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Citation Codes
Neutral Citations
2009 INSC 459
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Advocates
Judges
Acts
  • Article 12 of the Constitution of India
  • Section 5, Subsection 2 of the 1983 Income Tax Act (not found)
  • Order 8 Rule 5 of the Code of Civil Procedure
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Cites
Cited by
Citation Codes
Neutral Citations
2009 INSC 459
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Advocates
Judges
Acts
  • Article 12 of the Constitution of India
  • Section 5, Subsection 2 of the 1983 Income Tax Act (not found)
  • Order 8 Rule 5 of the Code of Civil Procedure
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

An advertisement issued by the Chief General Manager, U.P (W) Telecom Circle, Dehradun invited applications for eight vacancies of Telecom Technical Assistants (TTA) at the office of the Telecom District Manager, Pilibhit (five General, two OBC, one SC). A selection committee published the results on 8-8-2002. Ten candidates were listed, of whom Pradeep Kumar (Sl. No. 3) and Kamlesh Kumar Maurya (Sl. No. 7) ultimately did not join the post.

The respondents—positioned on the wait list—submitted representations on 12-9-2003 and 20-9-2003 requesting appointment against the two resultant vacancies. The representations were rejected on the ground that the recruitment rules contained no provision for a waiting list.

The respondents filed a writ petition before the Allahabad High Court, which a Single Judge allowed on 1-12-2004, ordering their appointment. In an intra-court appeal, a Division Bench on 1-2-2005 modified the order, directing the authorities to consider the respondents for the two vacancies within six weeks. A review petition was dismissed on 3-1-2006. The present appeal before the Supreme Court challenges those High Court orders.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether, in the absence of an express provision in the recruitment rules for maintaining a waiting list, the respondents could claim consideration for appointment when selected candidates declined to join.
  2. Whether the “life” of the selection panel (allegedly one year) had expired, making any direction to consider the respondents impermissible.

Arguments of the Parties

Appellant’s Arguments

  • No statutory provision authorised the preparation or operation of a waiting list; therefore the High Court could not compel consideration of wait-listed candidates.
  • The selection panel had a shelf-life of one year; since more than a year had elapsed, the respondents’ claim was time-barred.
  • One of the vacancies was later earmarked for a physically handicapped candidate, leaving no post available for the respondents.

Respondents’ Arguments

  • Supported the High Court’s conclusions, emphasising that other districts within the same organisation had operated waiting lists and appointed candidates therefrom.
  • Contended that the appellants failed to specifically deny material averments in their writ petition, amounting to deemed admission under Order 8 Rule 5 CPC.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Girdhar Kumar Dadhich v. State of Rajasthan (2009) 2 SCC 706 Ordinarily a selection panel remains valid for one year. The Court acknowledged the one-year norm but held it satisfied because the panel was approved only in August 2003 and the respondents sought consideration within that period.
Amlan Jyoti Borooah v. State of Assam (2009) 3 SCC 227 A party cannot raise a contention for the first time on appeal when it was not urged before the lower courts. Used to reject the appellant’s belated argument regarding expiry of the panel’s life, noting it had never been raised earlier.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

1. Deemed admission of facts: The Supreme Court agreed with the High Court that the appellants’ affidavit failed to specifically deny key averments—particularly that waiting lists were maintained in other districts—triggering Order 8 Rule 5 CPC. Consequently, the factual existence and practice of a waiting list stood admitted.

2. State’s duty of candour: As an instrumentality of the State within Article 12, the appellant was expected to place correct legal and factual material before the court. Its failure to do so undermined its defence.

3. Absence of legal bar to operating the wait list: The Court found no statutory prohibition against using the wait list, especially when the department itself had followed that practice elsewhere.

4. Validity period of the panel: Relying on Girdhar Kumar Dadhich, the Court observed that while panels ordinarily expire after one year, the relevant one-year period commenced only upon the appellant’s approval of the list in August 2003. The respondents made their representations within that period. Moreover, the contention was never urged before the High Court; under Amlan Jyoti Borooah, it could not be raised for the first time in the Supreme Court.

5. Earmarking of a handicapped vacancy: The Court noted that the decision to treat a vacancy as reserved for a handicapped person arose only in 2003 and was dehors (outside) the original advertisement; it therefore did not invalidate the respondents’ claim.

Holding and Implications

APPEAL DISMISSED.

