy v The Minister For Housing, Local Government and Heritage and Anor...
Modern Slavery Appeals After Guilty Pleas: The “Line in the Sand” Limiting Abuse of Process and the Materiality of Section 45 Advice 1. Introduction Kwiatkowska, R. ([2026] EWCA Crim 45) concerned...
Unless Orders Must Be Precisely Clear: Compliance Can Be Assessed by Reading Online Claim Particulars Together with Supplementary Filed Material Case: Gumbrell v YPG Pembroke Studios Ltd [2026] EWCA...
Mandatory OLR Where s 210E Risk Criteria Are Met: “Medium” RMA Rating Does Not Preclude Lifelong Restriction Case: Appeal Against Sentence by Otu Nyiam also known as Raymond Nyiam against His...
Special Grades Do Not Confer Immunity from Workload Monitoring: Academic Judgment Governs Remediation and Progression 1) Introduction MM v A University (Approved) [2026] IEHC 57 is a High Court...
Tailored SHPOs for Child-Grooming Risk: Incidental-Contact Carve‑Out and Digital-Device Controls; English Guidelines Only as a Cross‑Check 1. Introduction His Majesty's Advocate appealed to the...