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  • provisions of Order 45, Rule 13 of the CPC.
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Citation Codes
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  • provisions of Order 45, Rule 13 of the CPC.
Smart Summary

Factual and Procedural Background

This opinion concerns an application filed on 19-4-63 by Mr. S.P. Jain, the petitioner in a Company Act case, seeking three interim reliefs following the allowance of A.H.O 13 of 1961 and A.H.Os 2 to 14 of 1962 on 18-4-63. These reliefs included: (1) restraining appellants from permitting or effecting any transfer of 39,000 shares dealt with in the judgment, (2) restraining alteration of the Board of Directors' constitution prior to the judgment (which was not pressed at hearing), and (3) restraining the issuance of any further shares. On the same day the judgment was passed, all interim orders, including the appointment of Shri G.C. Das as the Court's nominee in the interim Board of Directors, were vacated. The petitioner claimed inability to procure a certified copy of the judgment, hindering an application for leave to the Supreme Court, and sought interim protection to avoid prejudice.

Legal Issues Presented

  1. Whether the Court has jurisdiction to grant interim orders under Section 151 of the Civil Procedure Code (CPC) even when no application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court is pending.
  2. Whether the status quo regarding the transfer and holding of 39,000 shares should be maintained pending further hearing, including restraining the issuance of new shares by the Company.

Arguments of the Parties

Appellant's Arguments

  • A legal objection was raised by Mr. Choudhry that the prayers for interim relief could not be granted because no application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court was pending before the Court.
  • Reliance was placed on the decision of this Court in Purna Chand v. Chamra Bariha, AIR 1954 Orissa 114, to support this position.

Respondent's Arguments

  • The petitioner contended that interim orders are necessary to prevent prejudice as he had not yet obtained a certified copy of the judgment and thus could not file an application for leave to the Supreme Court.
  • The petitioner sought to maintain the status quo with respect to the shares and the Board of Directors pending further proceedings.

Table of Precedents Cited

Precedent Rule or Principle Cited For Application by the Court
Ramendra Narayan v. Bibhabati Debi, AIR 1942 Cal 488 High Court's inherent power under Section 151 CPC to make interim orders even after dismissal of appeal, in aid of eventual orders. Supported the Court's jurisdiction to grant interim reliefs under inherent powers despite no pending leave application.
Manohar Lal Chopra v. Rai Bahadur Rao Raja Seth Hiralal, AIR 1962 SC 527 Wide construction of Section 151 CPC emphasizing that inherent powers cannot be limited by other provisions of the Code. Established that the Court's inherent power to pass necessary orders for ends of justice is not constrained by procedural limitations.
Purna Chand v. Chamra Bariha, AIR 1954 Orissa 114 Contended that interim orders cannot be passed without a pending application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court. Distinguished by the Court as not applicable in the present case due to the authoritative Supreme Court decision.

Court's Reasoning and Analysis

The Court analyzed the jurisdictional issue by referring to established precedents. It noted that while a prior decision of this Court (AIR 1954 Orissa 114) suggested that interim reliefs require a pending application for leave to the Supreme Court, this was distinguishable and overridden by authoritative Supreme Court jurisprudence. Specifically, the Court relied on the decision in Manohar Lal Chopra which grants a broad interpretation to Section 151 of the CPC, affirming the inherent power of the Court to pass interim orders necessary for justice, independent of procedural prerequisites.

Applying these principles, the Court held that it possesses jurisdiction to grant the requested interim reliefs notwithstanding the absence of a pending leave application. It further reasoned that the status quo concerning the 39,000 shares—which were central to the dispute—must be preserved pending further adjudication, including restraining any transfer of those shares and preventing the issuance of new shares by the Company. The Court thus balanced the need to prevent prejudice to the petitioner with the inherent judicial duty to ensure justice.

Holding and Implications

The Court allowed the application, granting interim reliefs restraining the appellants from transferring the 39,000 shares and prohibiting the Company from issuing further shares for a period of three months from the date of the order.