The Supreme Court affirmed the Division Bench’s directive requiring the appellant to consider the respondents for appointment against the two unfilled TTA vacancies. The deposit of ₹20,000 by the appellants satisfies the costs order; no further costs were imposed. The judgment reinforces that:

  • Failure to specifically deny factual assertions may result in deemed admissions under Order 8 Rule 5 CPC.
  • A selecting authority cannot avoid operating a waiting list if its own conduct elsewhere shows the practice to be routine, absent any explicit rule to the contrary.
  • Contentions not argued before lower courts will generally not be entertained at the appellate stage.
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    Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited And Others v. Abhishek Shukla And Another

    S.B Sinha, J.— Leave granted. This appeal is directed against a judgment and order dated 1-2-2005 passed by a Division Bench of the Allahabad High Court whereby and whereunder an order dated 1-12-2004 passed by a learned Single Judge of the said Court was modified as also the order dated 3-1-2006 passed by a learned Single Judge of the said High Court dismissing the review application filed by the appellant herein.

    2. The basic fact of the matter is not in dispute. An advertisement was issued by the Chief General Manager, U.P (W), Telecom Circle, Dehradun for recruitment to the post of Telecom Technical Assistants (General Central Services) Group C non-gazetted, non-ministerial in the Office of Telecom District Manager, Pilibhit. In the said advertisement, it was specified that there exists five vacancies for the post of General Category candidates, two reserved for the candidates belonging to Other Backward Classes and one for the Scheduled Caste candidates.

    3. Indisputably, pursuant to the said advertisement a large number of applications were filed. A Selection Committee was constituted which prepared a select list. It is also beyond any doubt or dispute that names of the respondents herein were placed in the wait list.

    4. The results were published on 8-8-2002 which are in the following terms:

    “Sl. No. Roll No. Name Date of birth Caste Total Roster 1 14-035 Alok Kumar Rathor 5-7-1978 OBC 724 Gen 2 14-063 Ravi Kumar 16-7-1974 SC 659 Gen 3 14-008 Pradeep Kumar 5-1-1976 OBC 650 Gen 4 14-059 Sanjay Kumar 1-1-1978 OBC 645 OBC 5 14-004 Chandra Pal Singh 12-5-1978 SC 611 SC 6 14-129 Amit Vaish 16-7-1974 OC 611 Gen 7 14-058 Kamlesh Kumar Maurya 2-7-1980 OBC 608 Gen 8 14-112 Prem Pal 2-1-1979 OBC 600 OBC 9 14-085 Abhishek Shukla 1-8-1979 OC 596 Gen 10 14-151 Jitendra Pal Gangwar 21-4-1979 OBC 589 SC”

    It is furthermore not in dispute that Shri Pradeep Kumar and Shri Kamlesh Kumar Maurya, whose names appear at Sl. Nos. 3 and 7 at the said select list did not join their posts. The first respondent belongs to General Category candidate whereas the second respondent belongs to Scheduled Castes category candidate.

    5. The selected candidates were sent for training for a period of two months. They had, however, been given placement orders only on 29-8-2003.

    6. Having come to learn that two of the select list candidates had not joined, the respondents made representations on or about 12-9-2003 and 20-9-2003 respectively. The said representations were, however, rejected only on the premise that there was no provision in the recruitment rules for maintaining such a wait list. The respondents filed a writ petition before the Allahabad High Court praying, inter alia, for the following reliefs:

    “Issue a writ, order or direction in the nature of certiorari quashing the impugned letter dated 24-11-2003, issued by the respondents (Annexure 7).
    Issue a writ, order or direction in the nature of mandamus directing the respondents to issue appointment letters to the petitioners, in the light of the result declared by the respondents.”

    In the affidavit filed on behalf of the appellant herein and affirmed by one Shri B.S Bhandari, it was averred:

    “That in reply to the contents of Paras 10, 11 and 12 of the writ petition, it is stated that there is no provision of waiting list by the department.”

    7. By reason of a judgment and order dated 1-12-2004, a learned Single Judge of the High Court noticed that most of the averments made in the writ petition had not been traversed and, thus, the same would be deemed to have been admitted. The writ petition was, therefore, allowed, directing:

    “In the result, the writ petition stands allowed. The order dated 26-9-2003/24-11-2003 passed on the representation of the petitioner, is quashed. The petitioners would be entitled to be given appointment on the post of Telecom Technical Assistants under Telecom District Manager, Pilibhit in pursuance of the select list dated 5-8-2002. There will be no order as to costs.”

