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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The petitioner, Praveen Bhaskaran, proprietor of M/s. Galaxy Traders, filed a writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India challenging Ext.P5 assessment order. The order denied the petitioner Input Tax Credit (ITC) amounting to Rs.1,04,342/- (comprising CGST Rs.52,171/- and SGST Rs.52,171/-) on the ground that the ITC claimed was not reflected in Form GSTR-2A and the supplier dealer had not mentioned the relevant supplies in Form GSTR-1. The petitioner contended that despite the mismatch in GSTR-2A, he was entitled to the ITC. The assessment authority rejected the claim due to lack of documentary proof of tax payment to the government by the supplier. The petitioner approached the High Court for relief.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether denial of Input Tax Credit solely on the ground that the claimed ITC is not reflected in Form GSTR-2A is justified?
  2. Whether the assessing authority is obliged to independently examine documentary evidence submitted by the assessee to establish the genuineness of the ITC claim despite discrepancies between GSTR-2A and GSTR-3B?
  3. What is the proper procedure for the assessing authority when there is a difference between GSTR-2A and GSTR-3B with respect to ITC claims?

Arguments of the Parties

The opinion does not contain a detailed account of the parties' legal arguments.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Diya Agencies v. The State Tax Officer (Judgment dated 12.09.2023) Requirement for assessing officer to give opportunity and examine evidence when there is a difference between GSTR-2A and GSTR-3B in ITC claims. The Court relied on this judgment to direct reassessment and independent examination of evidence submitted by the petitioner despite discrepancy in GSTR-2A.
Union of India (UOI) v. Bharti Airtel Ltd and Others [2022 (4) SCC 328] Principles governing entitlement to Input Tax Credit and procedural fairness in assessment. Referenced to support the principle that ITC claims should be examined on merit and evidence, not solely on GSTR-2A data.
Suncraft Energy Private Limited and Another v. The Assistant Commissioner, State Tax, Ballygunge Charge [MAT 1218 of 2023, Calcutta HC] Assessment procedure regarding ITC claims and evidentiary requirements. Supported the view that assessing authorities must examine documentary evidence independently for ITC claims.
The State of Karnataka v. M/s. Ecom Gill Coffee Trading Private Limited [2023 (3) TMI 533 SC] Requirement of opportunity and independent examination of ITC claims notwithstanding discrepancies in GSTR forms. Cited to reinforce the obligation of the assessing authority to verify bona fide claims through evidence beyond GSTR-2A data.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court analyzed the legal framework under Section 155 of the GST Act, 2017, which addresses situations where the assessee claims ITC but the supplier has not deposited the tax with the government. The burden lies on the claimant to prove payment of tax. The assessing authority denied the ITC claim due to its absence in Form GSTR-2A and lack of documentary proof of payment. However, the Court referred to recent authoritative judgments which emphasized that a difference between GSTR-2A and GSTR-3B alone cannot be the sole basis to deny ITC. The assessing officer must provide the assessee an opportunity to submit evidence and independently verify the genuineness of the claim. The Court held that if the assessing authority, upon examining the evidence, finds the claim bonafide, ITC should be granted. Hence, the impugned order was set aside and the matter remitted for fresh consideration consistent with these principles.

Holding and Implications

DISPOSED OF

The Court set aside the assessment order denying Input Tax Credit of Rs.1,04,342/- and remitted the case back to the assessing authority for fresh examination of the evidence submitted by the petitioner, irrespective of discrepancies in GSTR-2A. The petitioner was directed to appear before the assessing authority within fifteen days with all relevant documents. The assessing authority was instructed to pass a fresh order expeditiously after independent verification of the evidence. No new precedent was established; rather, the Court applied existing principles to ensure procedural fairness and proper examination of ITC claims.

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    PRAVEEN BHASKARAN (PROPRIETOR) v. UNION OF INDIA

    IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM

    PRESENT

    THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE DINESH KUMAR SINGH

    WEDNESDAY, THE 20TH DAY OF SEPTEMBER 2023 / 29TH BHADRA, 1945

    WP(C) NO. 30538 OF 2023

    PETITIONER:

    PRAVEEN BHASKARAN (PROPRIETOR)

    AGED 44 YEARS

    M/S.GALAXY TRADERS, POOPANY ROAD, MUKKANAMCHERRY BUILDING, PERUMBAVOOR, PIN - 683542

    BY ADVS.

