AMICUS AI
Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Judges
Acts
  • Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
  • Bihar Saw Mills Regulation Act, 1990
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Cites
Cited by
Citation Codes
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Judges
Acts
  • Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
  • Bihar Saw Mills Regulation Act, 1990
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The order emanates from Writ Petition (Civil) No. 337 of 1995, to which a large number of Interlocutory Applications (IAs) have been tagged. The Supreme Court is overseeing diverse forest- and wildlife-related regulatory issues—ranging from saw-mill licensing to permissions under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972—through periodic directions. In this particular sitting the Court:

  • Granted permission sought by certain petitioners after noting a 16-9-2009 resolution of the National Board for Wildlife, while directing the State to comply with Sections 18 to 26-A and 35 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and to seek the Court’s leave before issuing the final Section 26-A notification.
  • Issued notices, called for status reports and Central Empowered Committee (CEC) reports, and fixed time-lines ranging from two weeks to three months for various respondents and State authorities (Tamil Nadu and others).
  • Disposed of several IAs involving requests for exemption from the Bihar Saw Mills Regulation Act, 1990, challenges to seniority lists, and renewal or cancellation of saw-mill licences.
  • Imposed conditions—including payment of a one-time penalty of ₹9 lakhs per press—while allowing applications for grant of licences to plywood units that had operated in violation of earlier Court orders.
  • Converted an alleged contempt petition into a regular IA on finding no wilful disobedience, yet issued limited interim stay and further directions.

Legal Issues Presented

The opinion addresses a procedural matter and does not frame distinct legal issues.

Arguments of the Parties

The opinion does not contain a detailed account of the parties' legal arguments.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
(1997) 2 SCC 267 (order dated 4-3-1997) Regulates operation of saw-mills and plywood units; violation invites penalties. Used as the benchmark for imposing a one-time penalty of ₹9 lakhs per press on plywood units that had operated contrary to earlier directions.
(1997) 3 SCC 312 (order dated 12-12-1996) Sets parameters for grant/renewal of saw-mill licences. Relied upon when noting that a licence allegedly issued contrary to this order could be challenged before the licensing authority.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

  • Permission based on NBWL approval: The Court granted the petitioners’ request because the National Board for Wildlife had already accorded formal approval. It nonetheless required the State to adhere strictly to the statutory procedure in the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and to seek further leave of the Court before finalising any notification under Section 26-A.
  • Monitoring through reports: To maintain oversight, the Court directed the CEC and the State of Tamil Nadu to file periodic reports within specified time-frames, ensuring continued judicial supervision.
  • Regulation of saw-mills: Where exemption from the Bihar Saw Mills Regulation Act, 1990 was sought, the Court pointed the applicant to statutory remedies—either an appeal pending before the District and Sessions Judge or an application to the Regional Forest Conservation Officer.
  • Licence renewal and penalties: In allowing fresh licences to plywood units, the Court made its approval conditional on payment of penalties and compliance with Uttarakhand Forest Department guidelines, thereby balancing regularisation with deterrence.
  • Handling alleged contempt: Finding no wilful defiance, the Court converted a contempt petition into a regular IA but still issued notice and granted interim stay, illustrating a calibrated approach to enforcement.
  • Repeated opportunity for fresh applications: For applicants intending to submit new requests pursuant to earlier Court orders (27-7-2007), the Court simply directed the competent authority to consider and decide such applications promptly.

Holding and Implications

Multiple IAs were disposed of, permissions granted, and detailed directions issued to State authorities, licensing bodies, and the Central Empowered Committee.

Immediate implications include:

  • Petitioners may proceed under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 only after Court-supervised statutory compliance.
  • Plywood units can regularise their operations upon payment of penalties and adherence to departmental conditions.
  • State governments and the CEC are under strict timelines to report back, reinforcing continuous judicial oversight.

No new legal doctrine was articulated; the order primarily enforces and fine-tunes previously established regulatory norms.

    Centre For Environmental Law, World Wide Fund-India v. Union Of India And Others

    Order

    Item No. MM IA No. 100 in WP (C) No. 337 of 1995

    1. List this matter next week.

    Item No. 301

    2. Heard the learned counsel for the parties.

    3. Permission sought for by the petitioners is granted since the Committee of National Board for Wildlife vide its resolution in its meeting dated 16-9-2009 has granted formal approval. However, the State has to follow the procedure laid down under Sections 18 to 26-A and 35 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and before finalising the notification under Section 26-A of the Act, the State has to get permission of the Court.