The direct consequence is the maintenance of the status quo regarding the disputed shares and share issuance until the matter is heard further, likely by the Supreme Court. No costs were awarded. The opinion does not establish any new precedent but clarifies the Court's inherent jurisdiction to grant interim reliefs under Section 151 CPC even without a pending leave application.

    S.P Jain v. M/S. Kalinga Tubes Ltd., And Others Opposite Parties.

    Misra, J.:— A.H.O 13 of 1961 and A.H.Os 2 to 14 of 1962 were allowed on 18-4-63. By a separate Order on the very day all interim orders passed in she case including the one appointing Shri G.C Das as Court's nominee in the interim Board of Directors were vacated with effect from that date. This application has been filed on 19-4-63 on behalf of Mr. S.P Jain, the petitioner in the Company Act case, asking for three reliefs. Those are to direct the appellants in all the aforesaid A.H Os. (1) not to permit and effect any transfer of the 39,000 shares dealt with in the judgment, (2) not to alter the constitution of the Board of Directors prior to the judgment dated 18-4-63, and (3) not to issue any further shares. The second prayer was not pressed at the time of hearing.

    2. The averment in the petition is to the effect that the petitioner has not been able to procure a certified copy of the judgment, on account of which he has not been able to file an application for leave to Supreme Court, and unless interim orders, as prayed for, are made, he would be pre-judicially affected. The application is opposed. We have heard the parties.

    3. A legal objection has been taken by Mr. Choudhry that the prayers cannot be granted as there is no application for leave to Supreme Court pending before this Court. Reliance is placed on a Bench decision of this Court reported in Purna Chand v. Chamra Bariha, AIR 1954 Orissa 114.

    4. In Ramendra Narayan v. Bibhabati Debi, AIR 1942 Cal 488 a Bench of the Calcutta High Court held that even after the dismissal of an appeal the High Court has inherent power, under S. 151 to make an interim order, in aid of the order which may eventually be passed by the Court dealing with the application for leave to appeal apart from the provisions of Order 45, Rule 13 of the CPC. The decision of the Supreme Court reported in Manohar Lal Chopra v. Rai Bahadur Rao Raja Seth Hiralal, AIR 1962 SC 527 gives a wide construction to Section 151 of the CPC and clearly lays down,

    “Section 151 itself says that nothing in the Code shall be deemed to limit or otherwise affect the inherent power of the Court to make orders necessary for the ends of justice. In the face of such a clear statement, it is not possible to hold that the provisions of the Code control the inherent power by limiting it or otherwise affecting it the inherent power has not been conferred upon the Court; it is a power inherent in the Court by virtue of its duty to do justice between the parties before it. Further, when the Code itself recognizes the existence of the inherent power of the Court, there is no question of implying any powers outside the limits of the Code.”

    5. AIR 1954 Orissa 114 is distinguishable. Moreover the Supreme Court decision concludes the matter. We hold that we have jurisdiction to pass necessary interim orders even though no application for leave to appeal to Supreme Court is pending.

    6. In this case, leave to appeal to the Supreme Court would be granted as a matter of right. The status quo with regard to the holdings of the 39,000 shares which constitute an important subject-matter of discussion in the judgment should be maintained. The Company should not also issue further shares until the matter is heard by the Supreme Court.

    7. We accordingly direct that for a period of three months from today the concerned appellants in all the A.H.Os who hold the 39,000 shares would not effect any transfer of those shares and the Company is prohibited from registering such transfers. The Company is further prohibited from issuing, any further shares during this period.

    8. We would accordingly allow the application. But there will be no order as to costs.

    9. Narasimham, C.J:— I agree.

    LG/P/D.V.C

    10. Application allowed.

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    S.P Jain v. M/S. Kalinga Tubes Ltd., And Others Opposite Parties.
    (May 1, 1963)