S.N Variava, J.— Before this Court, a large number of appeals have been filed by the Haryana Urban Development Authority and/or the Ghaziabad Development Authority challenging orders of the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, granting to the complainants, interest at the rate of 18% per annum irrespective of the facts of each case. This Court has, in the case of Ghaziabad Development Authority v. Balbir Singh (2004) 5 SCC 65 deprecated this practice. This Court has held that interest at the rate of 18% cannot be granted in all cases irrespective of the facts of the case. This Court has held that the Consumer Forum could grant damages/compensation for mental agony/harassment where it finds misfeasance in public office. This Court has held that such compensation is a recompense for the loss or injury and it necessarily has to be based on a finding of loss or injury and must correlate with the amount of loss or injury. This Court has held that the Forum or the Commission thus had to determine that there was deficiency in service and/or misfeasance in public office and that it has resulted in loss or injury. This Court has also laid down certain other guidelines which the Forum or the Commission has to follow in future cases.
2. This Court is now taking up the cases before it for disposal as per principles set out in earlier judgment. On taking the cases we find that the copies of the claim/petitions made by the respondent complainants and the evidence, if any, led before the District Forum are not in the paper-book. This Court has before it the order of the District Forum. The facts are thus taken from that order.
3. In this case, the respondents were allotted a plot bearing No. SSB-3, Old Court Area, Hissar. The respondents paid substantial amounts but the possession was not delivered. The respondent, therefore, filed a complaint. On these facts, the District Forum awarded interest @ 15% p.a on the entire deposited amount from the date of deposit till offer of possession.
4. The State Forum directed allotment of an alternative plot at the rate payable for the old plot. It also directed that interest at 15% per annum will be payable after 2 years of the date of deposit. The appellants went in revision before the National Commission. The National Commission dismissed the revision filed by the appellants relying upon its own decision in the case of Haryana Urban Development Authority v. Darsh Kumar RP No. 1197 of 1998 dated 31-8-2001 (NC) and observing that interest @ 18% p.a would be allowable after two years from the date of the respective deposits of amounts by the respondent. As has been stated in so many matters, the order of the National Commission cannot be sustained. It cannot dispose of the matters by confirming award of interest in all matters irrespective of the facts of that case. The National Commission must, if it is satisfied on the facts of a particular case, award compensation/damages under specific heads. The order of the National Forum is accordingly set aside.
5. We are informed that the appellants have offered possession on 7-10-1997. Counsel had no instructions whether the respondent had taken possession or not. Undoubtedly the respondent will be entitled to take possession, if he has not already taken possession. The appellants will deliver possession without demanding any further or other amounts.
6. We are informed that the respondent has paid a sum of Rs 1,80,510.50. We however find from the copy of the allotment letter, filed in this Court along with the affidavit of the Estate Officer dated 29-7-2004, that only a sum of Rs 1,76,000 was payable. As per the affidavit, interest in a sum of Rs 1,74,900 payable to the respondent, as per the orders mentioned hereinabove, has been paid to the respondent on 16-10-1998.
7. Counsel had no instructions and could not explain what were the amounts due from the respondent. As stated above the respondent has paid more than what he was bound to pay. Also neither before the District Forum nor the State Forum nor the National Commission and nor even in the appeal memo before this Court is there a claim that the appellants have to recover amounts from the respondent. When the dispute has been sub judice, the appellants are bound to put before the Court/Forum not just their defence but also their claim/counterclaim, if any. Without permission of the Court the appellants cannot set at naught awards of the Forum by raising, outside court, demands against the respondents. It must be remembered that the appellants were to deliver possession within a reasonable time. They did not offer possession till 7-10-1997. As can be seen from the order of the District Forum possession was not being offered because development work had not taken place. As they were not in a position to deliver possession they cannot expect parties like the respondent i.e allottees to keep on paying instalments to them. In such cases i.e where the appellants are not in a position to deliver possession they cannot charge interest on delayed payments till after they offer possession. Clause 5 of the letter of allotment also so provides. It reads as follows:
“5. The balance amount i.e Rs 1,32,000 of the above price of the plot/building can be paid in lump sum without interest within 60 days from the date of issue of the allotment letter or in ten half-yearly equal instalments. The first instalment will fall due after the expiry of one year of the date of issue of this letter. Each instalment would be recoverable together with interest on the balance price at 10% (ten per cent) interest on the remaining amount. The interest shall, however, accrue from the date of offer of possession.”
Thus, interest could only have been charged from the date of offer of possession.
8. As we are unable to understand and counsel has no instructions to be able to explain why extra payment has been collected and what adjustments are purported to have been made, we direct that the appellants shall now recalculate in the manner set out hereunder. In this case, the appellants must pay interest at 15% from the date of each deposit till the date of payment. They will not charge interest on delayed payments prior to 7-10-1997. If by that date the original price of Rs 1,76,000 had been paid they will not be entitled to and will not charge any interest. If anything extra is recovered they will repay that back to the respondent with interest thereon at 15% from the date of such wrongful recovery till payment. We, however, clarify that if the appellants have a claim and feel that they have to recover such amounts from the respondent, they are at liberty to approach this Court for clarification/modification of the order and if on that application they are permitted to so recover, they may. But in the absence of any such permission, they shall not recover anything extra/over and above the allotment price of Rs 1,76,000.
9. Further, if TDS amount is deducted they will now pay that over to the respondent with interest thereon at the rate of 15% from the date it was so deposited till payment. Such recalculation to be made within 15 days from today and the amounts found due and payable to the respondent to be paid to him within 15 days thereafter. A compliance report to be filed in this Court within one month from date. A copy of the recalculation to be annexed to the compliance report.
10. We clarify that this order shall not be taken as a precedent in any other matter as the order is being passed taking into account the special features of the case. The Forum/Commission will follow the principles laid down by this Court in the case of Ghaziabad Development Authority v. Balbir Singh (2004) 5 SCC 65 in future cases.
11. With these observations, the appeal stands disposed of with no order as to costs.