    P.N.DAMODARAN NAMBOODIRI

    HRITHWIK D. NAMBOOTHIRI

    RESPONDENTS:

    1 UNION OF INDIA

    REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY, MINISTRY OF FINANCE,

    DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, NEWDELHI, PIN - 110023

    2 STATE OF KERALA

    REPRESENTED BY ITS SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF TAXES ,

    SECRETARIAT, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, PIN - 695001

    3 THE COMMISSIONER

    STATE GOODS AND SERVICE TAX DEPARTMENT, 9TH FLOOR, TAX

    TOWER, KILLIPALAM, KARAMANA.P.O, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,

    PIN - 695001

    4 THE STATE TAX OFFICER

    STATE GST DEPARTMENT, FIRST CIRCLE, MINI CIVIL STATION,

    PERUMBAVOOR, PIN - 683542

    5 THE DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF STATE TAX (ARREAR RECOVERY)

    TAX PAYERS SERVICES, STATE GST DEPARTMENT, MINI CIVIL

    STATION, ALUVA, PIN - 683101

    ARUN AJAY SANKAR-GP

    THIS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) HAVING COME UP FOR ADMISSION ON

    20.09.2023, THE COURT ON THE SAME DAY DELIVERED THE FOLLOWING:

    1

    2

    JUDGMENT

    Dated this the 20th day of September, 2023

    1. The present writ petition has been filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India impugning Ext.P5 assessment order, whereby the petitioner claims for Input Tax Credit to the extent of Rs.1,04,342/- ie.,CGST of Rs.52,171/- and same amount of SGST has been denied on the ground that the Input Tax Credit to such an extent claimed by the petitioner-assessee was not effected in Form GSTR-2A and the supply dealer has not mentioned the supplies involved in the petitioner-dealer in form GSTR -1.

    2. Section 155 of the GST Act, 2017, takes care of such a situation wherein the fact that the assessee/dealer has taken inward supply, and the dealer has prepaid the admissible GST to the supplier-dealer and the supplier-dealer has not deposited the said tax amount to the Government,

    3

    in such a situation the burden is on the person who claims the Input Tax Credit to prove his claim. The paid person in such a situation is required to furnish documentary evidence to prove that such tax has been paid by him. The assessing authority has denied the claim of the petitioner on the ground that the Input Tax Credit claimed by the petitioner was not reflected in GSTR-2A and he did not submit any proof of the payment of the GST to the Government. This Court by dealing with such a situation in the case of Diya Agencies v. The State Tax Officer in its judgment dated 12.09.2023 and after taking note of the judgment of the Supreme Court in the case of Union of India (UOI) v. Bharti Airtel Ltd and Others reported in [2022(4) SCC 328] and Suncraft Energy Private Limited and Another v. The Assistant Commissioner, State Tax, Ballygunge Charge and others [MAT 1218 of 2023] passed by the

    4

    Calcutta High Court and the judgment of the Supreme Court in the case of The State of Karnataka v. M/s.Ecom Gill Coffee Trading Private Limited [2023 (3) TMI 533 SC] has held that the assessing officer is required to give an opportunity to the assessee in respect of his claim for Input Tax Credit, if there is difference between GSTR- 2A and GSTR-3B. If on examination of the evidence submitted by the assessee, the assessing officer is satisfied that the claim is bonafide and genuine, the assessee should be given the Input Tax Credit. Merely on the ground that in Form GSTR-2A the tax to an extent of Input Tax Credit being claimed by the petitioner is not reflected should not be a sufficient ground to deny the claim of the assessee for Input Tax Credit. The assessing authority is required to independently examine the evidence regarding the claim of the assessee for Input Tax Credit irrespective of the fact that tax is

    5

    not reflected in Form GSTR-2A for which the assessee claims Input Tax Credit.

    2. Considering the aforesaid facts of the case and the judgment in the case of Diya Agencies (supra), the impugned assessment order so far as the denial of Input Tax Credit to the petitioner to the extent of Rs.1,04,342/- is set aside. The case is remitted back to the file of the assessing authority to examine the evidence in possession of the petitioner as such irrespective of the difference in GSTR -2A and GSTR- 3B and on examination of the evidence, if the assessing authority is satisfied with the claim of the petitioner for Input Tax Credit to the extent of Rs.1,04,342/- which is denied by the Assessing Authority shall pass orders in accordance with law.

    3. The petitioner is directed to appear before the assessing authority along with the judgment and all relevant documents/evidence in

    6

    his possession within a period of fifteen days from today. The assessing authority will examine the evidence and pass a fresh order expeditiously.

    4. With the aforesaid directions, this writ petition is finally disposed of. Sd/-

    DINESH KUMAR SINGH

    JUDGE

    AP

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    PRAVEEN BHASKARAN (PROPRIETOR) v. UNION OF INDIA
    (Sep 20, 2023)