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Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The petitioners, who are married against the wishes of respondents Nos. 4 to 7, sought directions to respondents Nos. 2 and 3 to protect their life and liberty and to restrain respondents Nos. 4 to 7 from interfering in their peaceful married life. Respondent No. 4 registered a DDR which led to the registration of FIR No. 97 dated 1.7.2008 at Police Station Industrial Area, Chandigarh, based on allegations that petitioner No. 1 was a minor. The prosecution collected evidence indicating that petitioner No. 1 was above 18 years of age, and consequently, the State decided not to proceed further with the FIR. The petitioners moved the Court seeking quashing of FIR No. 98 dated 21.7.2008 and protection from harassment. Respondents Nos. 4 to 7 opposed the petition, claiming petitioner No. 1 is a minor entitled to their custody and had filed a petition under the Code of Criminal Procedure in a competent court.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether petitioner No. 1 is a minor as claimed by respondents Nos. 4 to 7, thereby entitling them to custody.
  2. Whether FIR No. 98 dated 21.7.2008 and subsequent proceedings based on allegations of minor age and harassment should be quashed.
  3. Whether respondents Nos. 4 to 7 are entitled to interfere with the peaceful married life of the petitioners.
  4. Whether the petitioners are entitled to protection of their life and liberty from the respondents.

Arguments of the Parties

Petitioners' Arguments

  • The petitioners claimed they are legally married and that the marriage was against the wishes of respondents Nos. 4 to 7.
  • They feared false implication and harassment by respondents Nos. 4 to 7.
  • Petitioner No. 1 asserted she was above 18 years of age at the time of marriage, supported by a record certificate showing her date of birth as 15.3.1990.

Respondents Nos. 4 to 7's Arguments

  • Respondents contended that petitioner No. 1 is a minor, less than 18 years but more than 16 years old, entitling them to claim custody.
  • They had filed a petition under the Code of Criminal Procedure for custody in a competent court.

State/UT Administration's Position

  • The State registered FIR No. 97 based on allegations by respondent No. 4 that petitioner No. 1 was a minor.
  • Upon investigation, the prosecution found petitioner No. 1 to be above 18 years of age and decided not to proceed further with the FIR.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Swaran Singh @ Gaganpreet Singh v. State of Punjab and others, Criminal Miscellaneous No. 43454-M of 2007, decided on 28.4.2008 Supporting the view that if a major marries of her own free will, no offence is made even if the alleged age is around 16 years and 4 months. The Court relied on this precedent to hold that even if petitioner No. 1 was 16 years and 4 months old, her free will marriage precludes the commission of any offence.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court examined the evidence collected by the prosecution, including a birth certificate (Annexure P-1), which established that petitioner No. 1 was over 18 years of age at the time of marriage. This evidence was corroborated by petitioner No. 1's own statement in Court. The Court rejected the respondents' contention that petitioner No. 1 was a minor. It reasoned that since petitioner No. 1 is a major, respondents Nos. 4 to 7 have no legal right to interfere in her married life or claim her custody against her wishes. Furthermore, the Court considered the alternative argument that even if petitioner No. 1 were 16 years and 4 months old, the marriage was conducted with her free will, which negates the commission of any offence. The Court relied on the precedent of Swaran Singh @ Gaganpreet Singh v. State of Punjab to support this view. Consequently, the Court found no offence disclosed in the FIR and ordered its quashing. It also directed the respondents not to interfere with the petitioners' peaceful married life and to provide protection to the petitioners if required.

Holding and Implications

The petition is allowed.

The FIR No. 98 dated 21.7.2008 and subsequent proceedings are quashed. Respondents Nos. 4 to 7 are restrained from interfering in the peaceful married life of the petitioners. Respondents Nos. 1 and 2 are directed to provide protection to the petitioners to safeguard their life and liberty if required. This decision directly protects the petitioners' rights and does not set a new precedent beyond the application of existing principles regarding majority and free will in marriage.

    Ridhwana And Another Petitioners v. U.T Administration And Others S

    Vinod K. Sharma, J. (Oral) — The petitioners seek direction to respondents Nos. 2 and 3 to protect their life and liberty and also prays for direction to the respondents not to interfere in the peaceful married life of the petitioner.

    2. The petitioners claimed that they are married and have married against the wishes of respondents Nos. 4 to 7 and therefore they expect false implication and harassment at their hands.

    Notice of the petition was issued.

    3. Mr. Ram Pal Verma, learned standing counsel for U.T, Chandigarh stated that DDR was got registered by respondent No. 4 and as the allegations disclose a cognizable offence FIR No. 97 dated 1.7.2008 was registered at Police Station Industrial Area, Chandigarh.

    4. The stand of the learned counsel for UT Administration was that FIR was registered keeping in view the allegations made by respondent No. 4 that petitioner No. 1 was minor. It is also the case of the State that evidence was collected by the prosecution and it was found that petitioner No. 1 is more than 18 years of age and, therefore, they do not propose to take any further action on the FIR.

    5. In view of the stand taken by the petitioner and U.T Administration as no offence is disclosed on the allegations levelled by respondent No. 4 FIR No. 98 dated 21.7.2008 along with subsequent proceedings is therefore ordered to be quashed.

    6. The petition is opposed by the learned counsel appearing on behalf of respondents Nos. 4 to 7 on the plea that respondent No. 1 is minor which entitles respondents Nos. 4 to 7 to claim custody of the minor girl. It is further the case of respondents Nos. 4 to 7 that a petition under the Code of Criminal Procedure for custody has already been filed in the competent Court. The stand taken by respondents Nos. 4 to 7 is that petitioner No. 1 is less than 18 years of age though more than 16 years of her age.

    7. The contention for the learned counsel for respondents Nos. 4 to 7 cannot be accepted in view of the evidence collected by the prosecution showing that petitioner No. 1 is more than 18 years of age. This is also the stand taken by petitioner No. 1 who appeared in Court, she stated that she was more than 18 years of age at the time of marriage. In support of this contention she has placed can record certificate Annexure P-1 showing her date of birth to be 15.3.1990

    8. In view of the positive evidence collected the respondents Nos. 4 to 6 have no right to interfere in the peaceful married life of the petitioners nor they are entitled to custody of a major against her wishes.

    9. It may further he noticed that even if for the sake of arguments the age of petitioner No. 1 is taken to be 16 years and 4 months as claimed by respondents Nos. 4 to 7 still in view of evidence on record that she has married petitioner No. 2 of her sweet freewill and has left the house of her own, no offence can be said to have been made. This view finds support from the order passed by this Court in Criminal Miscellaneous No. 43454-M of 2007 titled “Swaran Singh @ Gaganpreet Singh v. State of Punjab and others”, decided on 28.4.2008

    10. For the reasons stated above, this petition allowed. The respondents are directed not to interfere in the peaceful married life of the petitioners. Respondents Nos. 1 and 2 are directed to provide protection to the petitioners, if so required to protect their life and liberty.

    Petition allowed.

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    Ridhwana And Another Petitioners v. U.T Administration And Others S
    (Jul 31, 2008)