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AMICUS AI
Citation Codes
Neutral Citations
008 INSC 1112
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Advocates
Judges
Acts
  • Section 302 of the Penal Code, 1860
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Cites
Cited by
Citation Codes
Neutral Citations
008 INSC 1112
Equivalent Citations
citation codes
Case Number
Disposition
Advocates
Judges
Acts
  • Section 302 of the Penal Code, 1860
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

The respondent (Accused No. 1) and three co-accused (A-2 to A-4) were tried before the Court of Session, Coimbatore. A-1 faced charges under Section 302 IPC and Section 392 read with Section 397 IPC, while A-2 to A-4 were charged under Section 392 IPC. The Sessions Judge convicted A-1, imposing life imprisonment for murder (Section 302) and seven years’ rigorous imprisonment for robbery with a deadly weapon (Section 392/397). On appeal, a Division Bench of the Madras High Court found the prosecution evidence unreliable and acquitted the respondent. The State challenged that acquittal before the Supreme Court; the present judgment resolves that appeal.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the High Court erred in discarding the identification evidence of PWs 1-3 and the testimony of PW 8.
  2. Whether the High Court’s order of acquittal was so unreasonable that it warranted interference by the Supreme Court.

Arguments of the Parties

Appellant-State's Arguments

  • Even if the identification evidence of PWs 1 and 2 was open to doubt, the testimonies of PW 3 and PW 8 should have been assessed differently and accepted as credible.

Respondent-Accused's Arguments

  • Supported the High Court’s judgment, contending that the prosecution witnesses were unreliable and their evidence lacked cogency.

Table of Precedents Cited

No precedents were cited in the provided opinion.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Supreme Court reviewed the High Court’s evaluation of the evidence:

  • PWs 1-3: The High Court noted, and the Supreme Court accepted, that these witnesses had seen photographs and read the names of the accused in newspapers before the test identification parade, undermining their reliability.
  • PW 8: The witness claimed to have seen the accused with a blood-stained knife shortly after the incident, yet had not revealed this during investigation. The High Court found this conduct unnatural and his evidence inconsistent with that of PWs 1 and 2; the Supreme Court agreed.
  • Given these credibility concerns, the Supreme Court held that the High Court’s view was a “possible” view based on the record and thus immune from appellate interference.

Holding and Implications

Appeal Dismissed – Acquittal Affirmed.

Consequently, the respondent remains acquitted of all charges. The decision reiterates the principle that the Supreme Court will not disturb an acquittal where the lower court’s view of the evidence is reasonably possible; no new legal precedent was established beyond reaffirming this standard.

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    State v. Sait

    Dr. Arijit Pasayat, J.— Heard learned counsel for the parties.

    2. The challenge in this appeal is to the judgment of a Division Bench of the Madras High Court directing acquittal of the respondent. The trial court i.e the Court of Session, Coimbatore had found the respondent guilty of the offence punishable under Section 302 of the Penal Code, 1860 (in short “IPC”).

    3. It is to be noted that four persons, including the respondent were tried for the offences punishable under Section 302 read with Section 34 IPC, Section 392 IPC and Section 392 read with Section 397 IPC. The present respondent i.e A-1 was tried for the offences punishable under Section 392 read with Section 397 IPC and A-2 to A-4 were tried for the offences punishable under Section 392 IPC.

    4. The learned Sessions Judge found the respondent guilty of the offences punishable under Section 302 as well as for the offences punishable under Section 392 read with Section 397 IPC and sentenced him to undergo imprisonment for life and seven years' rigorous imprisonment for the latter offence. The High Court found the evidence to be not cogent and credible and directed acquittal.

    5. The prosecution version primarily rested on the evidence of PWs 1 to 3 and PW 8. The trial court placed reliance on the evidence of such witnesses and directed conviction, as recorded above.

    6. The High Court found that it was an accepted position, as conceded by PWs 1 and 2 that they had seen the photographs and read the names of the accused in the newspaper prior to the test identification parade. On that ground, the High Court disbelieved the evidence of PWs 1 and 2. So far as PW 3 is concerned, the High Court found that his version to have only read the name of the accused in the newspaper and not to have seen the photographs, was not believable. Accordingly, PWs 1 to 3 were disbelieved.

    7. The residual question was the reliability of the evidence tendered by PW 8. Here again, the High Court found that his version lacked credence. He claimed to be a person who had seen the accused after some time of the incident with a bloodstained knife. But his conduct was found to be unnatural. If he was the only person to have seen the accused from close quarters, it was not explained why he did not say so during investigation. Such a version for the first time in the Court has been rightly discarded by the High Court. Therefore, the High Court directed acquittal, as noted above.

    8. The learned counsel for the appellant State submitted that even if there was some scope for doubting the evidence of PWs 1 and 2, so far as PW 3 and PW 8 are concerned, a different yardstick had to be applied. The learned counsel for the respondent-accused supported the judgment of the High Court.

    9. We find that so far as PWs 1 to 3 are concerned, the High Court found that they had occasion to see the photographs and read the name of the accused from the newspaper prior to the test identification parade. So far as PW 8 is concerned, the High Court found that his evidence was at variance with that of PWs 1 and 2 and had also lacked reliability.

    10. The view taken by the High Court after analysing the evidence cannot be said to be a view which is not possible to be taken.

    11. That being so, we are not inclined to interfere in this appeal which is, accordingly, dismissed.

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    Comments

    State v. Sait
    (Oct 1, 2008)