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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The matter arises from an ongoing set of interlocutory applications (IAs) concerning a road project proposed by the Uttar Pradesh Public Works Department (PWD). Pursuant to the Court’s earlier order dated 15-9-2008, the State filed an additional affidavit enclosing: (a) a certificate dated 11-9-2008 issued by the State-Level Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), U.P., and (b) the PWD’s application dated 23-4-2008 seeking environmental clearance. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study was conducted for the project, and based on the EIA Committee’s report, the SEIAA granted conditional clearance. The present order addresses further scrutiny of that clearance, the potential cutting of a large number of trees, and related procedural directions for filing documents and responses.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the State-level environmental clearance granted on 11-9-2008 is adequate, or whether the matter requires evaluation by the Forest Advisory Committee constituted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Government of India, in view of the large-scale tree felling involved.
  2. Whether the State of Uttar Pradesh has already cut any trees prior to obtaining final environmental approvals.

Arguments of the Parties

The opinion does not contain a detailed account of the parties' legal arguments.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court acknowledged the SEIAA’s conditional clearance but deemed further scrutiny necessary because the project entails the cutting of “a large number of trees.” Recognising the ecological sensitivity of such activity, the Court held that an additional, higher-level assessment by the Forest Advisory Committee of the MoEF is appropriate. Consequently, the Court:

  • Directed the State to file copies of all relevant documents before the MoEF within one week.
  • Requested the Forest Advisory Committee to examine the matter and submit a report within four weeks thereafter.
  • Clarified that any determination regarding whether the State has already cut trees will be deferred until the Committee’s report is received.
  • Granted counsel for an intervenor four weeks to respond to the amicus curiae’s report.

Holding and Implications

ORDER: The environmental clearance granted by the SEIAA is not treated as final; the Court mandates a fresh examination by the Forest Advisory Committee of the MoEF and sets specific timelines for submission of documents and reports.

Implications: The decision postpones any definitive approval of the project and forest-clearing activities until a central authority evaluates environmental impacts. The order directly affects the parties by imposing new procedural steps and timelines, but it sets no broader precedent beyond this case.

    M.C Mehta v. Union Of India And Others

    Order

    1. It is stated by the learned Senior Counsel Mr Dwivedi that IA No. 460 has wrongly been mentioned in the letter circulated.

    IA No. 460

    2. An additional affidavit has been filed in compliance with our order dated 15-9-2008 by the Public Works Department, State Government of U.P annexing therewith: (a) a true typed copy of Certificate No. 1473 dated 11-9-2008 granted by the State-Level Environmental Impact Assessment Authority, Uttar Pradesh; and (b) a true translated copy of the application dated 23-4-2008 filed by the Chief Engineer, Uttar Pradesh Public Works Department, Agra Zone, Agra, Uttar Pradesh.

    3. It appears that an environment impact assessment study was undertaken and in the report, inter alia, it was stated:

    “An environment impact assessment (EIA) study is a prerequisite for getting environmental clearance from the said authorities of the State or Central Government. The purpose of environmental impact assessment (EIA) report is to assist in the decision-making process and to ensure that the project options under consideration are environmentally sound and sustainable. EIA identifies ways of improving project environmentally by prevention and amelioration of the adverse impacts. The findings of EIA study will be incorporated in the road design. The approach adopted in the EIA study is to ensure that positive environmental impacts are maximised and the negative ones are minimised to the extent possible. The steps taken generally consist of incorporation of appropriate mitigation measures in engineering designs, construction schedules and techniques, as well as in operational and management practices outlined as a part of Environmental Management Plan (EMP).”

    4. Based on the report of the Environment Impact Assessment Committee, a clearance has been given by the State-Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority of U.P by a Letter dated 11-9-2008 addressed to the Chief Engineer of the U.P Public Works Department, Agra Division, Agra, subject to the conditions mentioned therein.

    5. We are, however, of the opinion that having regard to the peculiar features of this case, as cutting of a large number of trees is involved, it will be appropriate if the question of grant of the clearance having regard to the environmental impact is examined by the Forest Advisory Committee constituted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Union of India.

    6. Let copies of the relevant documents be filed before the appropriate authority within one week from date. The authority concerned of the Ministry of Environment and Forests is hereby requested to consider the matter and file a report before this Court within four weeks thereafter.

    7. It is made clear that the question as to whether the State of U.P has indeed cut any trees or not shall be considered after the report is obtained.

    8. Mr A.D.N Rao, learned counsel prays and is granted four weeks' time to file response to the report of the learned amicus curiae. Put up after four weeks.

    IA No. 475

    9. Mr Panjwani, learned counsel appearing on behalf of Central Pollution Control Board states that an application for impleading some parties, who are running the brick kilns, shall be filed within two weeks. List after four weeks.

    IAs Nos. 478 to 481

    10. List after four weeks in view of the letter circulated.

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    Comments

    M.C Mehta v. Union Of India And Others
    (Oct 13, 2008)