    8. An intra-court appeal was preferred thereagainst and by reason of the impugned judgment, the order of the learned Single Judge was modified to the following effect:

    “The learned Single Judge has allowed the writ petition vide judgment and order dated 1-12-2004 issuing a direction to the present appellants to appoint Respondents 1 and 2 on the post of Telecom Technical Assistants under Telecom District Manager, Pilibhit, as their names appeared in the waiting list at Sl. Nos. 1 and 2, as two persons from the select list did not join.
    The learned Single Judge has held that the present appellants did not file the counter-affidavit in a proper manner and the denial was not in accordance with the mandate of Order 8 Rule 5 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The averments made in the petition were thereafter found to be correct. No interference is required with the judgment and order of the learned Judge except to the extent that the learned Single Judge should not have issued a direction to the appellants to appoint the petitioners straightaway. In our opinion the present appellants should have been directed to consider the candidates whose names appeared in the waiting list against those vacancies.
    In view of the above, the impugned judgment and order dated 1-12-2004 is modified to the extent that the present appellants shall consider to fill up the two vacancies which remained unfilled because two selected persons did not join by offering the appointment letters to the respondents who are in the waiting list at Sl. Nos. 1 and 2 within a period of six weeks from today.”

    9. As indicated hereinbefore, by an order dated 3-1-2006, the review application filed by the appellants has been dismissed.

    10. Mr K.C Kaushik, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant, would contend:

    (i) There being no provision in the statutory rules for preparing a select list with wait-listed candidates, the impugned judgment cannot be sustained.
    (ii) The life of the panel being one year, it was impermissible for the High Court to direct the appellant to consider the candidatures of the respondents.

    11. Mr Navin Chawla, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the respondents, on the other hand, would support the impugned judgment.

    12. In their writ petition, the respondents had categorically stated that only on 29-8-2003, the appellant had cleared the names of six persons and were permitted to join. Para 4 of the counter-affidavit, traversing the averments made in Para 7 of the writ petition, reads as under:

    “That in reply to the contents of Para 7 of the writ petition it is stated that only eight candidates were selected in merit list and they have been appointed.”

    13. In Para 13 of their writ petition, the respondents averred:

    “That in this regard, appointments made at other places, wait-listed persons have been given appointment. At one of such place i.e Meerut, one Shri Parvesh Malhotra bearing Roll No. 1880 and Shri Nirmal Singh bearing Roll No. 1575, who were not in the first twenty, but subsequently they have been given appointment being on the wait-listed panel. A copy of the aforesaid result is annexed as Annexure 9 to this writ petition.”

    The said averments have been traversed in Para 8 of the affidavit, stating:

    “That contents of Para 13 of the writ petition are not correct as stated, hence denied. It is stated that there is no waiting list in Pilibhit.”

    14. There cannot, therefore, be any doubt whatsoever that the allegations contained in the writ petition that in all other districts the Selection Committee had prepared a “wait list” and a large number of appointments had been made therefrom were not specifically been denied.

    15. The appellant is “State” within the meaning of Article 12 of the Constitution of India. It must have its Law Department. It is, therefore, difficult to conceive that the officers concerned of the Department could not place the factual and legal position before the Court as has been contended before us.

    16. Mr Kaushik furthermore contended that one of the vacancies had been earmarked for a handicapped candidate and, thus, it is not possible to comply with the order of the High Court. Such a decision must have been taken only in the year 2003. Such appointment of a handicapped person, indisputably, is dehors the advertisement.

    17. We, therefore, do not find any error in the impugned judgments. We are, however, not oblivious of the fact that ordinarily the life of such a panel is one year as has been observed by this Court in Girdhar Kumar Dadhich v. State of Rajasthan (2009) 2 SCC 706, (2009) 2 Scale 98. However, the select list was approved by the appellant only in August 2003 and the respondents having made representations within one year therefrom in our opinion, the said requirement also stands satisfied in the instant case. Moreover, such a question had not ever been raised before the courts below. Had such a question been raised, the respondents could have dealt with the same. (See Amlan Jyoti Borooah v. State of Assam (2009) 3 SCC 227, (2009) 2 Scale 56.)

    18. For the reasons aforementioned, we do not find any merit in this appeal. It is dismissed accordingly. As the appellants have already deposited a sum of Rs 20,000 pursuant to this Court's order dated 24-4-2006, we do not make any order as to costs.

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    Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited And Others v. Abhishek Shukla And Another
    (Apr 8, 2009)