    4. List after three months.

    Item No. 302

    5. Issue notice to Respondent 7 by dasti. Mr Ramesh Babu M.R, learned counsel appearing on behalf of Respondents 1 to 6 accepts notice.

    6. In the meantime, CEC to submit its report within four weeks. Counter-affidavit, if any, shall be filed.

    Item No. 303

    7. The State of Tamil Nadu is directed to file the status report within one month. Counter-affidavit, if any, be filed within one month. List after one month.

    8. On the State of Tamil Nadu filing proper application, records be made available by the Registry.

    Item No. 304

    9. Adjourned for two weeks. Mr Mohan Jain, learned ASG appears for MoEF. A copy of the IA be served by the applicant to MoEF. Response be filed within two weeks.

    10. In the meantime, parties shall exchange their pleadings. Leave is granted to file reply.

    Item No. 305

    11. IA No. 2989 has been preferred seeking a direction to exempt the applicant unit from the provisions of the Bihar Saw Mills Regulation Act, 1990 and also to exclude the petitioner from the seniority list. As things stand today, the petitioner has been shown in the seniority list at No. 82. Against that he has preferred an appeal before the District and Sessions Judge and we are informed that the appeal is pending consideration before the District and Sessions Judge.

    12. Further, the learned counsel for the petitioner submits that his unit does not fall under the category of sawmills. If that be so, he can approach the Regional Forest Conservation Officer and it is for that officer to look into the same and pass appropriate orders in accordance with law.

    13. With the above observations, IA No. 2979 is disposed of. No order on the application for impleadment.

    Item No. 306

    14. Post this IA along with IAs Nos. 2971-73.

    Item No. 307

    15. This application is disposed of directing CEC to take decision on the request for renewal of licence for sawmill within one month.

    Item No. 308

    16. Issue notice.

    Item No. 309

    17. Perused the report of CEC.

    18. The application for grant of licences is allowed subject to the following conditions: (mentioned at p. 4 of the CEC Report)

    (i) The plywood units will deposit Rs 9.0 lakhs per press as one-time penalty for operating in violation of the relevant sawmill rules (and also in violation of this Court's order dated 4-3-1997 (1997) 2 SCC 267);
    (ii) The installation of additional hot press, peeler and/or horizontal band saws will not be permissible. The number of peelers, slicers and vertical band saws, will be regulated as per the existing guidelines/decision in respect of other plywood units in the State; and
    (iii) Conditions imposed by the Uttarakhand Forest Department for grant of licence will be strictly complied with.

    Item No. 310

    19. The learned counsel for the applicant submits that they intend to file a fresh application as per the order of this Court dated 27-7-2007 IA No. … in WP (C) No. 202 of 1995. The appropriate authority will consider the same and pass appropriate order, if a fresh application is submitted.

    20. The applications are, accordingly, disposed of.

    Item No. 311

    21. The learned counsel for the applicant submits that they intend to file a fresh application as per the order of this Court dated 27-7-2007 IA No. … in WP (C) No. 202 of 1995. The appropriate authority will consider the same and pass appropriate order.

    22. The applications are, accordingly, disposed of.

    Item No. 312

    23. An application has been filed seeking direction to Respondent 2 to cancel the sawmill licence granted to Respondent 1 which, according to the petitioner, is contrary to the order dated 12-12-1996 (1997) 3 SCC 312 passed by this Court. If so advised, he may file an application before the licensing authority and that authority will consider the same and pass appropriate orders.

    24. The application for directions is disposed of. No order on the application for impleadment.

    Item No. 313

    25. We do not find any reason to treat this application as contempt petition as there is no wilful defiance of the order passed by this Court. We, therefore, treat this contempt petition as an IA, not as a contempt petition.

    26. Issue notice to Respondents 2 and 8 returnable within three weeks. There shall be interim stay for a period of one month.

    Item No. 314

    27. CEC to file its report within four weeks.

    Item No. 315

    28. CEC to file its report within one month.

    Item No. 316

    29. Mr P.S Narasimha, learned Senior Counsel (amicus curiae) resumed his arguments at 2.55 p.m and was on his legs when the Court rose for the day. The matter remained as part-heard.

    Item No. 317

    30. Not taken up.

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    Centre For Environmental Law, World Wide Fund-India v. Union Of India And Others
    (Aug 5, 2011)